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使用 Biblatex 更改参考书目的外观

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使用 Biblatex 更改参考书目的外观

我正在努力将参考书目转换为所需的格式。更准确地说，我的代码的 MWE 是

 \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
 \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
 \usepackage{graphicx}
 \PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
 \usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}
 \usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
 \usepackage[
 backend=biber,
 style=authoryear,
 citestyle=authoryear,
 ]{biblatex}
 \addbibresource{test.bib}
 \begin{filecontents}{test.bib}
     @Book{Behrbohm2012,
        author    = {Behrbohm, Hans and Kaschke, Oliver and Nawka, Tadeus},
        title     = {Kurzlehrbuch Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heil\-kunde},
        year      = {2012},
        edition   = {2. Auflage},
        publisher = {Thieme},
        location  = {Stuttgart},
     }
     @WWW{VisuellesDenken,
         author  = {Fritsche, Olaf},
         title   = {Visuelles Denken},
        year    = {2018},
        url     = {http://www.visuelles-denken.de},
        urldate = {2018-04-08},
     }
 \end{filecontents}
 \renewcommand{\labelnamepunct}{\addcolon\space}
 \DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{last-first}
 \DeclareNameAlias{author}{sortname}
 \DeclareNameAlias{editor}{sortname}
 \DeclareNameAlias{translator}{sortname}
 \renewcommand*{\multinamedelim}{\addnbthinspace\slash\addthinspace}
 \renewcommand*{\finalnamedelim}{\multinamedelim}
 \AtEveryBibitem{%
    \clearfield{month}%
    \ifentrytype{article}
    {\clearfield{volume}
        \clearfield{number}}
    {}
 }
 \renewbibmacro*{publisher+location+date}{%
    \setunit{\addcomma\space}
    \printlist{publisher}
     \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
     \printlist{location}%
     \setunit*{\addspace}%
     \usebibmacro{date}%
     \newunit}

 \renewbibmacro*{location+date}{%
     \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
     \printlist{location}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
     \usebibmacro{date}%
     \newunit}

 \renewbibmacro*{journal+issuetitle}{%
    \usebibmacro{journal}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \iffieldundef{series}
    {}
    {\newunit
        \printfield{series}%
        \setunit{\addspace}}%
    \usebibmacro{volume+number+eid}%
    \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
    \usebibmacro{issue+date}%
    \setunit{\addcolon\space}%
    \usebibmacro{issue}%
    \newunit}

 \renewbibmacro*{issue+date}{%
    \printfield{issue}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
     \usebibmacro{date}%
     \newunit}

 \renewbibmacro*{series+number}{%
     \iffieldundef{series}
     {}
     {\printtext[parens]{%
            \printfield{series}%
            \setunit*{\addspace}%
            \printfield{number}}}}

 \setlength{\bibhang}{0pt}
 \newcommand\blfootnote[1]{%
    \begingroup
    \renewcommand\thefootnote{}\footnote{#1}%
    \addtocounter{footnote}{-1}%
    \endgroup
 }
 \DeclareFieldFormat[article]{title}{{#1}}
 \DeclareFieldFormat[thesis]{title}{{#1}}
 \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}

 \DeclareFieldFormat{url}{\url{#1}}
 \setlength{\bibitemsep}{\baselineskip}


 \expandafter\def\expandafter\UrlBreaks\expandafter{\UrlBreaks%  save the      current one
    \do\a\do\b\do\c\do\d\do\e\do\f\do\g\do\h\do\i\do\j%
    \do\k\do\l\do\m\do\n\do\o\do\p\do\q\do\r\do\s\do\t%
     \do\u\do\v\do\w\do\x\do\y\do\z\do\A\do\B\do\C\do\D%
     \do\E\do\F\do\G\do\H\do\I\do\J\do\K\do\L\do\M\do\N%
     \do\O\do\P\do\Q\do\R\do\S\do\T\do\U\do\V\do\W\do\X%
     \do\Y\do\Z}
 %\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{% 
 %  urlseen = {}, 
 %}
 \DeclareFieldFormat{urldate}{(Stand: #1)}
 \renewcommand*{\nameyeardelim}{\addcomma\space}
 \begin{document}
        \nocite{*}
        \printbibliography
 \end{document}

这产生了

Behrbohm, Hans / Kaschke, Oliver / Nawka, Tadeus (2012)：《儿童与青少年简明指南》。 2.Auflage，蒂姆，斯图加特。

Fritsche，Olaf (2018)：视觉语言。http://www.visuelles-denken.de（截止日期：2018 年 4 月 8 日）。

但我所追求的是

Behrbohm, Hans / Kaschke, Oliver / Nawka, Tadeus (2012)：《Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde 简明指南》，第 2 版，Thieme，斯图加特。

Fritsche, Olaf (2018): Visuelles Denken, (http://www.visuelles-denken.de；截止日期：2018 年 4 月 8 日）。

感谢您的帮助。

答案1

你可以在很多地方用逗号代替句号

\renewcommand*{\newunitpunct}{\addcomma\space}

对于 URL，我将使用

\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{
  urlfrom = {Stand},
}

\DeclareFieldFormat{outerurl}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{url}{\url{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{urldate}{\bibstring{urlfrom}\addcolon\space#1}

\renewbibmacro*{url+urldate}{%
  \iffieldundef{url}
    {}
    {\printtext[outerurl]{%
       \usebibmacro{url}%
       \iffieldundef{urlyear}
         {}
         {\setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
          \usebibmacro{urldate}}}}}

你还应该能够消除对\UrlBreaks如果您只是使用 URL 惩罚，就像 Audrey 回答的后半部分所解释的那样使用 biblatex 进行 URL 换行.hyperref应该最后加载。

MWE（针对当前版本进行了现代化biblatex）

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[
  backend=biber,
  style=authoryear,
]{biblatex}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}

\renewcommand*{\newunitpunct}{\addcomma\space}

\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{family-given}
\DeclareNameAlias{author}{sortname}
\DeclareNameAlias{editor}{sortname}
\DeclareNameAlias{translator}{sortname}

\DeclareDelimFormat{multinamedelim}{\addnbthinspace\slash\addthinspace}
\DeclareDelimAlias{finalnamedelim}{multinamedelim}

\DeclareDelimFormat[bib,biblist]{nametitledelim}{\addcolon\space}
\DeclareDelimFormat{nameyeardelim}{\addcomma\space}

\AtEveryBibitem{%
  \clearfield{month}%
  \ifentrytype{article}
    {\clearfield{volume}
     \clearfield{number}}
    {}}

\renewbibmacro*{publisher+location+date}{%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}
  \printlist{publisher}
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \printlist{location}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{location+date}{%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \printlist{location}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{journal+issuetitle}{%
  \usebibmacro{journal}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \iffieldundef{series}
    {}
    {\newunit
     \printfield{series}%
     \setunit{\addspace}}%
  \usebibmacro{volume+number+eid}%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \usebibmacro{issue+date}%
  \setunit{\addcolon\space}%
  \usebibmacro{issue}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{issue+date}{%
  \printfield{issue}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{series+number}{%
  \iffieldundef{series}
    {}
    {\printtext[parens]{%
       \printfield{series}%
       \setunit*{\addspace}%
       \printfield{number}}}}

\setlength{\bibhang}{0pt}
\newcommand\blfootnote[1]{%
  \begingroup
  \renewcommand\thefootnote{}\footnote{#1}%
  \addtocounter{footnote}{-1}%
  \endgroup
}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article,thesis]{title}{#1}

\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{
  urlfrom = {Stand},
}

\DeclareFieldFormat{outerurl}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{url}{\url{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{urldate}{\bibstring{urlfrom}\addcolon\space#1}

\renewbibmacro*{url+urldate}{%
  \iffieldundef{url}
    {}
    {\printtext[outerurl]{%
       \usebibmacro{url}%
       \iffieldundef{urlyear}
         {}
         {\setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
          \usebibmacro{urldate}}}}}

\setlength{\bibitemsep}{\baselineskip}

\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}


\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@Book{Behrbohm2012,
  author    = {Behrbohm, Hans and Kaschke, Oliver and Nawka, Tadeus},
  title     = {Kurzlehrbuch Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heil\-kunde},
  year      = {2012},
  edition   = {2. Auflage},
  publisher = {Thieme},
  location  = {Stuttgart},
}
@WWW{VisuellesDenken,
  author  = {Fritsche, Olaf},
  title   = {Visuelles Denken},
  year    = {2018},
  url     = {http://www.visuelles-denken.de},
  urldate = {2018-04-08},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}
  \nocite{*}
  \printbibliography
\end{document}

Behrbohm, Hans / Kaschke, Oliver / Nawka, Tadeus (2012)：《Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde 简体中文版》，第 2 版，Thieme，斯图加特。//Fritsche, Olaf (2018)：《Visuelles Denken》，(http://www.visuelles-denken.de，截止日期：2018 年 4 月 8 日)。

我也不会将书目中的悬挂缩进设置为零，悬挂缩进使得浏览书目变得更容易。我也不建议将其设置\parindent为零，请参阅https://komascript.de/node/2199（用德语，因为您的文档是德文，所以我假设您可以读懂德文，如果读不懂，我很抱歉）。

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