裁剪图像 - Tikz

Question

我在 TikZ 上创建了一个图形，它被外框裁剪了。是否可以调整其大小以显示整个图形？图像和代码位于以下 URL 上。

图像：https://i.stack.imgur.com/yEIlq.jpg

代码：[编辑]

\begin{figure}[h]
    \centering
    \label{fig:pendulum}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[thick,>=latex,->]
        \vspace{10in}
        \clip(-4.6, -1.7) rectangle (4.6, 4.6);

        % Trajectory projection
        \draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (4.2cm);
        \filldraw[white] (-4.6, -4.6) rectangle (4.6,0);
        \filldraw[white] (-4.6, 0) rectangle (0, 4.6);

        % Bar
        \draw[double distance=5mm, -] (3.15, 2.8) -- (0, 7);
        \draw[double distance=5mm, -] (0,0) -- (3.2, 3.2);

        % Motor
        \draw[fill=white] (1.2,-1.0) -- (.5,0) arc(180:360:-0.5) -- (-1.2, -1.0) -- cycle;
        \draw[draw=black,fill=white] (0, 0) circle circle (.15cm);

        % Wheels
        \draw (0.7, -1.2) circle (2mm);
        \draw (-0.7, -1.2) circle (2mm);

        % Base
        \draw[pattern=north east lines] (-1.7, -1.6) rectangle (1.7, -1.4);

        % Joints
        \draw[draw=black,fill=white] (0, 0) circle circle (.15cm);
        \draw[draw=black,fill=white] (3, 3) circle circle (.15cm);

        \draw [dashed, --] (0, 0) -- (2, 2);
        \draw [dashed, --] (0, 0) -- (0, 2);

        \draw [dashed, --] (3, 3) -- (3, 5);
        \draw [dashed, --] (3, 3) -- (0, 7);

        % Axis
        \draw[->] (2.6, 0) -- (3.6,0) node[below]{\texttt{x}};
        \draw[->] (2.6, 0) -- (2.6, 1) node[above]{\texttt{y}};
    }%

        % Angle
        \draw[thick, -] (0.7, 0.7) arc (45:90:1);
        \node at (.5, 1.5) {\Large $\theta_1$};

        \draw[thick, -] (3, 3.7) arc (90:135:0.6);
        \node at (2.7, 4.6) {\Large $\theta_2$};

    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{Desenho esquemático do modelo}
\end{figure}

我提前致谢。致以最诚挚的问候。

Answer 1

正如我在上面的评论中提到的，并且 Zarko 也使用过，裁剪来自 clip 命令。这提出了一个问题，为什么首先有一个剪辑。我认为这很有可能与以下几行有关

    \draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (4.2cm);
    \filldraw[white] (-4.6, -4.6) rectangle (4.6,0);
    \filldraw[white] (-4.6, 0) rectangle (0, 4.6);

画一个完整的圆，然后用白色覆盖四分之三。实现相同效果的更优雅的方法是只画一个圆弧

        \draw[dashed] (4.2,0) arc (0:90:4.2);

而是。这导致了 MWE（其中我还删除了 vspace，正如 @daleif 所建议的，并由 @Zarko 使用，但未注明来源）

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
    \centering
    \label{fig:pendulum}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[thick,>=latex,->]

        % Trajectory projection
        \draw[dashed] (4.2,0) arc (0:90:4.2);

        % Bar
        \draw[double distance=5mm, -] (3.15, 2.8) -- (0, 7);
        \draw[double distance=5mm, -] (0,0) -- (3.2, 3.2);

        % Motor
        \draw[fill=white] (1.2,-1.0) -- (.5,0) arc(180:360:-0.5) -- (-1.2, -1.0) -- cycle;
        \draw[draw=black,fill=white] (0, 0) circle circle (.15cm);

        % Wheels
        \draw (0.7, -1.2) circle (2mm);
        \draw (-0.7, -1.2) circle (2mm);

        % Base
        \draw[pattern=north east lines] (-1.7, -1.6) rectangle (1.7, -1.4);

        % Joints
        \draw[draw=black,fill=white] (0, 0) circle circle (.15cm);
        \draw[draw=black,fill=white] (3, 3) circle circle (.15cm);

        \draw [dashed, -] (0, 0) -- (2, 2);
        \draw [dashed, -] (0, 0) -- (0, 2);

        \draw [dashed, -] (3, 3) -- (3, 5);
        \draw [dashed, -] (3, 3) -- (0, 7);

        % Axis
        \draw[->] (2.6, 0) -- (3.6,0) node[below]{\texttt{x}};
        \draw[->] (2.6, 0) -- (2.6, 1) node[above]{\texttt{y}};

        % Angle
        \draw[thick, -] (0.7, 0.7) arc (45:90:1);
        \node at (.5, 1.5) {\Large $\theta_1$};

        \draw[thick, -] (3, 3.7) arc (90:135:0.6);
        \node at (2.7, 4.6) {\Large $\theta_2$};

    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{Desenho esquem\'atico do modelo}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

我通过添加以下内容仔细检查了边界框是否正确

    \draw (current bounding box.south west) rectangle (current bounding
    box.north east);

Answer 2

• 你的代码片段有错误
• 不清楚你为什么使用\vspace{10in}里面的图片。它对图像没有任何影响
• 消除错误并纠正\clipi 的大小可获得以下结果：

注意：这样字体就不会缩放

如果图片由于某种原因太大，您可以添加scale选项tikzpicture：

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8, .... ]

我不知道这张图片如何适合您的文档。要查看它，您需要提供一个具有真实文档布局的文档示例。