绘制一个方形底座金字塔，可轻松修改

Question

作为项目的一部分，我想要：

• 绘制一个方形金字塔，可通过变量“宽度”、“高度”和“深度”轻松修改，有点像长方体的创作。
• 用虚线画出背部线条

i | 金字塔的尖端应该居中

我已经这样做了：

\documentclass[border=10pt, multi, tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{quotes,arrows.meta}
\tikzset{
  %\tikzset{%
  %}
  pyramidoid/.pic={
    \draw [ 
    style={pic actions, solid, opacity=.5}, pic actions]
    (0,0,0) coordinate (o) -- ++(-\pyrscale*\pyrx,0,0) coordinate (a) edge coordinate [pos=1] (d) ++(0,0,-\pyrscale*\pyrz) -- ++(0,\pyrscale*\pyrz,0) coordinate (b) -- cycle
    (o) -- (0, 0, -\pyrscale*\pyrz) coordinate (c) edge (d) -- (b) edge (d) -- cycle
    ;
  },
  width/.store in=\pyrx,
  height/.store in=\pyry,
  depth/.store in=\pyrz,
  units/.store in=\pyrunits,
  scale/.store in=\pyrscale,
  width=10,
  height=10,
  depth=10,
  units=cm,
  scale=.2,
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

  %\pic {pyramidoid};
  \pic {pyramidoid={width=10, height=20, depth=10}};%      Pyramide en PC (perspective cavalière)

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

但我不知道这是否是正确的方法，因为我最近开始学习 LaTex......

长方体图示例：

\documentclass[border=10pt, multi, tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{quotes,arrows.meta}
\tikzset{
  annotated cuboid/.pic={
    \tikzset{%
      every edge quotes/.append style={midway, auto},
      /cuboid/.cd,
      #1
    }
    \draw [every edge/.append style={pic actions, densely dashed, opacity=.5}, pic actions]
    (0,0,0) coordinate (o) -- ++(-\cubescale*\cubex,0,0) coordinate (a) -- ++(0,-\cubescale*\cubey,0) coordinate (b) edge coordinate [pos=1] (g) ++(0,0,-\cubescale*\cubez)  -- ++(\cubescale*\cubex,0,0) coordinate (c) -- cycle
    (o) -- ++(0,0,-\cubescale*\cubez) coordinate (d) -- ++(0,-\cubescale*\cubey,0) coordinate (e) edge (g) -- (c) -- cycle
    (o) -- (a) -- ++(0,0,-\cubescale*\cubez) coordinate (f) edge (g) -- (d) -- cycle;
    ;
  },
  /cuboid/.search also={/tikz},
  /cuboid/.cd,
  width/.store in=\cubex,
  height/.store in=\cubey,
  depth/.store in=\cubez,
  units/.store in=\cubeunits,
  scale/.store in=\cubescale,
  width=10,
  height=10,
  depth=10,
  units=cm,
  scale=.2,
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

  \pic {annotated cuboid};%      cube en PC (perspective cavalière)
  %\pic {annotated cuboid={width=20, height=5, depth=10}};
  %\pic {annotated cuboid={width=10, height=20, depth=10}};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

这会在“斜投影”中绘制一个金字塔，非常感谢您的翻译！您的方法总体来说很棒，但为了名称空间，我会以略有不同的方式使用 pgf 键，并将它们存储在目录下pyramidoid。

\documentclass[border=10pt, multi, tikz]{standalone}
\tikzset{pics/pyramidoid/.style={code={
    \tikzset{pyramidoid/.cd,#1}
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/pyramidoid/##1}}
    \draw [solid, opacity=.5, pic actions]
    (0,0,0) coordinate (o) 
    (-\pv{scale}*\pv{width},0,0) coordinate (a)
    (-\pv{scale}*\pv{width},\pv{scale}*\pv{depth},0) coordinate (b) 
    (0,\pv{scale}*\pv{depth},0) coordinate (c) 
    (-\pv{scale}*\pv{width}/2,\pv{scale}*\pv{depth}/2,\pv{scale}*\pv{height}) coordinate (d) 
     (b) edge[densely dashed] (a)
     edge[densely dashed] (c) edge[densely dashed] (d)
     (o) -- (a) -- (d) -- (o) -- (c) -- (d) ;
  }},
  pyramidoid/.cd,
  width/.initial=10,
  height/.initial=5,
  depth/.initial=10,
  scale/.initial=.2,
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[x={(1cm,0cm)},y={(30:1cm)},z={(0cm,1cm)},line cap=round,line join=round]
  \pic {pyramidoid={width=10, height=20, depth=10}};%      Pyramide en PC (perspective cavalière)
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

如果你想切换到更现实的投影，你可以使用以下代码，它绘制金字塔，但你可以按照第节所述更改视角64 三点透视绘图库pgfmanual v3.1.5。

\documentclass[border=10pt, multi, tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{perspective}
\tikzset{pics/pyramidoid/.style={code={
    \tikzset{pyramidoid/.cd,#1}
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/pyramidoid/##1}}
    \draw [solid, opacity=.5, pic actions]
    (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=0) coordinate (o) 
    (tpp cs:x=-\pv{scale}*\pv{width},y=0,z=0) coordinate (a)
    (tpp cs:x=-\pv{scale}*\pv{width},y=\pv{scale}*\pv{depth},z=0) coordinate (b) 
    (tpp cs:x=0,y=\pv{scale}*\pv{depth},z=0) coordinate (c) 
    (tpp cs:x=-\pv{scale}*\pv{width}/2,y=\pv{scale}*\pv{depth}/2,z=\pv{scale}*\pv{height}) coordinate (d) 
    (o) edge[densely dashed] (c)
    (c) edge[densely dashed] (b) edge[densely dashed] (d)
    (o) -- (a) -- (b) -- (d) -- (a) (o) edge (d);
  }},
  pyramidoid/.cd,
  width/.initial=10,
  height/.initial=5,
  depth/.initial=10,
  scale/.initial=.2,
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view,line cap=round,line join=round,perspective]
  \pic {pyramidoid={width=10, height=20, depth=10}};%      Pyramide en PC (perspective cavalière)
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

然后使用例如

\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view,line cap=round,line join=round,perspective={
    q = {(0,5,0)}}]
  \pic {pyramidoid={width=10, height=20, depth=10}};%      Pyramide en PC (perspective cavalière)
\end{tikzpicture}

如果你把perspective钥匙掉在地上，

\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view,line cap=round,line join=round]
  \pic {pyramidoid={width=10, height=20, depth=10}};%      Pyramide en PC (perspective cavalière)
\end{tikzpicture}

你得到