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论文格式为双栏时如何将表格放在整页中

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论文格式为双栏时如何将表格放在整页中

我使用的是双栏纸张格式，并且有以下两个要求。首先，我需要表格横跨整个文档的宽度，而不仅仅是一栏。其次，如果表格的长度超过页面高度，则应正确拆分。

请帮忙。

\documentclass[5p,times,authoryear]{elsarticle}
\usepackage{ecrc_RIAI}
\usepackage[spanish]{babel}     % Idioma
\addto\captionsspanish{%
\def\tablename{Tabla}%
}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc
\usepackage{amsmath}            
\usepackage{epstopdf}           
\usepackage{flushend}    
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[figuresright]{rotating}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{supertabular,booktabs}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{cuted, ragged2e}
\usepackage{lipsum, array, booktabs, multirow, caption, float,xtab}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{makecell}
\renewcommand\theadalign{lc}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\bfseries}
\renewcommand\cellalign{lc}
\setcellgapes{3pt}
\usepackage{cellspace}
\setlength\cellspacetoplimit{5pt}
\setlength\cellspacebottomlimit{5pt}
\cellset{\color{red}}

\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{xtabular}{l l l l l l l}

Controller Name & Language & Developer organization & Version & Open Source &   Overview & Reference \\\hline
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  NTT,OSRG group & 1.5 &  Yes & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
Controller Name & Language & Developer organization & Version & Open Source &   Overview & Reference \\\hline
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  NTT,OSRG group & 1.5 &  Yes & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
Controller Name & Language & Developer organization & Version & Open Source &   Overview & Reference \\\hline
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  NTT,OSRG group & 1.5 &  Yes & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
Controller Name & Language & Developer organization & Version & Open Source &   Overview & Reference \\\hline
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  NTT,OSRG group & 1.5 &  Yes & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
Controller Name & Language & Developer organization & Version & Open Source &   Overview & Reference \\\hline
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  NTT,OSRG group & 1.5 &  Yes & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
Controller Name & Language & Developer organization & Version & Open Source &   Overview & Reference \\\hline
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  NTT,OSRG group & 1.5 &  Yes & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN. & ~\cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
 \hline
\end{xtabular}
\end{center}
\bibliographystyle{elsarticle-harv}
\bibliography{References.bib}
\end{document}

答案1

到目前为止，我已经能够将您的表格变成下一个形式：

在此处输入图片描述

为了实现这一目标，我做了以下工作：

  • 从序言中删除所有编写表格不需要的包（有些包加载了两次……你真的需要所有这些包吗？
  • 使用X列类型（来自包tabularx）作为包含长文本的单元格的列，否则这些文本会溢出页面
  • 使用包中的宏\thead使列标题更短（使用两行），并且使第三列中的一些单元格更短makecellmakecell
  • 使用\small字体大小使多行单元格中的文本在单元格中更好地显示

通过这种测量方法，表格（如您在上图中所见）与文本宽度紧密贴合，并放置在一页上。

\documentclass[5p,times,authoryear]{elsarticle}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage[spanish]{babel}     % Idioma

\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{booktabs, makecell, tabularx}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\renewcommand\theadalign{bc}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\small\bfseries}
\renewcommand\theadgape{}
\setcellgapes{3pt}
\renewcommand\cellalign{tl}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table*}
\caption{My huge table ...}
\label{fig:myhugetable}
    \small
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{} ll  ll  l  X l @{}}
    \toprule
\thead{Controller\\ Name}
    &   \thead{Language}
        &   \thead{Developer\\ organization}
            &   \thead{Version}
                & \thead{Open\\ Source}
                    &   \thead{Overview}
                        &   \thead{Reference}       \\
    \midrule
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\

POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\

POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\

POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\

POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\

POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\

POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table*}
%\bibliographystyle{elsarticle-harv}
%\bibliography{References.bib}
\end{document}

编辑： 如果实际表格比上面考虑的更长，那么我建议如下：

  • 手动将表拆分为两部分
  • 使用包\ContinuedFloat中的宏caption在两个表格部分中保留相同的标题编号。

  • stfloats使用能够将表定位在插入到的同一包的底部的包：

    \documentclass[5p,times,authoryear]{elsarticle}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage[spanish]{babel}     
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{booktabs, makecell, tabularx}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\renewcommand\theadalign{bc}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\small\bfseries}
\renewcommand\theadgape{}
\setcellgapes{3pt}
\renewcommand\cellalign{tl}

\usepackage{stfloats}

\usepackage{lipsum} % for dummy text

\begin{document}
\lipsum[1-4]
    \begin{table*}[b] % <---
    \makegapedcells   % <---
\caption{My huge table ... (first part)}
\label{fig:myhugetable}
    \small
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{} ll  ll  l  X l @{}}
    \toprule
\thead{Controller\\ Name}
    &   \thead{Language}
        &   \thead{Developer\\ organization}
            &   \thead{Version}
                & \thead{Open\\ Source}
                    &   \thead{Overview}
                        &   \thead{Reference}       \\
    \midrule
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
% ...
    \bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
    \end{table*}

    \begin{table*}[t]   % <---
    \ContinuedFloat     % <---
    \makegapedcells
\caption{My huge table ... (second part)}
\label{fig:myhugetable}
    \small
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{} ll  ll  l  X l @{}}
    \toprule
\thead{Controller\\ Name}
    &   \thead{Language}
        &   \thead{Developer\\ organization}
            &   \thead{Version}
                & \thead{Open\\ Source}
                    &   \thead{Overview}
                        &   \thead{Reference}       \\
    \midrule
POX & Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & An Open Flow controller is being supported via SDN controller in general.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_mccauley_nodate}[20],[29]\\
NOX & C++/Python & Nicira & 1.0 & Yes
        & It is open flow controller. Current NOX is written in C++ and Classic NOX is written in C++ and Python.
        & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,gude_nox:_2008}  [20],[30]\\
RYU & Python &  \makecell{NTT,\\OSRG group} & 1.5 &  Yes
        & It is SDN OS which provides the centralized control logically. The open Flow v1.0, v1.2 and v1.3 are supported by component RYU that is based on framework of SDN.
            & \cite{masoudi_software_2016,noauthor_ryu_nodate}    [20],[31]\\
% ...
    \bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table*}
\lipsum[5-15]
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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