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foreach/pgfmath：创建特定值的列表

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foreach/pgfmath：创建特定值的列表

我需要一个列表，可能是一个数组（用于稍后在 foreach 循环/TikZ 图形中使用），其中按顺序包含以下值（a_n）（n = 1,2,3，...）：

45,135,225,270,315, 45,45,90,135,135,225,225,270,270,315,315, 45,45,45,90,90,135,135,135,225,225,225,315,315,315, 45,45,45,45,90,90,90,135,135,135,135,225,225,225,225,270,270,270,270,315,315,315,315 .........

该系统如下：
1x45, 0x90, 1x other angles
2x45, 1x90, 2x other angles
3x45, 2x90, 3x other angles
4x45, 3x90, 4x other angles
....

注意：我不是在寻找公式函数或类似的东西，只是在寻找 TikZ 使用的列表。

\documentclass[margin=5pt, varwidth]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}

\pgfmathsetmacro{\k}{2}

\pgfmathsetmacro{\Start}{\k}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\End}{\k+5}
\foreach[evaluate={\N=int(\n+1)}] \n in {\Start,...,\End}{
\pgfmathsetmacro{\A}{int(floor(\N/2)-floor(\N/3))}
\n: \A~
}

\end{document}

答案1

\documentclass[margin=5pt, varwidth]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgffor}
\begin{document}
\newcommand{\AddOtherAngles}[1]{\foreach \X in {225,270,315}
{\foreach \Y in {1,...,#1}
{\xdef\myList{\myList,\X}}}}

\foreach \A [evaluate=\A as \B using {int(\A-1)}] in {1,...,4}
{\foreach \a in {1,...,\A}
 {\ifnum\a=1
   \xdef\myList{45}
  \else
   \xdef\myList{\myList,45}
  \fi}
\ifnum\B>0
\foreach \b in {1,...,\B}
 {\xdef\myList{\myList,90}}
\fi
\AddOtherAngles{\A}
\myList\par
}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

所有内容均包含在一个列表中。

\documentclass[margin=5pt, varwidth]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}

\foreach \A [evaluate=\A as \B using {int(\A-1)}] in {1,...,4}
{\foreach \a in {1,...,\A}
 {\ifnum\a=1
    \ifnum\A=1
     \xdef\myList{45}
    \else
     \xdef\myList{\myList,45}
    \fi
  \else
   \xdef\myList{\myList,45}
  \fi}
\ifnum\B>0
\foreach \b in {1,...,\B}
 {\xdef\myList{\myList,90}}
\fi
\foreach \X in {225,270,315}
{\foreach \Y in {1,...,\A}
{\xdef\myList{\myList,\X}}}
}
\typeout{\myList}

\tikz{\foreach \w in \myList { \draw (0,0)--(\w:1); } }

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

和expl3：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xparse}

\ExplSyntaxOn

\NewDocumentCommand{\generatelist}{mm}
 {% #1 = control sequence, #2 = number of repetitions
  \genlist_main:nn { #1 } { #2 }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \genlist_main:nn
 {
  \tl_set:Nx \l_tmpa_tl
   {
    45
    \prg_replicate:nn { #2-1 } { ,45  }
    \prg_replicate:nn { #2-1 } { ,90  }
    \prg_replicate:nn { #2 }   { ,135 }
    \prg_replicate:nn { #2 }   { ,225 }
    \prg_replicate:nn { #2 }   { ,270 }
    \prg_replicate:nn { #2 }   { ,315 }
   }
  \tl_if_exist:NTF #1
   {
    \msg_error:nnx {genlist}{exist}{\token_to_str:N #1}
   }
   {
    \tl_new:N #1
    \tl_set_eq:NN #1 \l_tmpa_tl
   }
 }

\msg_new:nnnn {genlist}{exist}
 {
  Control~sequence~#1~already~defined
 }
 {
  The~control~sequence~#1~is~already~defined,~choose~a~different~name
 }

\ExplSyntaxOff

\generatelist{\ONE}{1}
\generatelist{\TWO}{2}
\generatelist{\THREE}{3}
\generatelist{\FOUR}{4}

\generatelist{\box}{10} % this raises an error

\begin{document}

\ONE

\TWO

\THREE

\FOUR

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

一个经典的实现，展示了为什么它expl3是可取的。

\documentclass{article}

\makeatletter
\newcommand{\genlist@aux}[2]{%
  \ifnum#1>0
    ,#2%
    \expandafter\@firstofone
  \else
    \expandafter\@gobble
  \fi
  {\expandafter\genlist@aux\expandafter{\the\numexpr#1-1}{#2}}%
}

\newcommand{\generatelist}[2]{%
  \@ifdefinable#1{\genlist@main{#1}{#2}}%
}
\newcommand{\genlist@main}[2]{%
  \edef#1{%
    45%
    \expandafter\genlist@aux\expandafter{\the\numexpr#2-1}{45}%
    \expandafter\genlist@aux\expandafter{\the\numexpr#2-1}{90}%
    \genlist@aux{#2}{135}%
    \genlist@aux{#2}{225}%
    \genlist@aux{#2}{270}%
    \genlist@aux{#2}{315}%
  }%
}
\makeatother

\generatelist{\ONE}{1}
\generatelist{\TWO}{2}
\generatelist{\THREE}{3}
\generatelist{\FOUR}{4}

%\generatelist{\box}{10} % this would raise an error

\begin{document}

\ONE

\TWO

\THREE

\FOUR

\end{document}

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