我使用 MikTeX/TeXworks 已经有一段时间了，并且非常喜欢它的通用性和便利性。我通常使用 XeLaTeX 或 pdfLaTeX 编译 laTeX 文档。但是，我无法使用 TeXworks 输入中文字符。例如，我使用 MikTeX 控制台安装了 ctex 和一些 CJK 相关包，但 tex 文档似乎无法正确编译。具体来说，我没有从输出的 pdf 文件中得到一个中文字符。
在这stackexchange 问题，它解释了如何将 ctex 包与 XeLaTeX 或 pdfLaTeX 结合使用。但我不会在 Linux 下编译我的 LaTeX 文档，也不想安装整个一体化 ctex 软件。另一方面，背面站点提供了与 ctex 协同工作的环境，而且看起来运行良好。
因此，我明白，原则上，我想要实现的目标并非不可能，但是为了在 Miktex 下使用 ctex 或 ctexart 包，需要安装最少量的样式文件是多少？提前谢谢了！
編輯1
以下示例来自 overleaf 网站，该网站的兼容性很好。MikTeX 将停止并尝试安装某些包，并且一直停留在那里，即使我使用其控制台安装了 ctex 包。
\documentclass{ctexart}
\begin{document}
\section{中文标题}
中文内容
\end{document}
編輯2
按照给出的例子乌尔丽克·菲舍尔在他的回答中，我得到了以下日志文件：
This is XeTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-0.999991 (MiKTeX 2.9.7250 64-bit)
(preloaded format=xelatex 2019.11.25) 6 FEB 2020 17:50
entering extended mode
**"G:/My Drive/test.tex"
("G:/My Drive/test.tex"
LaTeX2e <2019-10-01> patch level 3
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex\ctexart.cls"
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Package: expl3 2020-02-03 L3 programming layer (loader)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/l3kernel\expl3-code.tex"
Package: expl3 2020-02-03 L3 programming layer (code)
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File: l3deprecation.def 2019-04-06 v L3 Deprecated functions
))
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/l3backend\l3backend-xdvipdfmx.def"
File: l3backend-xdvipdfmx.def 2020-02-03 L3 backend support: xdvipdfmx
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Document Class: ctexart 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Chinese adapter for class article (C
TEX)
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Package: xparse 2020-02-03 L3 Experimental document command parser
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("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/l3packages/l3keys2e\l3keys2e.sty"
Package: l3keys2e 2020-02-03 LaTeX2e option processing using LaTeX3 keys
)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex\ctexhook.sty"
Package: ctexhook 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Document and package hooks (CTEX)
)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex\ctexpatch.sty"
Package: ctexpatch 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Patching commands (CTEX)
)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\fix-cm.sty"
Package: fix-cm 2015/01/14 v1.1t fixes to LaTeX
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\ts1enc.def"
File: ts1enc.def 2001/06/05 v3.0e (jk/car/fm) Standard LaTeX file
))
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ms\everysel.sty"
Package: everysel 2011/10/28 v1.2 EverySelectfont Package (MS)
)
\l__ctex_tmp_int=\count170
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("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex/config\ctexopts.cfg"
File: ctexopts.cfg 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Option configuration file (CTEX)
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("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\article.cls"
Document Class: article 2019/10/25 v1.4k Standard LaTeX document class
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\size10.clo"
File: size10.clo 2019/10/25 v1.4k Standard LaTeX file (size option)
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)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex/engine\ctex-engine-xetex.def"
File: ctex-engine-xetex.def 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 XeLaTeX adapter (CTEX)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/xelatex/xecjk\xeCJK.sty"
Package: xeCJK 2019/06/02 v3.7.4 Typesetting CJK scripts with XeLaTeX
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/l3packages/xtemplate\xtemplate.sty"
Package: xtemplate 2020-02-03 L3 Experimental prototype document functions
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\c__xeCJK_CJK_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass1
\c__xeCJK_FullLeft_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass2
\c__xeCJK_FullRight_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass3
\c__xeCJK_HalfLeft_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass4
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\c__xeCJK_NormalSpace_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass6
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Package xtemplate Info: Declaring object type 'xeCJK/punctuation' taking 0
(xtemplate) argument(s) on line 2323.
\l__xeCJK_fixed_punct_width_dim=\dimen146
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Package: fontspec 2019/10/19 v2.7d Font selection for XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/fontspec\fontspec-xetex.sty"
Package: fontspec-xetex 2019/10/19 v2.7d Font selection for XeLaTeX and LuaLaTe
X
\l__fontspec_script_int=\count193
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("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\fontenc.sty"
Package: fontenc 2018/08/11 v2.0j Standard LaTeX package
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\tuenc.def"
File: tuenc.def 2018/08/11 v2.0j Standard LaTeX file
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring font encoding TU on input line 82.
))
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/fontspec\fontspec.cfg")
LaTeX Info: Redefining \itshape on input line 4047.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \slshape on input line 4052.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \scshape on input line 4057.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \upshape on input line 4062.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \em on input line 4092.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \emph on input line 4117.
))
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/xelatex/xecjk\xeCJK.cfg"
File: xeCJK.cfg 2019/06/02 v3.7.4 Configuration file for xeCJK package
))
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/xelatex/xecjk\xeCJKfntef.sty"
Package: xeCJKfntef 2019/06/02 v3.7.4 xeCJK font effect
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ulem\ulem.sty"
\UL@box=\box48
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\UL@skip=\skip56
\UL@hook=\toks14
\UL@height=\dimen168
\UL@pe=\count270
\UL@pixel=\dimen169
\ULC@box=\box50
Package: ulem 2019/11/18
\ULdepth=\dimen170
)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/cjk\CJKfntef.sty"
Package: CJKfntef 2015/04/18 4.8.4
\CJK@fntefSkip=\skip57
\CJK@nest=\count271
\CJK@fntefDimen=\dimen171
\CJK@underdotBox=\box51
\CJK@ULbox=\box52
\CJK@underanyskip=\dimen172
)
\l__xeCJK_space_skip=\skip58
\c__xeCJK_ulem-begin_node_dim=\dimen173
\c__xeCJK_null_box=\box53
\l__xeCJK_fntef_box=\box54
\l__xeCJK_under_symbol_box=\box55
\c__xeCJK_filll_skip=\skip59
)
\ccwd=\dimen174
\l__ctex_ccglue_skip=\skip60
)
\l__ctex_ziju_dim=\dimen175
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/zhnumber\zhnumber.sty"
Package: zhnumber 2019/04/07 v2.7 Typesetting numbers with Chinese glyphs
\l__zhnum_scale_int=\count272
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/zhnumber\zhnumber-utf8.cfg"
File: zhnumber-utf8.cfg 2019/04/07 v2.7 Chinese numerals with UTF8 encoding
))
\l__ctex_heading_skip=\skip61
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex/scheme\ctex-scheme-chinese-article
.def"
File: ctex-scheme-chinese-article.def 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Chinese scheme for art
icle (CTEX)
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex/config\ctex-name-utf8.cfg"
File: ctex-name-utf8.cfg 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Caption with encoding UTF8 (CTEX)
)) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex\ctex-c5size.clo"
File: ctex-c5size.clo 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 c5size option (CTEX)
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("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex/fontset\ctex-fontset-fandol.def"
File: ctex-fontset-fandol.def 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Fandol fonts definition (CTEX)
Package fontspec Warning: Font "FandolSong-Regular" does not contain requested
(fontspec) Script "CJK".
Package fontspec Info: Font family 'FandolSong-Regular(0)' created for font
(fontspec) 'FandolSong-Regular' with options
(fontspec) [Script={CJK},Extension={.otf},BoldFont={FandolSong-Bold
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(fontspec)
(fontspec) This font family consists of the following NFSS
(fontspec) series/shapes:
(fontspec)
(fontspec) - 'normal' (m/n) with NFSS spec.:
(fontspec) <->"[FandolSong-Regular.otf]/OT"
(fontspec) - 'small caps' (m/sc) with NFSS spec.:
(fontspec) - 'bold' (bx/n) with NFSS spec.:
(fontspec) <->"[FandolSong-Bold.otf]/OT"
(fontspec) - 'bold small caps' (bx/sc) with NFSS spec.:
(fontspec) - 'italic' (m/it) with NFSS spec.:
(fontspec) <->"[FandolKai-Regular.otf]/OT"
(fontspec) - 'italic small caps' (m/itsc) with NFSS spec.:
)) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/ctex/config\ctex.cfg"
File: ctex.cfg 2019/05/29 v2.4.16 Configuration file (CTEX)
) (test.aux)
\openout1 = `test.aux'.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for TU/lmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for TS1/cmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 3.
ABD: EverySelectfont initializing macros
LaTeX Info: Redefining \selectfont on input line 3.
Package fontspec Info: Adjusting the maths setup (use [no-math] to avoid
(fontspec) this).
\symlegacymaths=\mathgroup4
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `legacymaths' in version `bold'
(Font) OT1/cmr/m/n --> OT1/cmr/bx/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \acute on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \grave on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \ddot on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \tilde on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \bar on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \breve on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \check on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \hat on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \dot on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \mathring on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \colon on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Gamma on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Delta on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Theta on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Lambda on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Xi on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Pi on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Sigma on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Upsilon on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Phi on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Psi on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Omega on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \mathdollar on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring symbol font `operators' on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Encoding `OT1' has changed to `TU' for symbol font
(Font) `operators' in the math version `normal' on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `normal'
(Font) OT1/cmr/m/n --> TU/lmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Encoding `OT1' has changed to `TU' for symbol font
(Font) `operators' in the math version `bold' on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `bold'
(Font) OT1/cmr/bx/n --> TU/lmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `normal'
(Font) TU/lmr/m/n --> TU/lmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathit' in version `normal'
(Font) OT1/cmr/m/it --> TU/lmr/m/it on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathbf' in version `normal'
(Font) OT1/cmr/bx/n --> TU/lmr/bx/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathsf' in version `normal'
(Font) OT1/cmss/m/n --> TU/lmss/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathtt' in version `normal'
(Font) OT1/cmtt/m/n --> TU/lmtt/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `bold'
(Font) TU/lmr/m/n --> TU/lmr/bx/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathit' in version `bold'
(Font) OT1/cmr/bx/it --> TU/lmr/bx/it on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathsf' in version `bold'
(Font) OT1/cmss/bx/n --> TU/lmss/bx/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathtt' in version `bold'
(Font) OT1/cmtt/m/n --> TU/lmtt/bx/n on input line 3.
Requested font "[lmroman17-regular]:mapping=tex-text;" at 15.05624pt
-> C:/Program Files/MiKTeX 2.9/fonts/opentype/public/lm/lmroman17-regular.otf
Requested font "[lmroman12-bold]:mapping=tex-text;" at 15.05624pt
-> C:/Program Files/MiKTeX 2.9/fonts/opentype/public/lm/lmroman12-bold.otf
Requested font "[FandolSong-Bold.otf]/OT" at 15.05624pt
-> C:/Program Files/MiKTeX 2.9/fonts/opentype/public/fandol/FandolSong-Bold.ot
f
Requested font "[lmromanslant10-regular]:mapping=tex-text;" at 10.53937pt
-> C:/Program Files/MiKTeX 2.9/fonts/opentype/public/lm/lmromanslant10-regular
.otf
LaTeX Font Info: Font shape `TU/FandolSong-Regular(0)/m/sl' in size <10.5393
7> not available
(Font) Font shape `TU/FandolSong-Regular(0)/m/it' tried instead on
input line 6.
[1
] (test.aux) )
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
18614 strings out of 427240
423516 string characters out of 3145703
496948 words of memory out of 3000000
23061 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+200000
532548 words of font info for 38 fonts, out of 3000000 for 9000
1348 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
58i,4n,76p,417b,2146s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,50000s
Output written on test.pdf (1 page).
答案1
尝试不同的字体集：
\documentclass[fontset=fandol]{ctexart}
\begin{document}
\section{中文标题}
中文内容
\end{document}
ctex 的默认 Windows 字体集尝试加载 Windows 中不存在的字体（或者不再存在，或者可能仅在某些情况下存在）。