表格双行对齐

表格双行对齐

我正在尝试创建一个在单个单元格中包含多行的表格,而不使用\shortstack似乎会将单词挤压在一起的按钮。在下面的示例中,我选择只创建新行,并将我想要的内容放在第二行。这可行,但我不喜欢单行不居中的情况。

如何修复此问题?

也许\multirow?也许是一p列,但我不知道如何使用?

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[margin= .75in]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
    \hline
         distribution & pmf & $\mu$ & $\sigma^{2}$ & mgf \\
        \hline
        Uniform & $ f(x) = \frac{1}{m}, \quad x=0,1,\dots,m $ & $ \frac{m+1}{2} $ & $ \frac{m^{2} - 1}{12} $ & -- \\
        $X \sim U(m)$ & & & & \\
        \hline
        Hypergeometric & $f(x) \frac{ \binom{N_{1}}{x} \binom{N_{2}}{n-x} }{ \binom{N}{n} }, \quad x= 0,1,\dots, n$ & $n\frac{N_{1}}{N}$ & $n \frac{N_{1}}{N} \frac{N_{2}}{N} \frac{N-n}{N-1}$ & -- \\
        $N = N_{1} + N_{2}$ & & & & \\
        \hline
        Bernoulli & $f(x) = p^{x}q^{1-x}, \quad x = 0,1 $ & $p$ & $pq$ & $1 - p + pe^{t}$ \\
        \hline
        Binomial & $ f(x) = \binom{n}{x} p^{x}q^{n-x}, \quad x = 0,1,\dots, n $ & $np$ & $npq$ & $(1-p+pe^{t})^{n}$ \\
        $X \sim b(n,p)$ & & & & \\
        \hline
        Poisson & $f(x) = \frac{\lambda^{x} e ^{-\lambda}}{x!}$ & $\lambda$ & $\lambda$ & $e^{\lambda e^{t}}$ \\
        $X \sim Poisson(\lambda)$ & & & & \\
        \hline
    \end{tabular}
\end{center}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

我确实找到了线程,但我没有在这里看到它的应用(要么就是我不知道如何将它应用于这种情况)。

答案1

例如,您可以使用这样的包makecell和命令:\makecell

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[margin= .75in]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{makecell} % <===============================================


\begin{document}

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
  \hline
  distribution & pmf & $\mu$ & $\sigma^{2}$ & mgf \\
  \hline
  \makecell{Uniform \\ $X \sim U(m)$} % <===============================
    & $ f(x) = \frac{1}{m}, \quad x=0,1,\dots,m $ & $ \frac{m+1}{2} $ & $ \frac{m^{2} - 1}{12} $ & -- \\
  \hline
  \makecell{Hypergeometric \\ $N = N_{1} + N_{2}$} % <==================
    & $f(x) \frac{ \binom{N_{1}}{x} \binom{N_{2}}{n-x} }{ \binom{N}{n} }, \quad x= 0,1,\dots, n$ & $n\frac{N_{1}}{N}$ & $n \frac{N_{1}}{N} \frac{N_{2}}{N} \frac{N-n}{N-1}$ & -- \\
        \hline
        Bernoulli & $f(x) = p^{x}q^{1-x}, \quad x = 0,1 $ & $p$ & $pq$ & $1 - p + pe^{t}$ \\
        \hline
        Binomial & $ f(x) = \binom{n}{x} p^{x}q^{n-x}, \quad x = 0,1,\dots, n $ & $np$ & $npq$ & $(1-p+pe^{t})^{n}$ \\
        $X \sim b(n,p)$ & & & & \\
        \hline
        Poisson & $f(x) = \frac{\lambda^{x} e ^{-\lambda}}{x!}$ & $\lambda$ & $\lambda$ & $e^{\lambda e^{t}}$ \\
        $X \sim Poisson(\lambda)$ & & & & \\
        \hline
    \end{tabular}
\end{center}

\end{document}

结果如下:

结果表

正如您所看到的,我改变了前两行(参见屏幕截图中的红色箭头和<=======mwe 中标记的代码)。

您是否考虑过去掉垂直线和水平线?我认为这样会更好...

答案2

m{...}在第一列中使用列类型,通过包中定义的cellspace分数()的中等大小来增加单元格的垂直间隙:\mfracnccmath

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[margin= .75in]{geometry}
\usepackage{nccmath}                        % new
\DeclareMathOperator{\e}{e}                 % new
\usepackage{array,cellspace}                % new
    \setlength\cellspacetoplimit{5pt}       % new
    \setlength\cellspacebottomlimit{5pt}    % new

\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|>{\centering}S{m{8em}}|    % changed
            *{4}{>{$\displaystyle}Sc<{$}|}} % changed
  \hline
distribution    
    & \text{pmf}    & \mu   & \sigma^{2}    & \text{mgf}        \\
  \hline
Uniform $X\sim U(m)$
    & f(x) = \mfrac{1}{m}, \quad x=0,1,\dots,m
                    & \frac{m+1}{2} 
                            & \mfrac{m^{2} - 1}{12} 
                                            & --                \\
  \hline
Hypergeometric $N = N_{1} + N_{2}$ 
    & f(x)\frac{\binom{N_{1}}{x} \binom{N_{2}}{n-x} }{\binom{N}{n} }, \quad 
      x = 0,1,\dots,n
                    & n\mfrac{N_{1}}{N}
                            & n\mfrac{N_{1}}{N} \mfrac{N_{2}}{N} \mfrac{N-n}{N-1}
                                            & --                \\
    \hline
Bernoulli 
    & f(x) = p^{x}q^{1-x}, \quad x = 0,1
                    & p     & pq            & 1 - p + pe^{t}    \\
    \hline
Binomial $X\sim b(n,p)$
    & f(x) = \binom{n}{x} p^{x}q^{n-x}, \quad x = 0,1,\dots, n
                    & np    & npq           & (1-p+p\e^{t})^{n}  \\
    \hline
Poisson \mbox{$X\sim\mathit{Poisson}(\lambda)$}
    & f(x) = \frac{\lambda^{x} \e^{-\lambda} }{x!}
                    & \lambda & \lambda     & \e^{\lambda \e^{t}}\\
    \hline
    \end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

如果你使用cals 包,如果删除垂直线,代码和结果可能如下所示。不需要双行,但如果确实需要,更改代码以保留它们并让单元格内容正确对齐也是没有问题的:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[margin=2.5cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath, nccmath, cals}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}

\DeclareMathOperator{\e}{e}                 

\begin{document}

\begin{calstable}
\colwidths{{\dimexpr(\columnwidth/40 *7)\relax}
            {\dimexpr(\columnwidth/40 *14)\relax}
            {\dimexpr(\columnwidth/40 *6)\relax}
            {\dimexpr(\columnwidth/40 *6)\relax}
            {\dimexpr(\columnwidth/40 * 7)\relax}
            }

\makeatletter
\def\cals@framers@width{0.8pt}
\cals@setpadding{Ag}
\cals@setcellprevdepth{Al}
\def\cals@cs@width{0pt}


% R1 Heading
\thead{\bfseries
\brow
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{distribution}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
    \alignC\cell{pmf}
    \alignC\cell{$\mu$}
    \alignC\cell{$\sigma^{2}$}
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{mgf}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
\erow
\mdseries}
% R2
\brow
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil Uniform\par $X \sim U(m)$}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $f(x) = \frac{1}{m}, \quad x=0,1,\dots,m$}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $\frac{m+1}{2}$}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $\frac{m^{2} - 1}{12}$}
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil --}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
\erow
 %R3
\brow
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil Hypergeometric\par $N = N_{1} + N_{2}$}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
    \alignC\alignC\cell{\vfil $f(x) \frac{ \binom{N_{1}}{x} \binom{N_{2}}{n-x} }{ \binom{N}{n} }, \quad x= 0,1,\dots, n$}
    \cell{\vfil $n\frac{N_{1}}{N}$}
    \cell{\vfil $n \frac{N_{1}}{N} \frac{N_{2}}{N} \frac{N-n}{N-1}$}
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \cell{\vfil --}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
\erow
 %R4
\brow
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil Bernoulli}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $f(x) = p^{x}q^{1-x}, \quad x = 0,1 $}
    \cell{\vfil $p$}
    \cell{\vfil $pq$}
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $1 - p + pe^{t}$}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
\erow
 %R5
\brow
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil Binomial\par $X \sim b(n,p)$}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $f(x) = \binom{n}{x} p^{x}q^{n-x}, \quad x = 0,1,\dots, n$}
    \cell{\vfil $np$}
    \cell{\vfil $npq$}
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $(1-p+pe^{t})^{n}$}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
\erow
 %R6
\brow
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil Poisson\par $X \sim Poisson(\lambda)$}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $f(x) = \frac{\lambda^{x} e ^{-\lambda}}{x!}$}
    \cell{\vfil $\lambda$}
    \cell{\vfil $\lambda$}
    \setlength\cals@paddingL{0pt}
    \alignC\cell{\vfil $e^{\lambda e^{t}}$}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
\erow

\makeatother
\end{calstable}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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