答案1
右侧竖线的原因是:
如果文本行的宽度超出了-parameter\hsize
的值,那么 TeX 将通过控制台和 .log 文件中的消息通知您有关情况。\dimen
\hfuzz
Overfull \hbox (...
此外:
如果\dimen
-parameter为正数,则 TeX 会在文本行右侧\overfullrule
绘制宽度为的黑色垂直条,其宽度超出-parameter的值。\overfullrule
\hsize
\dimen
\hfuzz
\newdimen\mydimen
\mydimen=\hsize
\advance\mydimen by \hfuzz
\advance\mydimen by 1sp
\noindent This line is not too wide\hfill This line is not too wide\hfill This line is not too wide
\bigskip
\noindent This time you see the vertical bar because this time {\tt\string\overfullrule} is positive (\the\overfullrule):
\bigskip
\noindent
\leavevmode\vbox to 4\baselineskip{%
\xleaders\hbox to\mydimen{%
\strut These lines are too wide by {\tt\string\hfuzz}+1sp=\the\hfuzz+1sp\hfill
These lines are too wide by {\tt\string\hfuzz}+1sp=\the\hfuzz+1sp%
}\vfill
}
\bigskip
\overfullrule=0pt
\noindent This time you don't see the vertical bar because this time {\tt\string\overfullrule} is not positive.
\bigskip
\noindent
\leavevmode\vbox to 4\baselineskip{%
\xleaders\hbox to\mydimen{%
\strut These lines are too wide by {\tt\string\hfuzz}+1sp=\the\hfuzz+1sp\hfill
These lines are too wide by {\tt\string\hfuzz}+1sp=\the\hfuzz+1sp%
}\vfill
}
\bye
解决方案:
通过提供可以断行的断点来确保行不会太长。
您可能对以下问题的答案感兴趣
如何将方程式拆分为两行(或更多行)。
另请参阅:
Michael Downes,美国数学学会:打破方程式,TUGboat,第 18 卷(1997 年),第 3 期。网址: https://www.tug.org/TUGboat/tb18-3/tb56down.pdf
Donald E. Knuth,《TeXbook》,第 19 章:显示的方程式,段落3. 长公式(2012 年 2 月第十九次印刷第 195 页)