我的 main.tex 文件和 chapter1.tex 文件如上所示。当我在章节名称中使用土耳其语字符时，章节名称在论文中无法正确显示。
我该如何解决这个问题？谢谢。
chapter1.tex 是：
\chapter{GİRİŞ ÖÇĞÜ öçişüğ}
text
main.tex 是：
\documentclass[12pt]{report}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}%Türkçe heceleme
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}%Türkçe karakterler
\usepackage[turkish,english,shorthands=:!]{babel}%Türkçe bölüm isimleri
\usepackage{apacite}
%%% left: 30mm, top: 30mm, right: 25mm, bottom: 25mm
\usepackage[a4paper,left=30mm,top=30mm,right=25mm,bottom=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[font={footnotesize,bf}]{caption}
\usepackage[font={footnotesize,bf}]{subcaption}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage[usenames,dvipsnames]{color}
\usepackage[titletoc,title]{appendix}
\usepackage{afterpage}
\usepackage[doublespacing]{setspace}
\usepackage{tocloft}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
%%% For dummy texts, you can remove it.
\usepackage{lipsum}
%%% Turning off all figures, required for turnitin upload to reduce the size of the document.
%%% Remove the next two lines if you want the figures at their place
%\usepackage[figuresonly,nolists,nomarkers]{endfloat}
%\renewcommand{\processdelayedfloats}{}
%%% Same fonts for URL
\AtBeginDocument{\urlstyle{APACsame}}
%%% Figure and Table counters
\usepackage{chngcntr}
\counterwithout{figure}{chapter}
\counterwithout{table}{chapter}
\selectlanguage{turkish}
%****************************************
% SPACING
%%% Footnote line spacing
\setlength{\footnotesep}{\baselineskip}
%%% Adding extra space between paragraphs
\setlength{\parskip}{0.5\baselineskip}
%........................................
%****************************************
% BIBLIOGRAPHY
%%% Bibliography line spacing
\usepackage{natbib}
\setlength{\bibsep}{0.0pt}
%%% Removing parentheses around year in bibliography
\AtBeginDocument{
\renewcommand{\BBOP}{}
\renewcommand{\BBCP}{}
}
%%% Adding ":" character before page number in citations
\bibpunct[: ]{(}{)}{:}{a}{,}{~}
%........................................
%****************************************
% BLOCK QUOTES
%%% Spaces before and after block quotes
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\AtBeginEnvironment{quote}{\vspace{-\baselineskip}}
\AtEndEnvironment{quote}{\vspace{-\baselineskip}}
%%% Spaces before and after block quotes, indentation
\renewcommand{\quote}{\list{}{\rightmargin=4em\leftmargin=4em}\item\relax}
%%% Spacing
\expandafter\def\expandafter\quote\expandafter{\quote\singlespacing}
%........................................
%****************************************
% CHAPTERS
%%% Chapter titles
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{\normalfont\fontsize{14pt}{14pt}\centering\bfseries}{\MakeUppercase{\chaptertitlename}\ \thechapter}{2\baselineskip}{\uppercase}
\titleformat*{\section}{\bfseries\fontsize{12pt}{12pt}}
\titleformat*{\subsection}{\bfseries\fontsize{12pt}{12pt}}
%%% Chapter title spacing
%%% Centered, Top: 50mm, Next: 3 line after
\titlespacing{\chapter}{0pt}{13mm}{3\baselineskip}
%%% Bibliography title spacing
%%% Centered, Top: 50mm, Next: 4 line after
\titlespacing*{name=\chapter,numberless}{0pt}{16mm}{4\baselineskip}
%%% RENAMING CHAPTER TITLES
\addto\captionsenglish{%
\renewcommand{\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase{Table of Contents}}%
\renewcommand{\listtablename}{\MakeUppercase{List of Tables}}%
\renewcommand{\listfigurename}{\MakeUppercase{List of Figures}}%
\renewcommand{\bibname}{\MakeUppercase{Bibliography}}%
}
%........................................
%****************************************
% EPIGRAPH
%%% Epigraph setup
\setlength{\epigraphwidth}{.65\textwidth}
\setlength{\epigraphrule}{0pt}
%........................................
%%% PDF setup
\hypersetup{
pdftitle = {},
pdfauthor = {},
pdfsubject = {},
pdfkeywords = {},
colorlinks = false,
pdfborder = {0 0 0},
pdfpagemode = UseOutlines
}
%%% Utilities
\providecommand{\quotes}[1]{``#1''}
\providecommand{\singlequotes}[1]{`#1'}
%****************************************
% BEGIN
\begin{document}
\pagenumbering{gobble}
\pagenumbering{Roman}
\setcounter{page}{3}
%****************************************
% ÖNSÖZ
\thispagestyle{plain}
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ÖNSÖZ}
\doublespacing
\begin{center}
\vspace*{0mm} % Top: 50mm
{\fontsize{12pt}{12pt}\selectfont \textbf{\MakeUppercase{Önsöz}}}\\
\end{center}
%%% Önsöz Metin
\par \lipsum[1-1]
\clearpage
%........................................
%%% Automatically generated.
%****************************************
% TABLE OF CONTENTS
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{İÇİNDEKİLER}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
\renewcommand{\cftchapleader}{\cftdotfill{\cftdotsep}} % dots for chapters
\renewcommand{\cfttoctitlefont}{\MakeUppercase\hfil\bfseries\fontsize{14pt}{14pt}\selectfont}
\renewcommand\cftchapfont{\mdseries}
\renewcommand\cftchappagefont{\mdseries}
%\renewcommand{\cftchappresnum}{CHAPTER\space}
\renewcommand{\cftchapaftersnum}{:}
\setlength{\cftbeforetoctitleskip}{10mm} %İçindekiler yazısının üst tarafla boşluğunu ayarlar.
\setlength{\cftaftertoctitleskip}{3\baselineskip} %İçindekiler yazısı ile boşluğu ayarlar.
%\setlength{\cftchapnumwidth}{7em} %Ana başlıkların girintisini ayarlıyor.
%\addtolength{\cftchapnumwidth}{\cftchappresnum\cftchapaftersnum}
%%% Spacing between items
\setlength{\cftbeforesecskip}{\cftbeforechapskip}
\setlength{\cftbeforesubsecskip}{\cftbeforechapskip}
\begin{singlespace}
\tableofcontents
\end{singlespace}
\clearpage
%........................................
%****************************************
% TURKISH ABSTRACT
\thispagestyle{plain}
\selectlanguage{turkish}
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ÖZET}
\doublespacing
\begin{center}
\vspace*{13.5mm} % Top: 50mm
{\fontsize{14pt}{14pt}\selectfont \textbf{\MakeUppercase{Özet}}}\\
\vspace{\baselineskip}
\vspace{\baselineskip}
\end{center}
%%% Your Özet
\par \lipsum[1-1]
\noindent
\clearpage
%........................................
\selectlanguage{english}
%****************************************
% ENGLISH SUMMARY
\thispagestyle{plain}
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{SUMMARY}
\doublespacing
\begin{center}
\vspace*{13mm} % Top: 50mm
{\fontsize{14pt}{14pt}\selectfont \textbf{\MakeUppercase{Abstract}}}\\
\vspace{\baselineskip}
abs\\
\vspace{\baselineskip}
January 2016
\end{center}
%%% Your Abstract
\par \lipsum[3-3]
\clearpage
%........................................
\selectlanguage{turkish}
%%% Automatically generated.
%****************************************
% LIST OF FIGURES
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ}
%%% Spacing between items
\makeatletter
\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
\refstepcounter{chapter}%
\typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}%
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}%
{\protect\numberline{\thechapter}#1}%
\else
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}%
\fi
\chaptermark{#1}%
\if@twocolumn
\@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]%
\else
\@makechapterhead{#2}%
\@afterheading
\fi}
\makeatother
\renewcommand{\cftloftitlefont}{\MakeUppercase\hfil\bfseries\fontsize{14pt}{14pt}\selectfont}
\renewcommand{\cftfigaftersnum}{.}
\setlength{\cftbeforeloftitleskip}{20mm}
\setlength{\cftafterloftitleskip}{3\baselineskip}
\setlength{\cftbeforefigskip}{\cftbeforechapskip}
\begin{singlespace}
\listoffigures
\end{singlespace}
\clearpage
%........................................
%%% Automatically generated.
%****************************************
% LIST OF TABLES
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{TABLOLAR DİZİNİ}
\listoftables
\clearpage
%........................................
%%% Automatically generated.
%****************************************
% LIST OF TABLES
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{SEMBOLLER DİZİNİ}
\listoftables
\clearpage
%........................................
%%% If you need list of tables comment off below section.
%****************************************
% LIST OF TABLES
%\phantomsection
%\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{LIST OF TABLES}
%\listoftables
%........................................
%****************************************
% BLANK PAGE
%\clearpage
%\afterpage{\null\newpage}
%\clearpage
%........................................
%****************************************
% DEDICATION
%\newenvironment{dedication}
% {\clearpage % we want a new page
% \thispagestyle{empty}% no header and footer
% \vspace*{2in} % some space at the top
% \centering
% }
% {\par % end the paragraph
% \vfill
% \clearpage % finish off the page
% }
%\begin{dedication}
%To my family and for those who embrace trash
%\end{dedication}
%........................................
%****************************************
% ACKNOWLEDGMENTS teşekkürler
\thispagestyle{plain}
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{TEŞEKKÜRLER}
\doublespacing
\begin{center}
\vspace*{13mm} % Top: 50mm
{\fontsize{14pt}{14pt}\selectfont \textbf{\MakeUppercase{TEŞEKKÜRLER}}}\\
\vspace{3\baselineskip}
\end{center}
%%% Your Ack.
\par \lipsum[1-1]
\clearpage
%........................................
\pagenumbering{arabic}
%****************************************
% CHAPTERS
\include{chapter1}
\include{chapter2}
\include{chapter3}
\include{chapter4}
\include{chapter5}
%........................................
%%% Automatically generated.
%****************************************
% BIBLIOGRAPHY (Kaynaklar)
\nocite{*} % Add all references
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{KAYNAKLAR}
\bibliographystyle{apacite}
\begin{singlespace}
\setlength{\bibsep}{2\itemsep}
\bibliography{literature}
\end{singlespace}
\clearpage
%........................................
%****************************************
% APPENDICES (Ekler)
\appendix
\phantomsection
%%% Below code is used for multiple appendices, for single appendix you need to remove code between appendices comment.
%%% remove start. [appendices]
\addtocontents{toc}{\cftpagenumbersoff{chapter}}
\chapter*{APPENDICES}
\addtocontents{toc}{\protect\contentsline {chapter}{EKLER}{}{}}
\addtocontents{toc}{\cftpagenumberson{chapter}}
%%% remove end. [appendices]
\makeatletter
\addtocontents{toc}{\let\protect\l@chapter\protect\l@section}
\makeatother
\include{appendix_materials}
\include{appendix_project}
%........................................
\end{document}
答案1
重新定义中\uppercase的变化：\MakeUppercase\chapter
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{\normalfont\fontsize{14pt}{14pt}\centering\bfseries}
{\MakeUppercase{\chaptertitlename}\ \thechapter}
{2\baselineskip}
{\MakeUppercase} % <---- you had \uppercase
注意hyperref应加载最后的。您可能还想使用该选项加载它unicode。