我目前正在写一份报告，表格过宽后出现了一些问题。我想让表格在页面上居中，但由于 \hbox 太满，表格总是偏左。我在让表格变窄方面取得了一些进展，但还不够。
我也看到了如何让太宽的表格居中？和我如何使这个宽表格在 LaTeX 中居中？，但我无法实施所提出的解决方案。也许与我使用的某些软件包存在不兼容性。
我试图将我的问题的 MWE 放在下面，但是我插入了我使用的所有软件包，以防任何人看到不兼容的地方。
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{report} %EINSEITIG
\usepackage[a4paper , lmargin = {3cm} , rmargin = {3cm} , tmargin = {2.5cm} , bmargin = {2.5cm}, headheight=14.5pt]{geometry} %für PC Ansicht
\usepackage[ngerman, english]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{textcomp,gensymb}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage[gen]{eurosym}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\usepackage{nicefrac}
\usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace}
\usepackage[font=small,format=hang]{caption}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{rotating}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{selectp}
\usepackage[inline]{enumitem}
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
% SI-Unit
\usepackage[per-mode=symbol,exponent-product=\cdot]{siunitx}
% HyperRef Formatting
\usepackage[pdftex, colorlinks, linkcolor=black, frenchlinks, unicode]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{citecolor=black}
\hypersetup{urlcolor=blue}
\usepackage{uarial}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.75} %Definition der neuen Farbe Grau
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titleformat{\chapter}{\bfseries\Huge}{\thechapter.\quad}{0em}{}
\AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand{\chaptername}{}}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}
\begin{document}
\chapter{Test}
%%PDF-Einstellungen
\fancyhead[L]{Version 1.4 - \today}
\fancyfoot[L]{}
\fancyfoot[C]{\thepage}
\fancyfoot[R]{}
\pagenumbering{roman} %Römische Ziffern
%%
%
A tabular listing with DIN standards and corresponding ASTM standards for the aforementioned testing methods is given in \autoref{Tab:test}.
\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{DIN and ASTM Test Method Standards Comparison}
\begin{tabular}{llcc}
\toprule
Field & Test & DIN-Standard & ASTM-Standard \\
\toprule
\multirow{3}{*}{Concrete} & Compressive strength (UCS) & EN~12390-3 & C39/C39M Bananenequark \\
& Young's modulus & EN 12390-13 & C469/C469M \\
& Triaxial Tests & - & C801* \\
\bottomrule
\multicolumn{4}{l}{\begin{scriptsize} * = standard withdrawn \end{scriptsize}} \\
\end{tabular}
\label{Tab:test}
\end{table}
\end{document}
我尝试了很多选项但仍然没有看到效果并且表格与文本左侧对齐。
有人能给我提供一个解决方案，让我能将表格置于页面中央而不是文本左对齐吗？
在此先非常感谢您的帮助！
答案1
tabular*通过使用表格环境并向左调整，您的表格可以适合文本宽度\colsep。使用\small字体大小使表格更加美观：
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{report} %EINSEITIG
\usepackage[hmargin = {3cm},
vmargin = {2.5cm} ,
headheight=14.5pt]{geometry} %für PC Ansicht
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{uarial}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace}
\usepackage[font=small,format=hang]{caption}
\usepackage{ragged2e}
\usepackage{booktabs, multirow}
\usepackage[colorlinks, frenchlinks, unicode]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue}
%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\begin{document}
A tabular listing with DIN standards and corresponding ASTM standards for the aforementioned testing methods is given in \autoref{Tab:test}.
\begin{table}[htbp]
\caption{Comparison of DIN and ASTM Test Method Standards}
\label{Tab:test}
\setlength\tabcolsep{0pt}
\small% works also with normal font size
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}llll}
\toprule
Field & Test & DIN Standard & ASTM Standard \\
\midrule
\multirow{3}{*}{Concrete} & Compressive strength (UCS)
& EN~12390-3 & C39/C39M Bananen\-equark \\
& Young's modulus & EN 12390-13 & C469/C469M \\
& Triaxial Tests & -- & C801* \\
\bottomrule
\addlinespace
\multicolumn{4}{@{}l}{\scriptsize * = standard withdrawn}\\
\end{tabular*}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案2
由于您已经加载了tabularx包，因此您可以考虑使用tabularx环境而不是tabular环境。我建议对最后一列使用（修改后的）X列类型，并允许在该列中换行。
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{report} %EINSEITIG
\usepackage[hmargin = {3cm}, vmargin = {2.5cm} ,
headheight=14.5pt]{geometry} %für PC Ansicht
\usepackage[ngerman, english]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb}
\usepackage{textcomp,gensymb}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
%\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.75} % neue Farbe Grau
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage[gen]{eurosym}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\usepackage{nicefrac}
\usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace}
\usepackage[font=small,format=hang]{caption}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{tabularx,ragged2e}
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}X}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{rotating}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{selectp}
\usepackage[inline]{enumitem}
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
% SI-Unit
\usepackage[per-mode=symbol,exponent-product=\cdot]{siunitx}
\usepackage{uarial}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titleformat{\chapter}{\bfseries\Huge}{\thechapter.\quad}{0em}{}
\AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand{\chaptername}{}}
% HyperRef Formatting (load 'hyperref' package LAST)
\usepackage[colorlinks, frenchlinks, unicode]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}
\pagenumbering{roman} % Römische Ziffern
%%PDF-Einstellungen
\fancyhead[L]{Version 1.4 -- \today}
\fancyfoot[L]{}
\fancyfoot[C]{\thepage}
\fancyfoot[R]{}
\begin{document}
\chapter{Test}
A tabular listing with DIN standards and corresponding ASTM standards for the aforementioned testing methods is given in \autoref{Tab:test}.
\begin{table}[htbp]
\caption{Comparison of DIN and ASTM Test Method Standards}
\label{Tab:test}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}lllL@{}}
\toprule
Field & Test & DIN Standard & ASTM Standard \\
\midrule
\multirow{4}{*}{Concrete} & Compressive strength (UCS)
& EN~12390-3 & C39/C39M Bananen\-equark \\
& Young's modulus & EN 12390-13 & C469/C469M \\
& Triaxial Tests & -- & C801* \\
\bottomrule \addlinespace
\multicolumn{4}{@{}l}{\scriptsize * = standard withdrawn}\\
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案3
我知道这会引发一些评论，但你可以直接用\centerline它包裹你的桌子。这似乎就是你想要的。这是否是好的风格是另一个问题。
\centerline{\begin{tabular}{llcc}
\toprule
Field & Test & DIN-Standard & ASTM-Standard \\
\toprule
\multirow{3}{*}{Concrete} & Compressive strength (UCS) & EN~12390-3 & C39/C39M Bananenequark \\
& Young's modulus & EN 12390-13 & C469/C469M \\
& Triaxial Tests & - & C801* \\
\bottomrule
\multicolumn{4}{l}{\begin{scriptsize} * = standard withdrawn \end{scriptsize}} \\
\end{tabular}}