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如何在 Tikz 中裁剪形状

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如何在 Tikz 中裁剪形状

我找到了一个使用 Tikz 绘制爆炸的好方法（TiKZ：“手绘”大爆发）

但是，我只需要这个形状的上半部分。我该如何裁剪下半部分？

这是我绘图的一些代码，目的是在井底制造爆炸。

\begin{tikzpicture}
%-> DRAW THE EXPLOSION
\node[starburst, draw, minimum width=0.3cm, minimum height=0.4cm, red, fill=orange] at (0,0) {};

%-> DEFINE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PARABOLAS
\def\v0{7.5}
\def\fcn#1{tan(#1)*abs(\x) - 9.8*(\x)^2/(2*(\v0*cos(#1))^2)}
\def\Fcn{(\v0)^2/19.6 - 9.8*(\x)^2/(2*(\v0)^2)}
\def\xrange#1{(\v0)^2*sin(2*#1)/9.8}

%-> DRAW THE WELL
\def\well#1{
    \foreach \x in {#1}
        \fill[gray!25,opacity=0.25]
            ({-#1},{\Fcn}) rectangle({-\xrange{45}},0)
            ({#1},{\Fcn}) rectangle({\xrange{45}},0)
            ;
    \foreach \x in {#1}
        \draw[gray]
            ({-#1},0)--
                ({-#1},{\Fcn})--
                ({-\xrange{45}},{\Fcn})
            ({#1},0)--
                ({#1},{\Fcn})--
                ({\xrange{45}},{\Fcn})
            ;
}
\def\wellrad{2}
\well{\wellrad}

%-> DRAW THE PARABOLAS
\def\myplot#1#2{
    \draw[samples=100,domain=-\xrange{#1}:\xrange{#1},#2]
        plot (\x, {\fcn{#1}});
}
\myplot{75}{dotted,gray}
\myplot{60}{dotted,gray}
\myplot{45}{dash dot,gray}
\myplot{30}{dashed,gray}
\myplot{15}{dashed,gray}
\draw[thick,domain=-\xrange{45}:\xrange{45}]
    plot (\x, {\Fcn});

%-> DRAW THE AXIS
%... horizontal
\draw[->, very thick]
    ({-\xrange{45}-0.5},0)--
        ({\xrange{45}+0.5},0) node[below]{$x$}
    ;
%... vertical
\draw[->, very thick]
    (0,0)--
        (0,{\xrange{45}/2+0.5}) node[left]{$y$}
    ;

%-> DRAW THE NODES
\draw
    ({-\wellrad},0) node[below]{$-R$}
    (0,0) node[below]{0}
    ({\wellrad},0) node[below]{$R$}
    ;
\foreach \x in {\wellrad}
    \draw[<->, very thick]
    ({-\xrange{45}-0.2},0)--
        ({-\xrange{45}-0.2},{\Fcn}) node[midway, left]{$h$}
    ;
\end{tikzpicture}

答案1

您可以只剪辑星爆。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%-> DRAW THE EXPLOSION
\begin{scope}
\clip (-2,0) rectangle (2,2);
\node[starburst, draw, minimum width=0.3cm, minimum height=0.4cm, red, fill=orange] at (0,0) {};
\end{scope}

%-> DEFINE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PARABOLAS
\def\v0{7.5}
\def\fcn#1{tan(#1)*abs(\x) - 9.8*(\x)^2/(2*(\v0*cos(#1))^2)}
\def\Fcn{(\v0)^2/19.6 - 9.8*(\x)^2/(2*(\v0)^2)}
\def\xrange#1{(\v0)^2*sin(2*#1)/9.8}

%-> DRAW THE WELL
\def\well#1{
    \foreach \x in {#1}
        \fill[gray!25,opacity=0.25]
            ({-#1},{\Fcn}) rectangle({-\xrange{45}},0)
            ({#1},{\Fcn}) rectangle({\xrange{45}},0)
            ;
    \foreach \x in {#1}
        \draw[gray]
            ({-#1},0)--
                ({-#1},{\Fcn})--
                ({-\xrange{45}},{\Fcn})
            ({#1},0)--
                ({#1},{\Fcn})--
                ({\xrange{45}},{\Fcn})
            ;
}
\def\wellrad{2}
\well{\wellrad}

%-> DRAW THE PARABOLAS
\def\myplot#1#2{
    \draw[samples=100,domain=-\xrange{#1}:\xrange{#1},#2]
        plot (\x, {\fcn{#1}});
}
\myplot{75}{dotted,gray}
\myplot{60}{dotted,gray}
\myplot{45}{dash dot,gray}
\myplot{30}{dashed,gray}
\myplot{15}{dashed,gray}
\draw[thick,domain=-\xrange{45}:\xrange{45}]
    plot (\x, {\Fcn});

%-> DRAW THE AXIS
%... horizontal
\draw[->, very thick]
    ({-\xrange{45}-0.5},0)--
        ({\xrange{45}+0.5},0) node[below]{$x$}
    ;
%... vertical
\draw[->, very thick]
    (0,0)--
        (0,{\xrange{45}/2+0.5}) node[left]{$y$}
    ;

%-> DRAW THE NODES
\draw
    ({-\wellrad},0) node[below]{$-R$}
    (0,0) node[below]{0}
    ({\wellrad},0) node[below]{$R$}
    ;
\foreach \x in {\wellrad}
    \draw[<->, very thick]
    ({-\xrange{45}-0.2},0)--
        ({-\xrange{45}-0.2},{\Fcn}) node[midway, left]{$h$}
    ;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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