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如果参考书目中没有空间，如何将 DOI 移至新行，而无需在当前行上中断，而不是中断？

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如果参考书目中没有空间，如何将 DOI 移至新行，而无需在当前行上中断，而不是中断？

关于如何正确分解参考书目中的 URL 和 DOI 存在许多问题。(这个似乎应该有帮助，但我不知道如何使用它。

我的 DOI是正确打破，但我对结果不满意并想尝试其他方法。

如果我的 DOI 会导致换行，那么我希望将其分流到新行，但如果它们仍然会填满整行，那么我就不会这样做，因为这并不能改善情况。

有人告诉我这个问题的答案可以调整，但说实话我不确定如何将其纳入参考书目。（或者，实际上其中的大部分代码都有很多定义而没有文档。）

下面是一个生成 DOI 的示例，该 DOI 会分行，但不会需要如果是在新行上，则将使用相同的总行数，但复制/粘贴 DOI 会更容易（例如，如果我的超链接最终被 PDF 处理程序破坏，我以前见过有人想批量插入版权页或类似内容时发生这种情况）。

\documentclass[letter]{article}
\usepackage[left= 4 cm, right=4 cm]{geometry}

\begin{filecontents}{MWE.bib}
@inproceedings{Meshlab,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI = {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}
}
\end{filecontents}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage[
    backend=biber,
    style=chem-rsc,
    doi=true,
    articletitle=true,
    pageranges=true,
]{biblatex} 

\def\UrlFont{\rm} %Make the URL font roman instead of typewriter, so DOI in body and bib are the same size. 

\addbibresource{MWE.bib}

\begin{document}
\begin{itemize}
    \item DOI = {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}\autocite{Meshlab}
\end{itemize}

\printbibliography

\end{document}

答案1

以下是几个选项：

1. 制作参考书目\raggedright

只需添加\AtBeginBibliography{\raggedright}序言即可。

平均能量损失

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[left= 4 cm, right=4 cm]{geometry}

\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{\jobname.bib}
@inproceedings{Meshlab,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI = {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}
}
@inproceedings{Meshlab2,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI = {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap}
}
@inproceedings{Meshlab3,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI =
    {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}
}
\end{filecontents}

\usepackage[
    style=chem-rsc,
    doi=true,
    articletitle=true,
    pageranges=true,
]{biblatex} 

\def\UrlFont{\rm}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\AtBeginBibliography{\raggedright}

\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

输出

2. 鼓励在 DOI 之前休息一下。

您可以使用一些代码来设置 DOI 字段格式，这些代码稍作修改TeX 书鼓励在此之前休息一下：

\DeclareFieldFormat{doi}{%
  \nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hbox{}\nobreak
  DOI\addcolon\addnbspace
  \ifhyperref
    {\href{https://doi.org/#1}{\nolinkurl{#1}}}
    {\nolinkurl{#1}}}

\hfil如果 DOI 不适合放在最后一行，则会创建一个空格，因此我们尝试在\hfill记录末尾使用一个来缓解这个问题：

\renewbibmacro{finentry}{\finentry\hfill\null}

平均能量损失

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[left= 4 cm, right=4 cm]{geometry}

\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{\jobname.bib}
@inproceedings{Meshlab,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI = {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}
}
@inproceedings{Meshlab2,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI = {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap}
}
@inproceedings{Meshlab3,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI =
    {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}
}
\end{filecontents}

\usepackage[
    style=chem-rsc,
    doi=true,
    articletitle=true,
    pageranges=true,
]{biblatex} 

\def\UrlFont{\rm}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\DeclareFieldFormat{doi}{%
  \nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hbox{}\nobreak
  DOI\addcolon\addnbspace
  \ifhyperref
    {\href{https://doi.org/#1}{\nolinkurl{#1}}}
    {\nolinkurl{#1}}}

\renewbibmacro{finentry}{\finentry\hfill\null}

\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

输出

答案2

这是我的做法：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[left= 4 cm, right=4 cm]{geometry}

\begin{filecontents}{MWE.bib}
@inproceedings{Meshlab,
    booktitle = {Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference},
    editor = {Vittorio Scarano and Rosario De Chiara and Ugo Erra},
    title = {{MeshLab: an Open-Source Mesh Processing Tool}},
    author = {Cignoni, Paolo and Callieri, Marco and Corsini, Massimiliano and Dellepiane, Matteo and Ganovelli, Fabio and Ranzuglia, Guido},
    year = {2008},
    publisher = {The Eurographics Association},
    ISBN = {978-3-905673-68-5},
    DOI = {10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}
}
\end{filecontents}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}

\usepackage[
    backend=biber,
    style=chem-rsc,
    doi=true,
    articletitle=true,
    pageranges=true,
]{biblatex} 

\renewcommand*\UrlFont{\sffamily}
%\renewcommand*\UrlFont{\ttfamily\small}
\newcommand*\doi[1]{{\UrlFont #1}}

\renewcommand*\bibsetup{\raggedright}
\DeclareFieldFormat{doi}{%
  \mkbibacro{DOI}\addcolon\addnbspace
  \ifhyperref
    {\href{https://doi.org/#1}{\nolinkurl{#1}}}
    {\nolinkurl{#1}}}

\addbibresource{MWE.bib}

\begin{document}
\begin{itemize}
    \item DOI = \doi{10.2312/LocalChapterEvents/ItalChap/ItalianChapConf2008/129-136}\autocite{Meshlab}
\end{itemize}

\printbibliography

\end{document}

MWE 输出

那是：

  • 制作参考书目\raggedright。
  • 禁止在“DOI：”和 DOI 之间换行。为此，我doi从 复制了字段格式的定义biblatex.def并将其替换\space为\addnbspace。（这对于防止 DOI 中断不是必需的，但我发现将“DOI：”也移动到下一行会更好。）

进一步的建议：

  • 我喜欢对 URL 使用\ttfamily\small（与默认的罗马字体相比，它更适合\ttfamily）或\sffamily（与网上占主导地位的无衬线字体的使用相匹配）。
  • 您不需要使 URL 字体与常规字体一致，而是可以在任何地方以 URL 字体打印 DOI。
  • 另一个选择是使用比文档其余部分略小的字体打印参考书目（例如，10pt而不是11pt），这样总体上就减少了所需的换行符。不过，使用这种方法时要非常小心。

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