在编制下表时，我在第 1 列之前和第 1 列之后的最后一行下方出现了一条延伸的垂直线。附图显示了表格在我的报告中的显示方式。我不知道为什么会发生这种情况。有人能解释一下如何删除延伸的垂直线，而不删除表格其余部分中的垂直线吗？
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{changes}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage[justification=centering]{caption}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[gen]{eurosym} %proper euro sign
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{bm} % for \bm macro
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem} %allows chemical formulae
\usepackage{siunitx} %allow SI units
\usepackage{cleveref} %smart referencing, automatic sorting etc.
\usepackage{nomencl}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\makenomenclature
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{pifont}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\caption[Characterization techniques per property.]
{Experimental matrix which shows the used technique to obtain information about a certain material property.}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Property} & \textbf{ECV} & \textbf{QSSPC} & \textbf{Sherescan} & \textbf{PL} & \textbf{Ellipsometry} & \textbf{SEM} & \textbf{FTIR} & \textbf{XRD} \\ \hline \hiline
Passivation & \ding{51} & & & & & & & \\ \hline
Doping profile & & \ding{51} & & & & & & \\ \hline
Sheet resistance & & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & & & & & \\ \hline
Thickness & \ding{51} & & & & \ding{51} &\ding{51} & & \\ \hline
Crystallinity & & & & & &\ding{51} & &\ding{51} \\ \hline
Composition & & & & \ding{51} & &\ding{51} &\ding{51} & \\ \hline
Refractive index & & & & & \ding{51} & & & \\
\hline
\label{tab:experimentmatrix}
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案1
放\label{...} 外部\begin{tabular}和包围的表格环境\end{tabular}。在其当前位置（在最后一个之后\hline但在 之前\end{tabular}），LaTeX 假定在最后一个单元格之后的行中还有另一个已填充的单元格\hline，并在其周围打印相应的垂直线。
由于\label指的是\caption，我建议 之后就立即进行\caption。
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage[justification=centering]{caption}
\usepackage{pifont}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\caption[Characterization techniques per property.]
{Experimental matrix which shows the used technique to obtain information about a certain material property.}
\label{tab:experimentmatrix}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Property} & \textbf{ECV} & \textbf{QSSPC} & \textbf{Sherescan} & \textbf{PL} & \textbf{Ellipsometry} & \textbf{SEM} & \textbf{FTIR} & \textbf{XRD} \\ \hline \hline
Passivation & \ding{51} & & & & & & & \\ \hline
Doping profile & & \ding{51} & & & & & & \\ \hline
Sheet resistance & & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & & & & & \\ \hline
Thickness & \ding{51} & & & & \ding{51} &\ding{51} & & \\ \hline
Crystallinity & & & & & &\ding{51} & &\ding{51} \\ \hline
Composition & & & & \ding{51} & &\ding{51} &\ding{51} & \\ \hline
Refractive index & & & & & \ding{51} & & & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案2
大部分主题...您的表格太宽，无法容纳文本宽度。解决方案可以
- 用于
tabularx表环境 - 旋转列标题
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{changes}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage[justification=centering]{caption}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[gen]{eurosym} %proper euro sign
%\usepackage{amsmath} loaded by mathtools
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{bm} % for \bm macro
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem} %allows chemical formulae
\usepackage{siunitx} %allow SI units
\usepackage{cleveref} %smart referencing, automatic sorting etc.
\usepackage{nomencl}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\makenomenclature
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\usepackage{rotating} % added
\usepackage{makecell, % added
tabularx}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\small\bfseries}
%\usepackage{array} loaded by tabularx
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{pifont}
%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\settowidth\rotheadsize{\theadfont Ellipsometry}
\caption[Characterization techniques per property.]
{Experimental matrix which shows the used technique to obtain information about a certain material property.}
\label{tab:experimentmatrix}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{
|l|
*{8}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X|}
}
\hline
\thead{Property} & \rothead{ECV} & \rothead{QSSPC} & \rothead{Sherescan}
& \rothead{PL} & \rothead{Ellipsometry}& \rothead{SEM}
& \rothead{FTIR}& \rothead{XRD} \\
\hline\hline
Passivation & \ding{51} & &
& & &
& & \\
\hline
Doping profile & & \ding{51} &
& & &
& & \\
\hline
Sheet resistance & & \ding{51} & \ding{51}
& & &
& & \\
\hline
Thickness & \ding{51} & &
& & \ding{51} & \ding{51}
& & \\
\hline
Crystallinity & & &
& & & \ding{51}
& & \ding{51} \\
\hline
Composition & & &
& \ding{51} & & \ding{51}
& \ding{51} & \\
\hline
Refractive index & & &
& & \ding{51} &
& & \\
\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}
