是否可以在 LaTeX 中绘制配体结合途径？

Question

我想创建一个图形来显示脂质双层和蛋白质之间的配体的结合途径。

• 配体进入膜并返回细胞外环境（处于平衡状态）
• 配体从膜内移动到蛋白质的结合口袋（处于平衡状态）
• 配体从蛋白质结合口袋移动到细胞外环境（处于平衡状态）

这三条途径依次相互平衡——我在这里提出了一个（非常）粗略的想法。

我真的不知道从哪儿开始！

Answer 1

从此代码开始这里我得出了这个结果。我认为这是一个开始：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations,decorations.pathreplacing}
\usepackage{chemfig}
\usepgflibrary{arrows}


\begin{document}

%%%%%%Source of lipid layer: https://texample.net/tikz/examples/lipid-vesicle Published 2009-03-05 | Author: Henrik Skov Midtiby. Modified by Roland Tresky 2020-12-16

    \pgfdeclaredecoration{lipidleaflet}{initial}
    {
        % Place as many segments as possible along the path to decorate
        % the minimum distance between two segments is set to 7 pt.
        \state{initial}[width=\pgfdecoratedpathlength/floor(\pgfdecoratedpathlength/7pt)]
        {
            % Draw the two acyl chains
            \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{-1pt}{0pt}}
            \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{-1pt}{-10pt}}
            \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{1pt}{0pt}}
            \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{1pt}{-10pt}}
            % Draw the head group
            \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{1pt}{0pt}}
            \pgfpathcircle{\pgfpoint{0pt}{2pt}}{2.5pt}\pgfusepath{fill,stroke}
        }
        \state{final}
        {
            \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpointdecoratedpathlast}
        }
    }
    
    \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm]
            
%%%%%%%%% Lipid bilayer right
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet, mirror}]
        (-1, -2.8) -- (2, -2.8);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet}]
        (-1, -2) -- (2, -2);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet, mirror}]
        (3, -2.8) -- (6, -2.8);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet}]
        (3, -2) -- (6, -2);
        %\draw (0, -3.5) node {Lipid bilayer};
        
        %membraneprotein
        \draw[rounded corners,red!60,fill=red!60] (2,-1.5) rectangle (2.8,-3);
        \draw[cyan,fill=cyan] (2.2,-1.4) circle (4pt);
        
        %constants
        \node (A) at (0, 0) {K\textsubscript{mb}};
        \node (B) at (2, 0) {K\textsubscript{bm}};
        \draw[>=triangle 45, <->] (0.5,0) -- (1.5,0);
        
        %double arrow
        \draw[-{Stealth[right][length=2mm, width=1mm]},red,thick, shorten >=3pt] (2.1,-1.1) -- (1.1,-0.4);
        \draw[-{Stealth[right][length=2mm, width=1mm]},red,thick, shorten >=3pt] (1.1,-0.5) -- (2.1,-1.2);
        
        %arrow
        \draw[{Triangle[length=2mm, width=1mm]}-{Triangle[length=2mm, width=1mm]},shorten >=5pt] (-1.4,-2.4) -- (-3,-2.4);
        
        
%%%%%%%%% Lipid bilayer left
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet, mirror}]
        (-6,-2.8) -- (-3, -2.8);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet}]
        (-6, -2) -- (-3, -2);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet, mirror}]
        (-10, -2.8) -- (-7, -2.8);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet}]
        (-10, -2) -- (-7, -2);
        
        %membraneprotein
        \draw[rounded corners,red!60,fill=red!60] (-7,-1.5) rectangle (-6.2,-3);
        \draw[cyan,fill=cyan] (-8,-0.4) circle (4pt);
        
        %double arrow
        \draw[-{Stealth[right][length=2mm, width=1mm]},red,thick, shorten >=3pt] (-8,-1.6) -- (-8,-0.6);
        \draw[-{Stealth[right][length=2mm, width=1mm]},red,thick, shorten >=3pt] (-8.1,-0.7) -- (-8.1,-1.7);
        
        %constants
        \node (A) at (-9, 0) {K\textsubscript{am}};
        \node (B) at (-7, 0) {K\textsubscript{ma}};
        \draw[>=triangle 45, <->] (-8.5,0) -- (-7.5,0);
        
%%%%%%%%% Lipid bilayer below
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet, mirror}]
        (-1.4,-6.8) -- (2, -6.8);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet}]
        (-1.4, -6) -- (2, -6);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet, mirror}]
        (-5.8, -6.8) -- (-2.4, -6.8);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={lipidleaflet}]
        (-5.8,-6) -- (-2.4,-6);
        
        %membraneprotein
        \draw[rounded corners,red!60,fill=red!60] (-2.4,-7) rectangle (-1.6,-5.6);
        \draw[cyan,fill=cyan] (-2.3,-5.5) circle (4pt);
        
        %double arrow
        \draw[-{Stealth[right][length=2mm, width=1mm]},red,thick,shorten >=3pt] (-3.45,-6.2) -- (-2.45,-5.6);
        \draw[-{Stealth[right][length=2mm, width=1mm]},red,thick,shorten >=3pt] (-2.6,-5.6) -- (-3.6,-6.2);
        
        %constants
        \node (A) at (-3, -8) {K\textsubscript{ab}};
        \node (B) at (-1, -8) {K\textsubscript{ba}};
        \draw[>=triangle 45, <->] (-2.5,-8) -- (-1.5,-8);
        
        %arrow
        \draw[{Triangle[length=2mm, width=1mm]}-{Triangle[length=2mm, width=1mm]},shorten >=5pt] (-6,-3.5) -- (-4,-5);
        
        %arrow
        \draw[{Triangle[length=2mm, width=1mm]}-{Triangle[length=2mm, width=1mm]},shorten >=5pt] (2,-3.5) -- (0,-5);
        
    \end{tikzpicture}
    
\end{document}