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绘制正多边形时出现编译错误

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绘制正多边形时出现编译错误

我根据以下示例创建了 tikset这里绘制正多边形。但我遇到了编译错误，我不知道为什么 :/ 。

此外：

  • 五边形标签没有出现，而其他的标签都出现了

  • 当我像示例中那样声明节点时发生崩溃

    \draw (0:\R) \foreach \x in {120,240} { -- (\x:\R) } -- 循环 (90:\R) 节点[above] {$n=3$} ;

在此处输入图片描述

主文本

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% INTRODUCTION %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PACKAGE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage{tikz, tkz-euclide}%  permet de dessiner des figures, des graphiques
\usepackage{adjustbox}% permet de déterminer une taille de fenêtre

%%  FONT
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage{tgadventor}% paquet de police de caractère TGadventor
\usepackage{sansmath}%  Copie-colle la police active dans 
%                       \sfdefault (/!\ N'EST PAS UNE POLICE DE CARACTÈRES)

\usepackage{xcolor}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% INPUT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\input{preamble.tex}
%\input{parameters.tex}

%\input{types/f2d_fig}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% SETUP %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\tikzset{pics/triangloid_regular/.style={code={%
    \tikzset{triangloid_regular/.cd,#1}%
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/triangloid_regular/##1}}%
    \draw[thick, pic actions] (-30:\pv{radius}) \foreach \x in {90,210}%
        {
            -- (\x:\pv{radius})}%
            -- cycle (90:\pv{radius})%
            (0,\pv{radius}) coordinate node[above, scale=2.5] {\pv{lab}}%
            ;
        }
    },
  triangloid_regular/.cd,
  radius/.initial=3cm,
  lab/.initial=,
  ;
}

\tikzset{pics/squaroid_regular/.style={code={%
    \tikzset{squaroid_regular/.cd,#1}%
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/squaroid_regular/##1}}
    \draw[thick, pic actions] (45:\pv{radius}) \foreach \x in {135,225,...,359}
        {
            -- (\x:\pv{radius})}%
            -- cycle (90:\pv{radius})%
            (0,\pv{radius}) coordinate node[above, scale=2.5] {\pv{lab}}
            ;
        }
    },
  squaroid_regular/.cd,
  radius/.initial=3cm,
  lab/.initial=,
  ;
}

\tikzset{pics/pentagoid_regular/.style={code={%
    \tikzset{pentagoid_regular/.cd,#1}%
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/squaroid_regular/##1}}
    \draw[thick, pic actions] (18:\pv{radius}) \foreach \x in {90,162,...,359}
        {
            -- (\x:\pv{radius})}%
            -- cycle (90:\pv{radius})%
            (0,\pv{radius}) coordinate node[above, scale=2.5] {\pv{lab}}
            ;
        }
    },
  pentagoid_regular/.cd,
  radius/.initial=3cm,
  lab/.initial=,
  ;
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% DOCUMENT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% Radius of regular polygons
\newdimen\R
\R=2cm

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[font={\sansmath\sffamily},thick, line cap=round, line join=round, >=latex, x=1.0cm, y=1.0cm]

% Indicate the boundary of the regular polygons
\pic {triangloid_regular={lab=Triangle}};
\pic[xshift=7cm] {squaroid_regular={lab=Square}};
\pic[yshift=-7cm] {pentagoid_regular={lab=Pentagone}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

我想这只是常事，我忽略了一些细节，导致我陷入困境>-<。

答案1

使用极坐标似乎更容易。代码如下：

  \documentclass{article}

  \usepackage{tikz}
  \usepackage{pgfplots}
  \usepackage{xcolor}

  \tikzset{pics/polygon/.style 2 args={
      code = {
        \foreach \a [evaluate=\a as \an using (270+(\a+0.5)*360/#1)] in {1, ..., #1} {
              \draw(\an-360/#1:1)--(\an:1);
        }
        \node at (90:1.3){#2};
      }
    }
  }

  \begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \pic at (0,0) {polygon=3{Triangle}};
      \pic at (3,0) {polygon=4{Square}};
      \pic at (6,0) {polygon=5{Pentagon}};
      \pic at (9,0) {polygon=6{Hexagon}};
    \end{tikzpicture}

  \end{document}

生成：

在此处输入图片描述

唯一有点棘手的是计算出适当的角度，以便“底部”边缘像 OP 中那样水平。添加其他功能来控制多边形的大小、它们fill等等会很容易。（另一个选项是使用shape=regular polygon来自\usetikzlibrary{decorations.shapes}；请参阅第 51.5.3 节蒂克兹手动的。）

编辑

至于 OP 中的代码，问题似乎是您在triangloid_regular定义之前引用了等。如果您将初始定义放在稍高的位置，则代码可以编译。“Pentagone”（五角大楼？）没有出现，因为squareoid您pentagoid在\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{...}}。第三个非常小的问题是，我不会使用带下划线的名称，因为 TeX 往往不喜欢它们。当然，在这种情况下它们可以工作，所以我只是很珍惜，欢迎您忽略我：）。

这是来自 OP 的更新后的代码，包含这些更改，现在可以编译了。

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PACKAGE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage{tikz, tkz-euclide}%  permet de dessiner des figures, des graphiques
\usepackage{adjustbox}% permet de déterminer une taille de fenêtre

%%  FONT
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage{tgadventor}% paquet de police de caractère TGadventor
\usepackage{sansmath}%  Copie-colle la police active dans
%                       \sfdefault (/!\ N'EST PAS UNE POLICE DE CARACTÈRES)

\usepackage{xcolor}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% INPUT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\input{preamble.tex}
%\input{parameters.tex}

%\input{types/f2d_fig}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% SETUP %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\tikzset{triangloid regular/.cd,
  radius/.initial=3cm,
  lab/.initial=,
}
\tikzset{pics/triangloid regular/.style={code={%
    \tikzset{triangloid regular/.cd,#1}%
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/triangloid regular/##1}}%
    \draw[thick, pic actions] (-30:\pv{radius}) \foreach \x in {90,210}%
        {
            -- (\x:\pv{radius})}%
            -- cycle (90:\pv{radius})%
            (0,\pv{radius}) coordinate node[above, scale=2.5] {\pv{lab}}%
            ;
        }
    },
}

\tikzset{squaroid regular/.cd,
  radius/.initial=3cm,
  lab/.initial=,
}

\tikzset{pics/squaroid regular/.style={code={%
    \tikzset{squaroid regular/.cd,#1}%
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/squaroid regular/##1}}
    \draw[thick, pic actions] (45:\pv{radius}) \foreach \x in {135,225,...,359}
        {
            -- (\x:\pv{radius})}%
            -- cycle (90:\pv{radius})%
            (0,\pv{radius}) coordinate node[above, scale=2.5] {\pv{lab}}
            ;
        }
    },
}
\tikzset{
  pentagoid regular/.cd,
  radius/.initial=3cm,
  lab/.initial=,
}

\tikzset{pics/pentagoid regular/.style={code={%
    \tikzset{pentagoid regular/.cd,#1}%
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/pentagoid regular/##1}}
    \draw[thick, pic actions] (18:\pv{radius}) \foreach \x in {90,162,...,359}
        {
            -- (\x:\pv{radius})}%
            -- cycle (90:\pv{radius})%
            (0,\pv{radius}) coordinate node[above, scale=2.5] {\pv{lab}}
            ;
        }
    },
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% DOCUMENT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% Radius of regular polygons
\newdimen\R
\R=2cm

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[font={\sansmath\sffamily},thick, line cap=round, line join=round, >=latex, x=1.0cm, y=1.0cm]

% Indicate the boundary of the regular polygons
\pic {triangloid regular={lab=Triangle}};
\pic[xshift=7cm] {squaroid regular={lab=Square}};
\pic[yshift=-7cm] {pentagoid regular={lab=Pentagone}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

当你在等待 TikZ 调试服务（坦率地说，这超出了我的能力范围）时，这里有一个版本元帖子纯粹为了比较。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{luamplib}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{TeX Gyre Adventor}
\begin{document}
\mplibtextextlabel{enable}
\begin{mplibcode}
string name[];
name[3] = "Triangle";
name[4] = "Square";
name[5] = "Pentagon";
name[6] = "Hexagon";
name[7] = "Heptagon";
name[8] = "Octagon";
vardef polygon(expr n, r) =
    for i=0 upto n-1: up scaled r rotated (360/n*i) -- endfor cycle
enddef;
beginfig(1);
    for i=3 upto 8:
        path p;
        p = polygon(i, 60) shifted -144 (i mod 2, floor ((i-1)/2));
        fill p withcolor 7/8[blue, white];
        draw p;
        label.top(name[i], point 0 of p);
    endfor
endfig;
\end{mplibcode}
\end{document}

这已包含在内luamplib，因此请使用 进行编译lualatex。

答案3

该shapes.geometric库已内置这些多边形。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily]
\foreach \X [count=\Y starting from 3] in 
    {Triangle,Square,Pentagon,Hexagon,Heptagon,Octagon,Nonagon,Decagon}
    {\pgfmathsetmacro{\myx}{2.5*Mod(\Y-1,2)}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\myy}{-3*int((\Y-3)/2)}
    \node[regular polygon,regular polygon sides=\Y,draw,
        minimum size=2cm,label=below:\X] at (\myx,\myy){};
         }
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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