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新答案

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tkz-euclide
新答案

以下代码使用 tikz 绘制一个以给定中心 X 和圆周上的点 Z 为圆心的圆。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{through}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
   \coordinate [label=left:$X$] (X) at (0,0);
   \coordinate [label=left:$Y$] (Y) at (1,0); 
   \coordinate [label=left:$Z$] (Z) at (2,3);
   \node[draw,circle through=(Z)] at (X) {};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

当焦点为 X 和 Y 且圆周上有一个点 Z 时，如何使用 tikz (或 tkz-euclide) 绘制椭圆？换句话说，如何绘制一个焦点为 X 和 Y 且通过点 Z 的椭圆？

答案1

新答案

原始帖子从未提及任何有关缩放的内容。如果您不介意加载xintexpr（提供高精度计算），那么这里有一个替代方案可以满足您的额外缩放要求。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{xintexpr}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
   \def\Xx{0}\def\Xy{0}
   \def\Yx{1}\def\Yy{0}
   \def\Zx{2}\def\Zy{3}
   \coordinate [label=left:$X$] (X) at (\Xx,\Xy);
   \coordinate [label=left:$Y$] (Y) at (\Yx,\Yy);
   \coordinate [label=left:$Z$] (Z) at (\Zx,\Zy);
   \edef\fixedtotallength{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       sqrt((\Zx-\Xx)^2+(\Zy-\Xy)^2)+sqrt((\Zx-\Yx)^2+(\Zy-\Yy)^2)
         \relax\relax
   }
   \edef\majoraxisradius{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       \fixedtotallength/2
         \relax\relax
   }
   \edef\focidistance{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       sqrt((\Yx-\Xx)^2+(\Yy-\Xy)^2)
         \relax\relax
   }
   \edef\minoraxisradius{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       sqrt((\fixedtotallength/2)^2-(\focidistance/2)^2)
         \relax\relax
   }
   \pgfmathsetmacro\majoraxisangle{%
     atan((\Yy-\Xy)/(\Yx-\Xx))
   }
   \draw[rotate=\majoraxisangle]
     ($(X)!0.5!(Y)$) ellipse ({\majoraxisradius} and {\minoraxisradius});
   \filldraw[red] (X) circle (2pt) (Y) circle (2pt) (Z) circle (2pt);
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5]
   \def\Xx{0}\def\Xy{0}
   \def\Yx{3}\def\Yy{2}
   \def\Zx{2}\def\Zy{3}
   \coordinate [label=left:$X$] (X) at (\Xx,\Xy);
   \coordinate [label=left:$Y$] (Y) at (\Yx,\Yy);
   \coordinate [label=left:$Z$] (Z) at (\Zx,\Zy);
   \edef\fixedtotallength{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       sqrt((\Zx-\Xx)^2+(\Zy-\Xy)^2)+sqrt((\Zx-\Yx)^2+(\Zy-\Yy)^2)
         \relax\relax
   }
   \edef\majoraxisradius{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       \fixedtotallength/2
         \relax\relax
   }
   \edef\focidistance{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       sqrt((\Yx-\Xx)^2+(\Yy-\Xy)^2)
         \relax\relax
   }
   \edef\minoraxisradius{%
     \xintthefloatexpr\xintexpr
       sqrt((\fixedtotallength/2)^2-(\focidistance/2)^2)
         \relax\relax
   }
   \pgfmathsetmacro\majoraxisangle{%
     atan((\Yy-\Xy)/(\Yx-\Xx))
   }
   \draw[rotate=\majoraxisangle]
     ($(X)!0.5!(Y)$) ellipse ({\majoraxisradius} and {\minoraxisradius});
   \filldraw[red] (X) circle (2pt) (Y) circle (2pt) (Z) circle (2pt);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

椭圆形

旧答案

我们总是可以自己做计算。:)

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
   \coordinate [label=left:$X$] (X) at (0,0);
     \pgfgetlastxy{\Xx}{\Xy}
   \coordinate [label=left:$Y$] (Y) at (3,2);% changed for testing
     \pgfgetlastxy{\Yx}{\Yy}
   \coordinate [label=left:$Z$] (Z) at (2,3);
     \pgfgetlastxy{\Zx}{\Zy}
   \pgfmathsetmacro{\fixedtotallength}{%
     sqrt((\Zx-\Xx)^2+(\Zy-\Xy)^2)+sqrt((\Zx-\Yx)^2+(\Zy-\Yy)^2)
   }
   \pgfmathsetmacro{\majoraxisradius}{%
     \fixedtotallength/2
   }
   \pgfmathsetmacro{\focidistance}{%
     sqrt((\Yx-\Xx)^2+(\Yy-\Xy)^2)
   }
   \pgfmathsetmacro{\minoraxisradius}{%
     sqrt((\fixedtotallength/2)^2-(\focidistance/2)^2)
   }
   \pgfmathsetmacro{\majoraxisangle}{%
     atan((\Yy-\Xy)/(\Yx-\Xx))
   }
   \draw[rotate=\majoraxisangle]
     ($(X)!0.5!(Y)$) ellipse ({\majoraxisradius pt} and {\minoraxisradius pt});
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

椭圆

如果焦点垂直对齐，则此方法无效。但我确信您可以设法将\majoraxisangle计算更改为\minoraxisangle计算。

答案2

这在精神上与张瑞熙的回答类似，计算的辅助量少一些（它使用的只是给定点与焦点的距离之和是一个常数的事实），也许更多的 Ti钾Zy，也就是说，你需要做的就是说

\draw[ellipse through=X and Y and Z];

通过这些点画一个椭圆，或者

\node[elliptical node through=X and Y and Z,draw]{hello};

绘制椭圆节点，其中X和Y是焦点，Z是附加点。但是，如果您尝试传递一些（好吧，我们称它们为不寻常的）坐标，则会出现错误dimension too large。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{through,calc,shapes.geometric}

\tikzset{ellipse through/.style args={#1 and #2 and #3}{
insert path={let \p1=(#1),\p2=(#2),\p3=(#3),
\n1={veclen(\x1-\x3,\y1-\y3)},
\n2={veclen(\x2-\x3,\y2-\y3)},
\n3={veclen(\x1-\x2,\y1-\y2)},
\n4={sqrt((\n1+\n2)^2-(\n3)^2)/2},
\n5={atan2(\y2-\y1,\x2-\x1)} in 
%\pgfextra{\typeout{\n1,\n2,\n3,\n4,\n5}}
 ($(#1)!0.5!(#2)$) 
 [rotate around={\n5:($(#1)!0.5!(#2)$)}]circle({(\n1+\n2)/2} and {\n4})
}}}
\tikzset{/tikz/my ellipse a/.store in=\myella,
/tikz/my ellipse b/.store in=\myellb,
/tikz/my ellipse angle/.store in=\myellangle,
set ellipse pars/.code={
\tikzset{my ellipse a={\n6},
my ellipse b={\n4},my ellipse angle=\n5}
},
elliptical node through/.style args={#1 and #2 and #3}{
insert path={let \p1=(#1),\p2=(#2),\p3=(#3),
\n1={veclen(\x1-\x3,\y1-\y3)},
\n2={veclen(\x2-\x3,\y2-\y3)},
\n3={veclen(\x1-\x2,\y1-\y2)},
\n4={sqrt((\n1+\n2)^2-(\n3)^2)/2},
\n5={atan2(\y2-\y1,\x2-\x1)},
\n6={(\n1+\n2)/2} in [set ellipse pars]},
ellipse,
rotate=\myellangle,
minimum width=2*\myella,
minimum height=2*\myellb,
at={($(#1)!0.5!(#2)$)}}}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
   \coordinate [label=left:$X$] (X) at (0,0);
   \coordinate [label=left:$Y$] (Y) at (2,1); 
   \coordinate [label=left:$Z$] (Z) at (2,2);
   \node[draw,circle through=(Z)] at (X) {};
   \draw[ellipse through=X and Y and Z];
   \foreach \X in {X,Y,Z}
   {\fill (\X) circle (1pt);}
\begin{scope}[xshift=7.5cm]   
   \coordinate [label=left:$X$] (X) at (0,0);
   \coordinate [label=left:$Y$] (Y) at (3,1); 
   \coordinate [label=left:$Z$] (Z) at (3,0);
   \node[draw,circle through=(Z)] at (X) {};
   \node[elliptical node through=X and Y and Z,draw]{hello};
   \foreach \X in {X,Y,Z}
   {\fill (\X) circle (1pt);}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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