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在 tikz 中放置圆弧和随机值

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在 tikz 中放置圆弧和随机值

我正在制作一个代表磁芯存储器的图形。首先，我很难定位代表电磁电流的弧线。我制作了两个 tkzfigure，并将第二个放在第一个上面，但效果并不好。

其次，我希望磁化方向是随机的，也就是说，一些顺时针（旋转 = 135），另一些逆时针（旋转 = -135）。

\newcommand{\DrawCore}[2]{
    \node [draw, cylinder, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=white, shape aspect=4, rotate=135, minimum width=2cm, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at 
    (#1*3+0,#2*3+0){};
    \node [draw, ellipse, minimum width=1.4cm, rotate=-135, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at (3*#1-0.4,3*#2+0.35){};
    \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1*3-1.9,#2*3+0.4) -- (#1*3-0.255,#2*3+0.4);
    \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1*3+0.65,#2*3+0.4) -- (#1*3+1.2,#2*3+0.4);
    
    \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1*3-0.4,#2*3+1.4) -- (#1*3-0.4,#2*3+0.1);
    \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1*3-0.4,#2*3-0.65) -- (#1*3-0.4,#2*3-1.6);
}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5, transform shape]
\foreach \x [count = \xi] in {0, ..., 7}{
    \foreach \y [count = \yi] in {0, ..., 7}{
        \draw [-latex, thick, rotate=135] ({-2.2*\xi+2.2*(\yi)}, {+2.2*\xi+2.2*(\yi)}) arc [start angle=190, end angle=-160, x radius=0.8cm, y radius=1.4cm];
    }
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay, remember picture,scale=0.5, transform shape]
\foreach \x [count = \xi] in {0, ..., 7}{
    \foreach \y [count = \yi] in {0, ..., 7}{
    \DrawCore{\xi}{\yi};
    }
}

这是期望的结果： 磁芯存储器

答案1

这是我针对您的请求的第一部分所做的尝试：

\documentclass[border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}

\begin{document}

\newcommand{\DrawCore}[2]{
\begin{scope}[rotate around={135:(#1,#2)}]
\node [draw, cylinder, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=white, shape aspect=4, rotate=0, minimum width=2cm, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at 
    (#1,#2){};
 \node [draw, ellipse, minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=1.4cm, rotate=0, line width=0.5mm] (c2) at (c1.top-|c1.before top){};
    \draw[-latex,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
\end{scope}

\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-1.9,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.255,#2+0.4);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1+0.65,#2+0.4) -- (#1+1.2,#2+0.4);
    
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+1.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+0.1);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2-0.65) -- (#1-0.4,#2-1.6);

  
}

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5, transform shape]
\foreach \x [count = \xi] in {0,3,...,12}{
    \foreach \y [count = \yi] in {0,3,...,12}{
    \DrawCore{\x}{\y};
    }
}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

得出

在此处输入图片描述

我稍微修改了你的代码并使用了节点锚点（c1 和 c2）。

更新： 要绘制不同方向的箭头，您可以在每种情况下检查位置是奇数还是偶数，方法是：

\ifodd <integer> <TeX code 1> [\else <TeX code 2>] \fi

以下是此案例的相应代码：

\documentclass[border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usepackage{ifthen}

\begin{document}

\newcommand{\DrawCore}[3]{

\begin{scope}[rotate around={135:(#1,#2)}]
\node [draw, cylinder, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=white, shape aspect=4, minimum width=2cm, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at 
    (#1,#2){};
 \node [draw, ellipse, minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=1.4cm, rotate=0, line width=0.5mm] (c2) at (c1.top-|c1.before top){};
 
% Odd or even: choose arrow direction
\ifodd #3 \draw[-latex,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255); 
[\else
\draw[latex-,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);]\fi
\end{scope}

\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-1.9,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.255,#2+0.4);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1+0.65,#2+0.4) -- (#1+1.2,#2+0.4);
    
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+1.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+0.1);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2-0.65) -- (#1-0.4,#2-1.6);

}

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5, transform shape]
\foreach \x [count = \xi] in {0,3,...,12}{
    \foreach \y [count = \yi,evaluate=\y as \z using int( \xi+\yi )] in {0,3,...,12}{
    \DrawCore{\x}{\y}{\z};
    }
}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

您将获得以下结果：

在此处输入图片描述

如果您想旋转形状，这里是相应的代码：

\documentclass[border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usepackage{ifthen}

\begin{document}

\newcommand{\DrawCore}[3]{

\ifodd #3 
\begin{scope}[rotate around={135:(#1,#2)}]
\node [draw, cylinder, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=white, shape aspect=4, minimum width=2cm, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at 
    (#1,#2){};
 \node [draw, ellipse, minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=1.4cm, rotate=0, line width=0.5mm] (c2) at (c1.top-|c1.before top){};
 
\draw[-latex,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
\end{scope}

\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-1.9,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.255,#2+0.4);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1+0.65,#2+0.4) -- (#1+1.2,#2+0.4);
    
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+1.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+0.1);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2-0.65) -- (#1-0.4,#2-1.6);

[\else 

\begin{scope}[yshift=0.5cm]
\begin{scope}[rotate around={-135:(#1,#2)}]
\node [draw, cylinder, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=white, shape aspect=4, minimum width=2cm, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at 
    (#1,#2){};
 \node [draw, ellipse, minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=1.4cm, rotate=0, line width=0.5mm] (c2) at (c1.top-|c1.before top){};
 
\draw[latex-,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
\end{scope}
\end{scope}

\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-1.9,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+0.4);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1+0.5,#2+0.4) -- (#1+1.2,#2+0.4);
    
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+1.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+1.2);
\draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2-1.6);
]\fi
}

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5, transform shape]
\foreach \x [count = \xi] in {0,3,...,12}{
    \foreach \y [count = \yi,evaluate=\y as \z using int( \xi+\yi )] in {0,3,...,12}{
    \DrawCore{\x}{\y}{\z};
    }
}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

得出的结果是： 在此处输入图片描述

答案2

LaTeXdraw-com，你的代码结果非常漂亮。磁芯的旋转也得到了很大改善，使图示更接近磁芯存储器的物理实现。我对你的代码做了一点小改动，这样磁芯的磁流方向是随机确定的，而不是根据其位置确定的，因为方向表示磁芯的内容是 1 还是 0。再次感谢！

在此处输入图片描述


\documentclass[border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage[first=0, last=1, quiet]{lcg} % rand


\begin{document}
   
   \newcommand{\DrawCore}[3]{
   
       \ifodd #3 
       \begin{scope}[rotate around={135:(#1,#2)}]
           \node [draw, cylinder, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=white, shape aspect=4, minimum width=2cm, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at 
           (#1,#2){};
           \node [draw, ellipse, minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=1.4cm, rotate=0, line width=0.5mm] (c2) at (c1.top-|c1.before top){};
           \rand\ifthenelse{\equal{\arabic{rand}}{1}}{
               \draw[-latex,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
           }{
               \draw[latex-,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
           }
           %\draw[-latex,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
       \end{scope}
       
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-1.9,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.255,#2+0.4);
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1+0.65,#2+0.4) -- (#1+1.2,#2+0.4);
       
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+1.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+0.1);
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2-0.65) -- (#1-0.4,#2-1.6);
       
       [\else 
       
       \begin{scope}[yshift=0.5cm]
           \begin{scope}[rotate around={-135:(#1,#2)}]
               \node [draw, cylinder, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=white, shape aspect=4, minimum width=2cm, line width=0.5mm] (c1) at 
               (#1,#2){};
               \node [draw, ellipse, minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=1.4cm, rotate=0, line width=0.5mm] (c2) at (c1.top-|c1.before top){};
               \rand\ifthenelse{\equal{\arabic{rand}}{1}}{
                   \draw[-latex,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
               }{
                   \draw[latex-,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
               }
               %\draw[latex-,red] (c1.85|-c1.105) to[bend right=25] (c1.275|-c1.255);
           \end{scope}
       \end{scope}
       
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-1.9,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+0.4);
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1+0.5,#2+0.4) -- (#1+1.2,#2+0.4);
       
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+1.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2+1.2);
       \draw [line width=0.5mm] (#1-0.4,#2+0.4) -- (#1-0.4,#2-1.6);
       ]\fi
   }
   
   \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5, transform shape]
   \foreach \x [count = \xi] in {0,3,...,12}{
       \foreach \y [count = \yi,evaluate=\y as \z using int( \xi+\yi )] in {0,3,...,12}{
           \DrawCore{\x}{\y}{\z};
       }
   }
   \end{tikzpicture}
   
\end{document}

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