我有以下问题。我想创建以下图表
到目前为止，我知道如何用 latex 创建图表。但我不知道如何插入系列点。这是我的解决方案。它看起来与上面的图表相似，但没有点。希望有人能帮助我
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb, amsthm, dsfont, bbm}
\usepackage{pgf}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,automata}
\begin{document}
\[
\begin{tikzpicture}[->,>=stealth',shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=4cm,
semithick]
\tikzstyle{every state}=[fill=red,draw=none,text=white]
\node[state] (A) {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (B) [below of=A] {$A_{2}(1)$};
\node[state] (C) [below of=B] {$A_{1}(1)$};
\node[state] (D) [below of=C] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (E) [right of=A] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (F) [right of=B] {$A_{2}(2)$};
\node[state] (G) [right of=C] {$A_{1}(2)$};
\node[state] (H) [right of=D] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (I) [right of=E] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (J) [right of=F] {$A_{2}(m)$};
\node[state] (K) [right of=G] {$A_{1}(m)$};
\node[state] (L) [right of=H] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (M) [right of=J] {$A_{2}(m+1)$};
\path (B) edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}\{\omega\}}$} (A)
edge [loop left] node {$\QAt$} (B)
edge node {$\QAto$} (C)
(C) edge [loop left] node {$\QAo$} (C)
edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}\{\omega\}}$} (D)
edge [right] node {$\QAot$} (F)
(F) edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}\{\omega\}}$} (E)
edge [loop left] node {$\QAt$} (F)
edge node {$\QAto$} (G)
(G) edge [loop left] node {$\QAo$} (G)
edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}\{\omega\}}$} (H)
(J) edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}\{\omega\}}$} (I)
edge [loop left] node {$\QAt$} (J)
edge node {$\QAto$} (K)
(K) edge [loop left] node {$\QAo$} (K)
edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}\{\omega\}}$} (L)
edge [right] node {$\QAot$} (M)
(M) edge [loop left] node {$\I$} (M);
\end{tikzpicture}
\]
\end{document}
我的图表如下所示
我定义了以下命令：
\newcommand{\QAt}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}A_{2}}}
\newcommand{\QAo}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}A_{1}}}
\newcommand{\QAot}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}A_{2}}}
\newcommand{\QAto}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}A_{1}}}
\newcommand{\QAtC}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}C}}
\newcommand{\I}{\mathbf{I}}
我如何创建图中的三个点？
答案1
欢迎来到 TeX.SE！这很简单。但是，这个答案是告诉你，你的相对定位方式有点过时了，最好使用库来实现positioning这一点，任务会变得更加简单。同样，arrows被 取代arrows.meta。
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb, amsthm, dsfont, bbm}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,automata,positioning}
\newcommand{\QAt}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}A_{2}}}
\newcommand{\QAo}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}A_{1}}}
\newcommand{\QAot}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}A_{2}}}
\newcommand{\QAto}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}A_{1}}}
\newcommand{\QAtC}{\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}C}}
\newcommand{\I}{\mathbf{I}}
\begin{document}
\[
\begin{tikzpicture}[->,>=Stealth,shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=2cm,
semithick]
\tikzset{every state/.append style={fill=red,draw=none,text=white}}
\node[state] (A) {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (B) [below=of A] {$A_{2}(1)$};
\node[state] (C) [below=of B] {$A_{1}(1)$};
\node[state] (D) [below=of C] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (F) [right=of B] {$A_{2}(2)$};
\node[state] (E) [above=of F] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (G) [below=of F] {$A_{1}(2)$};
\node[state] (H) [below=of G] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (J) [right=of F] {$A_{2}(m)$};
\node[state] (I) [above=of J] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (K) [below=of J] {$A_{1}(m)$};
\node[state] (L) [below=of K] {$\{\omega\}$};
\node[state] (M) [right=of J] {$A_{2}(m+1)$};
\path (B) edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}\{\omega\}}$} (A)
edge [loop left] node {$\QAt$} (B)
edge node {$\QAto$} (C)
(C) edge [loop left] node {$\QAo$} (C)
edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}\{\omega\}}$} (D)
edge [right] node {$\QAot$} (F)
(F) edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}\{\omega\}}$} (E)
edge [loop left] node {$\QAt$} (F)
edge node(aux) {$\QAto$} (G)
(G) edge [loop left] node {$\QAo$} (G)
edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}\{\omega\}}$} (H)
(J) edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{2}\{\omega\}}$} (I)
edge [loop left] node {$\QAt$} (J)
edge node {$\QAto$} (K)
(K) edge [loop left] node {$\QAo$} (K)
edge node {$\mathbf{Q}_{A_{1}\{\omega\}}$} (L)
edge [right] node {$\QAot$} (M)
(M) edge [loop left] node {$\I$} (M);
\node[right=2mm of aux,font=\bfseries\Huge]{\dots};
\end{tikzpicture}
\]
\end{document}
