是否可以将 \vfill 命令仅应用于偶数页？

Question

fullwidth正如您所指出的，使用偶数页时环境的边距是错误的。

更新

此更新考虑了新 MWE 引入的主要变化：

（1）Xelatex，

（2）页面的新几何形状。

我从您的 MWE 中收集了与当前主题相关的部分：词汇表设计。我还留下了一些无害的包。

该类已加载并配置了多个包：、、、、、和fontspec其他。请勿重新加载它们。特别是用于bidi参考书目，而不是。fancyhdrmulticolhyperrefgeometrynatbibbiblatex

\full为了使词汇表适合整页，请使用能够通过外边距放大单个列的宏adjmulticol（该宏已经在您的 MWE 中）。

请在您的系统中尝试此代码。然后根据需要添加包和新命令，测试它们是否不会产生错误或与以前的配置不兼容。

% !TeX TS-program =xelatex

\documentclass[nobib,twoside,symmetric,justified,marginals=raggedouter] {tufte-book}

\geometry{papersize={17.0cm,24.0cm}}

\geometry{left={1.7cm},right={1.8cm},top={1.5cm},bottom={2.2cm},marginparsep={0.5cm},marginparwidth={3.68cm},includemp,includehead}

\hypersetup{colorlinks}%  colored hyperlinks (e.g., for onscreen viewing)

%%https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/202142/problems-compiling-tufte-title-page-in-xelatex  ******
% Set up the spacing using fontspec features
\renewcommand\allcapsspacing[1]{{\addfontfeature{LetterSpace=15}#1}}
\renewcommand\smallcapsspacing[1]{{\addfontfeature{LetterSpace=10}#1}}
%% ******************************************
    %% *************************************
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{adjmulticol} %<<<<<<<<<<<<<< needed
\newlength{\rmarginW}
\setlength{\rmarginW}{\marginparwidth +\marginparsep}
\newcommand{\full}[1]{%
    \begin{adjmulticols}{1}{0cm}{-\rmarginW}
        #1
\end{adjmulticols}}
%% **

    
\usepackage[htt]{hyphenat}
\usepackage{musicography}
\usepackage{lilyglyphs}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{amsmath} 
\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\frenchbsetup{StandardLayout=true}
\addto\captionsfrench{\def\tablename{Tableau}}
\addto\captionsfrench{\def\figurename{Figure}}


% Prints the month name (e.g., January) and the year (e.g., 2008)
\newcommand{\monthyear}{%
  \ifcase\month\or janvier\or f\'{e}vrier\or mars\or avril\or mai\or juin\or
  juillet\or ao\^{u}t\or septembre\or octobre\or novembre\or
  d\'{e}cembre\fi\space\number\year
}
    
% Inserts a blank page
\newcommand{\blankpage}{\newpage\hbox{}\thispagestyle{empty}\newpage}



\usepackage{glossaries}
\makeglossaries

\newglossaryentry{Stylus phantasticus}
{   name={Stylus phantasticus}, %<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< name ={xxxx},
    description={\kant[11]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Exordium}
{    name={Exordium},
    description={\kant[12]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Exorde}
{    name={Exorde},
    description={\kant[13]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Narratio}
{    name={Narratio},
    description={\kant[14]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Narration}
{    name={Narration},
    description={\kant[15]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Propositio}
{    name={Propositio},
    description={\kant[16]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Climax}
{    name={Climax},
description={\kant[17]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Confirmatio}
{    name={Confirmatio},
    description={\kant[18]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Confirmation}
{    name={Confirmation},
    description={\kant[19]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Confutatio}
{    name={Confutatio},
description={\kant[20]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Gradatio}
{    name={Gradatio},
description={\kant[21]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Péroraison}
{    name={Péroraison},
description={\kant[22]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Peroratio}
{    name={Peroratio},
    description={\kant[23]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Pathos}
{    name={Pathos},
    description={\kant[24]}
}

\newglossaryentry{Tirata}
{    name={Tirata},
    description={\kant[25]}
}

\defglsentryfmt[main]{\glsgenentryfmt\ifglsused{\glslabel}{}{*}}

\usepackage{kantlipsum} %dummy text

\title{This is the title of my book} 
\newcommand{\subtitle}{This is the subtitle of my book: music}
\author{Me}  
\publisher{Various \'{e}ditions}  

\begin{document}
\frenchspacing
    
% Front matter
\frontmatter

\begin{titlepage}
    \begin{fullwidth}%
        \fontsize{18}{20}\selectfont\par\noindent{\allcaps{\thanklessauthor}}%
        \vspace{11.5pc}%
        \fontsize{30}{32}\selectfont\par\noindent{\allcaps{\thanklesstitle}}%
        \vspace{3pc}%
        \fontsize{23}{27}\selectfont\par\noindent{\allcaps{\subtitle}}%
        \vfill%
        \fontsize{14}{16}\selectfont\par\noindent\allcaps{\thanklesspublisher}%
    \end{fullwidth}%
    \cleardoublepage
\end{titlepage}
    
\mainmatter %<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

\part{Title of the first Part}

\chapter{Kant I. Pure logic depends on the transcendental unity of apperception}  
1. \kant[1-7]

\begin{enumerate}
    \item   A \gls{Stylus phantasticus}.    
    \item   A \gls{Exorde}.     
    \item   A \gls{Exordium}.
    \item   A \gls{Narratio}.
    \item   A \gls{Peroratio}.
    \item   A \gls{Propositio}.
    \item   A \gls{Pathos}.
    \item   A \gls{Tirata}.
\end{enumerate}

\part{Title of the second Part}
    \chapter{Kant II. The Transcendental Deduction would thereby be made to contradict our faculties}  
8. \kant[8-10]  

\backmatter

\full{\printglossaries}

\tableofcontents    

\end{document}

Answer 1