我有两个问题。
1）动画播放时闪烁，我无法理解，因为我在脚本中为每幅图画设置了一个边界框
2）一段时间后，动画将开始删除动画的第一个播放部分。（我想在播放结束后保留整个动画）
问候 Jesper
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz,animate}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathmorphing,shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shapes}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage{xsavebox}
\newcommand{\tikzmark}[1]{\tikz[overlay,remember picture] \node (#1) {};} %used for the item box around
\begin{document}
\newcommand\neuronX{3}%
\newcommand\neuronY{8.5}%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% static objects shared by all frames
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{xlrbox}{staticElems}%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[use as bounding box,red] (0,5) rectangle (15,12);
\draw [thick] (0,5) rectangle (15,12);
\draw[] (1.6,6.8) rectangle ++(0.1,3.5);
\draw[] (1.2,8.6) rectangle ++(0.1,1.7);
\draw[] (1.4,7.9) rectangle ++(0.1,2.4);
\draw[] (1,9.0) rectangle ++(0.1,1.3);
\node[] at (10.5,9.5) {Channel 1};
\node[] at (10.5,8.5) {Channel 2};
\node[] at (10.5,7.5) {Channel 3};
\node[] at (10.5,6.5) {Channel 4};
\node [circle,draw,fill = red] at (\neuronX,\neuronY) (N1) {};
\node [circle,draw,below right = 1cm and 0.8cm of N1,fill = green] () {};
\node [circle,draw,below right = 2.2cm and 0.2cm of N1,,fill = blue] () {};
\coordinate (A1) at (2.5,10);
\coordinate (B1) at (2,6);
\coordinate (A2) at (4 , 10);
\coordinate (B2) at (4.5 , 6);
% save bounding box coordinates
\coordinate (LowerLeft) at (current bounding box.south west);
\coordinate (UpperRight) at (current bounding box.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}%
\end{xlrbox}%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% two shaded objects
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{xlrbox}{shaded-1}%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[use as bounding box,draw] (LowerLeft) rectangle (UpperRight);
\shade[top color=orange,bottom color=orange,middle color = red,fill opacity=0.4] (A2) to [bend right=10] (B2) to [] (B1) to [bend right=10] (A1) to (A2);
%\node[yshift = 10.5cm,xshift = 7.5cm] () {Light Pulse};
\end{tikzpicture}%
\end{xlrbox}%
%
\begin{xlrbox}{shaded-2}%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[use as bounding box,draw] (LowerLeft) rectangle (UpperRight);
\shade[top color=white,bottom color=white,middle color = white] (A2) to [bend right=10] (B2) to [] (B1) to [bend right=10] (A1) to (A2);
\end{tikzpicture}%
\end{xlrbox}%
%
% the empty graph to start with
\begin{xlrbox}{mygraph}%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[use as bounding box,draw] (LowerLeft) rectangle (UpperRight);
\end{tikzpicture}%
\end{xlrbox}%
%
% putting the animation together
\begin{animateinline}[autoplay,loop]{8}
\xusebox{staticElems} %first frame showing only the static objects
\newframe
\gdef\oldyOne{9.3}%
\gdef\oldyTwo{8.3}%
\gdef\oldyThree{7.3}%
\gdef\oldyFour{6.3}%
\multiframe{80}{rx=4.9+0.05}{%
% set line colour, vertical graph displacement and which shaded
% object to use
\def\whichShaded{shaded-2}%
\def\dy{9.3}%
\def\dyTwo{8.3}%
\def\dyThree{7.3}%
\def\dyFour{6.3}%
\def\nOne{0}%
\def\nTwo{0}%
\def\nThree{0}%
\def\nFour{0}%
%light
\ifdim 5.3pt < \rx pt\relax%
\ifdim 5.6pt > \rx pt\relax%
\def\whichShaded{shaded-1}%
\fi%
\fi%
%neuron 1
\ifdim 5.5pt < \rx pt\relax%
\ifdim 5.6pt > \rx pt\relax%
\def\nOne{-0.4}
\fi%
\fi%
\ifdim 6.3pt < \rx pt\relax%
\ifdim 6.4pt > \rx pt\relax%
\def\nTwo{-0.4}
\fi%
\fi%
%neuron 1
\ifdim 6.3pt < \rx pt\relax%
\ifdim 6.6pt > \rx pt\relax%
\def\whichShaded{shaded-1}%
\fi%
\fi%
\ifdim 6.5pt < \rx pt\relax%
\ifdim 6.6pt > \rx pt\relax%
\def\nOne{-0.4}
\fi%
\fi%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\oldx}{\rx-0.05}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{0.1*rand}%
% assemble the graph
\pgfmathsetmacro{\oldx}{\rx-0.05}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{0.1*rand}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yTwo}{0.1*rand}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yThree}{0.1*rand}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yFour}{0.1*rand}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chOne}{\dy+\nOne+\y}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chTwo}{\dyTwo+\nOne + \nTwo+\yTwo}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chThree}{\dyThree + \nThree+ + \yThree}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chFour}{\dyFour + \nThree + \yFour}%
\begin{xlrbox}{mygraph}%
%repeat previous graph
\makebox[0pt][l]{\xusebox{mygraph}}%
% %
% %append new line segments
\begin{tikzpicture}[line cap=round]
\path[use as bounding box] (LowerLeft) rectangle (UpperRight);
%%
\draw (\oldx,\oldyOne) -- (\rx,\chOne);
%
\draw (\oldx,\oldyTwo) -- (\rx,\chTwo);
%
\draw (\oldx,\oldyThree) -- (\rx,\chThree);
%
\draw (\oldx,\oldyFour) -- (\rx,\chFour);
%
%%
\end{tikzpicture}%
\end{xlrbox}%
\xdef\oldyOne{\chOne}%
\xdef\oldyTwo{\chTwo}%
\xdef\oldyThree{\chThree}%
\xdef\oldyFour{\chFour}%
%
% shaded object in the background
\makebox[0pt][l]{\xusebox{\whichShaded}}%
%
% overlay the static objects
\makebox[0pt][l]{\xusebox{staticElems}}%
%
% put graph in the foreground
\xusebox{mygraph}%
}
\end{animateinline}
\end{document}
答案1
也许这正是你想要的？
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{tikz,animate}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations,positioning,shapes,backgrounds}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% writing timeline file
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newwrite\TimeLineFile
\immediate\openout\TimeLineFile=neuron.txt
\foreach \i in {0,1,...,80} {
% appending `x0' to transparency number --> keep all them all visible
\immediate\write\TimeLineFile{::\i x0}
}
\immediate\closeout\TimeLineFile
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
\newcommand\neuronX{2.5}%
\newcommand\neuronY{9.5}%
%starting points of curves
\def\dy{9.3}%
\def\dyTwo{8.3}%
\def\dyThree{7.3}%
\def\dyFour{6.3}%
\def\oldyOne{9.3}%
\def\oldyTwo{8.3}%
\def\oldyThree{7.3}%
\def\oldyFour{6.3}%
% putting the animation together
\begin{animateinline}[autoplay,timeline=neuron.txt]{8}%loop
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% static objects shared by all frames
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[use as bounding box] (0,6) rectangle (14,11);
\draw[] (1.6,6.8) rectangle ++(0.1,3.5);
\draw[] (1.2,8.6) rectangle ++(0.1,1.7);
\draw[] (1.4,7.9) rectangle ++(0.1,2.4);
\draw[] (1,9.0) rectangle ++(0.1,1.3);
\node[] at (10.5,9.5) {Channel 1};
\node[] at (10.5,8.5) {Channel 2};
\node[] at (10.5,7.5) {Channel 3};
\node[] at (10.5,6.5) {Channel 4};
% save bounding box coordinates
\coordinate (LowerLeft) at (current bounding box.south west);
\coordinate (UpperRight) at (current bounding box.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}%
\newframe
\multiframe{80}{rx=4.9+0.05,dimx=4.9pt+0.05pt}{%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% line segments
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\nOne{0}%
\def\nTwo{0}%
\def\nThree{0}%
\def\nFour{0}%
\def\lighto{4}%
\def\lightt{4}%
%
\def\linecolor{black}%
\ifdim 5.3pt < \dimx\relax%
\def\linecolor{red}%
\ifdim 5.4pt > \dimx\relax%
\def\nOne{-0.4}%
\fi%
\fi%
%
\ifdim 6.3pt < \dimx\relax%
%\def\linecolor{green}%
\ifdim 6.4pt > \dimx\relax%
\def\nTwo{-0.4}%
\def\lighto{10}%
\def\lightt{10}%
\fi%
\fi%
%
\def\myopa{0}%
\ifdim 6.3pt < \dimx\relax%
\ifdim 6.6pt > \dimx\relax%
\def\myopa{0.4}%
\fi%
\fi%
%
\ifdim 6.8pt < \dimx\relax%
%\def\linecolor{blue}%
\ifdim 6.9pt > \dimx\relax%
\def\nThree{-0.4}%
\fi%
\fi%
%
\ifdim 7.1pt < \dimx\relax%
%\def\linecolor{red}%
\ifdim 7.2pt > \dimx\relax%
\def\nOne{-0.4}%
\fi%
\fi%
%
\ifdim 7.5pt < \dimx\relax%
%\def\linecolor{red}%
\ifdim 7.6pt > \dimx\relax%
\def\nOne{-0.4}%
\fi%
\fi%
%
% assemble the graph
\pgfmathsetmacro{\oldx}{\rx-0.05}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{0.1*rand}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yTwo}{0.1*rand}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yThree}{0.1*rand}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yFour}{0.1*rand}%
%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chOne}{\dy+\nOne+\y}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chTwo}{\dyTwo+\nOne + \nTwo+\yTwo}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chThree}{\dyThree + \nThree+ + \yThree}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\chFour}{\dyFour + \nThree + \yFour}%
%
%new line segments
\begin{tikzpicture}[line cap=round, draw=\linecolor]
\path[use as bounding box] (LowerLeft) rectangle (UpperRight);
\draw (\oldx,\oldyOne) -- (\rx,\chOne);
\draw (\oldx,\oldyTwo) -- (\rx,\chTwo);
\draw (\oldx,\oldyThree) -- (\rx,\chThree);
\draw (\oldx,\oldyFour) -- (\rx,\chFour);
\node [circle,draw,fill = red] at (\neuronX,\neuronY) (N1) {};
\node [circle,draw,below right = 1cm and 0.8cm of N1,fill = green] (N2) {};
\node [circle,draw,below right = 2.2cm and 0.2cm of N1,,fill = blue] (N3) {};
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\fill[red,fill opacity=\myopa,preaction={fill=white,fill opacity=1}]
([xshift=-2mm,yshift=2mm]N1.north west)
-- ([xshift=2mm,yshift=2mm]N1.north east)
-- ([xshift=2mm,yshift=2mm]N2.north east)
-- ([xshift=2mm,yshift=-2mm]N2.south east)
-- ([xshift=2mm,yshift=-2mm]N3.south east)
-- ([xshift=-2mm,yshift=-2mm]N3.south west)
-| cycle;
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}%
%
\xdef\oldyOne{\chOne}%
\xdef\oldyTwo{\chTwo}%
\xdef\oldyThree{\chThree}%
\xdef\oldyFour{\chFour}%
}
\end{animateinline}
\end{document}
背景可见的时间间隔由以下因素决定：
\def\myopa{0}%
\ifdim 6.3pt < \dimx\relax%
\ifdim 6.6pt > \dimx\relax%
\def\myopa{0.4}%
\fi%
\fi%
还有很多其他方法可以做到这一点，但这里我使用backgrounds库来填充背面的内容。可以简化。