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表格环境 - 文本垂直放置在相邻单元格中 tikz 图片的底部

tag-icon • tag-icon tables vertical-alignment
表格环境 - 文本垂直放置在相邻单元格中 tikz 图片的底部

我想让我的文本（实际上是一个矩阵）在其单元格中垂直居中。相反，它根据相邻单元格中 tikz 图片的底部位置居中。这会给我想消除的表格增加不必要的高度。有什么方法可以强制文本列与 tikz 图片的中心对齐或完全忽略 tikz 图片？

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}   
\newcommand{\pic}{
 {\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[x=1cm,y=1cm]
    \useasboundingbox (0,.5) rectangle (3, -2);
    \draw (current bounding box.north east) -- (current bounding box.north west) -- (current bounding box.south west) -- (current bounding box.south east) -- cycle;
    \end{tikzpicture}}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{| c | c | c |} \hline
Initial Pic             &   Final Pic & U \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    & \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    &                   $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\pic    &   that    &
                                        $\text{U} = .5 \begin{bmatrix}
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
this    & that      &               $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\end{tabular}                                           
\end{document}

桌子

答案1

您可以使用baseline=(current bounding box.center)来实现所需的对齐，如下面的代码所示：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}   
\newcommand{\pic}{
 {\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[x=1cm,y=1cm,baseline=(current bounding box.center)]
    \useasboundingbox (0,.5) rectangle (3, -2);
    \draw (current bounding box.north east) -- (current bounding box.north west) -- (current bounding box.south west) -- (current bounding box.south east) -- cycle;
    \end{tikzpicture}}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{| c | c | c |} \hline
Initial Pic             &   Final Pic & U \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    & \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    &                   $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\pic    &   that    &
                                        $\text{U} = .5 \begin{bmatrix}
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
this    & that      &               $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\end{tabular}                                           
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

由于图像的边框现在与水平线重叠，您可能需要添加一些额外的垂直空间（如这里使用包所做的那样cellspace）：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\usepackage{cellspace}
\setlength\cellspacetoplimit{6pt}
\setlength\cellspacebottomlimit{6pt}

\usepackage{tikz}   
\newcommand{\pic}{
 {\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[x=1cm,y=1cm,baseline=(current bounding box.center)]
    \useasboundingbox (0,.5) rectangle (3, -2);
    \draw (current bounding box.north east) -- (current bounding box.north west) -- (current bounding box.south west) -- (current bounding box.south east) -- cycle;
    \end{tikzpicture}}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{| Sc | Sc | Sc |} \hline
Initial Pic             &   Final Pic & U \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    & \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    &                   $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\pic    &   that    &
                                        $\text{U} = .5 \begin{bmatrix}
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
this    & that      &               $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\end{tabular}                                           
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

使用可选参数修复 tikzpicture 的基线：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}   
\newcommand{\pic}[1][-17pt]
 {\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[x=1cm,y=1cm,baseline=#1]
    \useasboundingbox (0,.5) rectangle (3, -2);
    \draw (current bounding box.north east) -- (current bounding box.north west) -- (current bounding box.south west) -- (current bounding box.south east) -- cycle;
    \end{tikzpicture}%
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{| c | c | c |} \hline
Initial Pic             &   Final Pic & U \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    & \\ \hline
\pic    &   \pic    &                   $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\pic[-25pt]    &   that    &
                                        $\text{U} = .5 \begin{bmatrix}
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
this    & that      &               $\text{U} = \begin{bmatrix}
                                            1 & i & 1 & -i \\
                                            -i & 1 & i & 1 \\
                                            1 & -i & 1 & i \\
                                            i & 1 & -i & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ \\ \hline
\end{tabular}                                           
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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