\begin{figure}[H] 中的子浮点图形与文本重叠

Question

\documentclass[sort&compress, 5p,draft]{elsarticle}
\usepackage{lineno}
\journal{Journal of \LaTeX\ Templates}
\usepackage{subfig}
\usepackage{pgf,tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{float}
\captionsetup[subfigure]{subrefformat=simple,labelformat=simple,listofformat=subsimple}
\renewcommand\thesubfigure{(\alph{subfigure})}

\begin{document}

%\begin{figure}[]
%\begin{figure*}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\subfloat[1]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{1.eps} \label{a}
}
\subfloat[2]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{2.eps} \label{b}
}
\subfloat[3]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{3.eps} \label{c}
}\\
\subfloat[4]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{4.eps} \label{d}
}
\subfloat[5]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.30 in, width=2.3 in]{5.eps} \label{e}
}
\subfloat[6]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.30 in, width=2.3 in]{6.eps} \label{f}
}
\caption{Dynamic analysis iteration convergence properties: Approach 1. The energy tolerance is plotted against the time at every BGS iterations.} \label{n-r_energy_tol_error_app1_dyn}
\end{figure}
%\end{figure*}

\section{Dynamic analysis}
In this section, we demonstrate a comprehensive and systematic performances evaluation
of various numerical coupled algorithms based on accuracy and computational efficiency
to study the electric filed and structure interaction. The evaluated linear piezoelectric finite
element algorithms are 1) the monolithic coupling with Newmark’s time integration, 2) block
Jacobi partitioned iterative coupling with Newmark’s time integration, 3) block Gauss-Seidel
partitioned iterative coupling with Newmark’s time integration, 4) non iterative partitioned
coupling with central difference time integration. Using these algorithms, the static, dynamic
step responses and transient dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric bimorph actuator are
predicted accurately. The static and dynamic behaviors of the model from numerical and
analytic results are compared with each other. It is shown from these results that the numerical
analysis using the proposed algorithms takes into account the interaction of the structure-electric
field of the piezoelectric actuator accurately. The performances of the proposed algorithms
have been depicted in the present simulation results. The performances of these finite element
coupled algorithms are evaluated based on the accuracy of the solution and the computational
cost for piezoelectric bimorph actuators without metal shim, bimorph actuators with metal shim
(triple layer actuator), and surface acoustic wave devices. Their transient dynamic responses
are demonstrated together with the static and steady-state responses.

Here we present the numerical results obtained using the proposed finite element coupled
algorithms for piezoelectric bimorph actuator problems. These piezoelectric bimorph actuators
have a very wide area of applications and recently they have are used to actuate the insect-scale
robots [15, 17]. The piezoelectric bimorph actuators consist of a double layer of piezoelectric ceramic joined together over their long surfaces. Usually, a metal shim is attached between the two
piezoelectric ceramic in-order to enhance the reliability and mechanical strength. This type of
the piezoelectric bimorph actuator is called as bimorph actuators with metal shim or triple layer
actuator [22]. The classification of piezoelectric bimorph actuators are depicted in Fig. 2.9.
In general, two types of electrical connections are practically used in the configuration of
the bimorph actuator shown in Fig. 2.10. One is a series connection, where the piezoelectric
layers have opposite polarization directions, and an electric field is applied across the thickness
of the bimorph as shown in Figs. 2.10(a) and 2.10(c). The second type of connection is a
parallel connection, where the two piezoelectric ceramic layers have a polarization in the same
directions, and the electric field is applied across each individual layer with opposite polarity as
shown in Figs. 2.10(b) and 2.10(d). Due to the symmetrical structure, in both the case when an
electric field is applied to the piezoelectric layers, the induced electric forces in the upper half
thickness is canceled by that of the lower half thickness. Hence, for the given configurations in
Fig. 2.10 the upper piezoelectric layer contracts and lower piezoelectric layer expands, resulting
in a pure bending in the upward direction [22, 23]. Length, width and thickness directions of
the bimorph actuator are assigned as X , Y , and Z axes, respectively. Directional parameters of
\end{document}

亲爱的会员，在此 latex 代码中，我使用 \begin{figure}[H] 来定位图形。看来文本和图形重叠了。此外，我尝试使用 \begin{figure*}，但它们并不相互重叠。但是，\begin{figure*} 在图形后留有空白。我如何在同一页中使用图形后留下的空白。非常感谢。

Answer 1

您强制将三个数字排成一行，然后换行（使用\\），然后再排三个数字，但由于您将宽度设置为 2.35 英寸，因此一列不可能容纳三个数字。您可以垂直设置它们：

\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\subfloat[1]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{1.eps} \label{a}
}

\subfloat[2]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{2.eps} \label{b}
}

\subfloat[3]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{3.eps} \label{c}
}

\subfloat[4]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.40 in, width=2.35 in]{4.eps} \label{d}
}

\subfloat[5]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.30 in, width=2.3 in]{5.eps} \label{e}
}

\subfloat[6]
{
  \includegraphics[height=2.30 in, width=2.3 in]{6.eps} \label{f}
}
\caption{Dynamic analysis iteration convergence properties: Approach 1. The energy tolerance is plotted against the time at every BGS iterations.} \label{n-r_energy_tol_error_app1_dyn}
\end{figure}

但这样一来，整个图形对于整个页面来说就太高了。您需要决定是将它们垂直放置但缩小尺寸，还是将它们两三个排成一行，figure*与整个页面齐平figure，或者采用您需要的其他布局。