我使用 TikZ 制作了课程表，但我的代码不够优雅，效率低下。大多数步骤都是针对每门课程重复的，所以我想看看如何将它们结合起来。我还想让代码更容易修改，例如，添加新课程、更改课程时间以及更改时间表上显示的时间。我将不胜感激任何改进建议。
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[margin=1.25in]{geometry}
\usepackage{comment}
\pagenumbering{gobble}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\definecolor{Pantone113U}{RGB}{255 225 94}
\definecolor{Pantone2347U}{RGB}{231 69 54}
\definecolor{gPurple}{RGB}{117 102 160}
\definecolor{gEvergreen}{RGB}{0 78 66}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.pathmorphing,backgrounds,positioning,fit,petri,calc}
\begin{document}
{\centering\LARGE\textbf{Fall 2020 Schedule}\\}
\vspace{0.5in}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[gray] (0,0) -- ++(5in,0) -- ++(0,-15cm) -- ++(-5in,0) -- cycle;
\draw[gray] (5in, 0) -- (0, 0)
node[left,black]{12 p.m.};
\foreach \x in {1, ..., 10}
\draw[gray] (5in, -1.5*\x) -- (0, -1.5*\x) node[left,black]{\x \space p.m.};
\draw[gray] (0,0) -- (1in,0) node[midway,above,black]{Monday} -- (1in, -15cm);
\draw[gray] (1in,0) -- (2in,0) node[midway,above,black]{Tuesday} -- (2in,-15cm);
\draw[gray] (2in,0) -- (3in,0) node[midway,above,black]{Wednesday} -- (3in, -15cm);
\draw[gray] (3in,0) -- (4in,0) node[midway,above,black]{Thursday} -- (4in, -15cm);
\draw[gray] (4in,0) -- (5in,0) node[midway,above,black]{Friday} -- (5 in, -15cm);
\path let % Course 1 on Mon
\p1 = (0,-1.5),
\p2 = (1in,-1.5),
\p3 = (0,{-1.5*(2+20/60)}),
\p4 = (1in,{-1.5*(2+20/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=gPurple!20, draw=gPurple, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 1}};
\path let % Course 1 on Wed
\p1 = (2in,-1.5),
\p2 = (3in,-1.5),
\p3 = (2in,{-1.5*(2+20/60)}),
\p4 = (3in,{-1.5*(2+20/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=gPurple!20, draw=gPurple, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 1}};
\path let % Course 1 on Fri
\p1 = (4in,-1.5),
\p2 = (5in,-1.5),
\p3 = (4in,{-1.5*(2+20/60)}),
\p4 = (5in,{-1.5*(2+20/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=gPurple!20, draw=gPurple, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 1}};
\path let % Course 2 on Mon
\p1 = (0,-1.5*3),
\p2 = (1in,-1.5*3),
\p3 = (0,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}),
\p4 = (1in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=Pantone2347U!30, draw=Pantone2347U!80, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 2}};
\path let % Course 2 on Wed
\p1 = (2in,-1.5*3),
\p2 = (3in,-1.5*3),
\p3 = (2in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}),
\p4 = (3in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=Pantone2347U!30, draw=Pantone2347U!80, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 2}};
\path let % Course 2 on Fri
\p1 = (4in,-1.5*3),
\p2 = (5in,-1.5*3),
\p3 = (4in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}),
\p4 = (5in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=Pantone2347U!30, draw=Pantone2347U!80, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 2}};
\path let % Course 3 on Mon
\p1 = (0,-1.5*7),
\p2 = (1in,-1.5*7),
\p3 = (0,{-1.5*(9+50/60)}),
\p4 = (1in,{-1.5*(9+50/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=Pantone113U!20, draw=Pantone113U, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 3}};
\path let % Course 4 on Tue
\p1 = (1in,-1.5*2),
\p2 = (2in,-1.5*2),
\p3 = (1in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}),
\p4 = (2in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=gEvergreen!20, draw=gEvergreen, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 4}};
\path let % Course 4 on Fri
\p1 = (3in,-1.5*2),
\p2 = (4in,-1.5*2),
\p3 = (3in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}),
\p4 = (4in,{-1.5*(3+50/60)}), in
coordinate (p1) at (\p1)
coordinate (p2) at (\p2)
coordinate (p3) at (\p3)
coordinate (p4) at (\p4)
coordinate (p5) at ($(\p1) !.5! (\p4)$);
\path[preaction={clip,postaction={fill=gEvergreen!20, draw=gEvergreen, line width=2pt}}] (p1) -- (p2) -- (p4) -- (p3) -- cycle;
\node at (p5) {\textbf{Course 4}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
答案1
这里有一个建议。安装您自己的坐标系统，其中 x ( hscale) 和 y ( vscale) 单位向量的长度分别为一定。实现“符号”坐标等Mon，Tue例如Mon=0等。现在您可以使用坐标来引用时间表中的位置。然后定义一种样式，使调度成为可能。（我使用 24 小时时间，因为您可能希望创建一个在中午之前开始的时间表。）例如，
\node[course color=Pantone113U,course=Mon from 19 to 22]{Course 3};
Pantone113U将在周一晚上 7 点至 10 点安排一门课程，并使用课程的颜色和名称Course 3。对于在不同日期重复的课程，您可以使用foreach。然后使用以下方法实现示例的整个课程安排
\path
foreach \X in {Mon,Wed,Fri}
{node[course={\X} from 13 to 14.25]{Course 1}
node[course color=Pantone2347U,course={\X} from 15 to 16]{Course 2}}
node[course color=Pantone113U,course=Mon from 19 to 22]{Course 3}
foreach \X in {Tue,Thu}
{node[course color=gEvergreen,course={\X} from 14 to 15]{Course 4}} ;
完整代码和结果：
\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\definecolor{Pantone113U}{RGB}{255 225 94}
\definecolor{Pantone2347U}{RGB}{231 69 54}
\definecolor{gPurple}{RGB}{117 102 160}
\definecolor{gEvergreen}{RGB}{0 78 66}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,
declare function={Mon=0;Tue=1;Wed=2;Thu=3;Fri=4;
hscale=2.5;vscale=1.2;tmin=12;tmax=22;},
yscale=-1,x=hscale*1cm,y=vscale*1cm,
course color/.code={\colorlet{coursecolor}{#1}},
course color=gPurple,
course/.style args={#1 from #2 to #3}{%
draw=coursecolor,fill=coursecolor!20,
at={(#1,#2)},align=center,
node font=\bfseries,
anchor=north west,outer sep=0pt,
minimum width=hscale*1cm,
minimum height={abs(#3-#2)*vscale*1cm}}]
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\tmin}{tmin}%
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\tnext}{tmin+1}%
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\tmax}{tmax}
\draw[xstep=hscale*1cm,ystep=vscale*1cm] (0,tmin) grid (5,tmax);
\path foreach \X [count=\Y] in
{Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday}
{(\Y-0.5,12) node[above,text depth=0.25ex]{\X} }
foreach \X [parse=true] in {\tmin,\tnext,...,\tmax}
{(0,\X) node[left]{\ifnum\X<12\relax
\X\ a.m.%
\else
\ifnum\X=12\relax
12\ p.m.%
\else
\the\numexpr\X-12\relax\ p.m.%
\fi
\fi} };
\path
foreach \X in {Mon,Wed,Fri}
{node[course={\X} from 13 to 14.25]{Course 1}
node[course color=Pantone2347U,course={\X} from 15 to 16]{Course 2}}
node[course color=Pantone113U,course=Mon from 19 to 22]{Course 3}
foreach \X in {Tue,Thu}
{node[course color=gEvergreen,course={\X} from 14 to 15]{Course 4}} ;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
