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这个广泛博弈模型树该怎么画呢？

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tikz-trees
这个广泛博弈模型树该怎么画呢？

如何绘制这个图形？

在此处输入图片描述

有一些关于如何绘制广泛游戏模型树的帖子，但我不知道如何修改它们以产生下图。

TikZ 的第 N 个问题和扩展形式游戏 博弈论树，实体节点大小

答案1

这是我的尝试：

\documentclass[border=0.2cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
    
\begin{document}
     
\begin{tikzpicture}[thick, node distance=3cm,on grid,
    Rec/.style = {
        draw, 
        minimum size = 1cm,
        outer sep=0},
    Circ/.style= {
        draw,
        circle,
        minimum size=1cm}]
 % Rectangles and circle
 \node[Rec,fill=gray] (rec1) {}; 
 \node[Rec,right=of rec1] (rec2) {};
 \node[Circ,right=of rec2] (circle) {};
 \node[Rec,above right=2cm and 3cm of circle] (rec3) {};
 \node[Rec,below right=2cm and 3cm of circle] (rec4) {};

    
% Directed lines
    \draw[-latex] (rec1) -- (rec2) edge node[above left](Nbuy){Buy}(circle);
    \draw[-latex] (circle) |- (rec3) node[pos=0.71,above]{Match}node[pos=0.71,below]{$m$}   (circle) |- (rec4) node[pos=0.71,below]{Mismatch}node[pos=0.71,above]{$1-m$} ; 
      
    \draw (rec3) |- ++(2,1) node[pos=0.71,above]{Keep} node[right]{$v-P$} (rec3) |- ++(2,-1)node[pos=0.75,below]{Return}  node[right]{$v-h$};

\draw (rec4) |- ++(2,1) node[pos=0.71,above]{Keep}  node[right]{$s-P$}(rec4) |- ++(2,-1)node[pos=0.75,below]{Return} node[right]{$-h$};
  
\draw (rec2) |- ++(8,-4) coordinate(Nnbuy)node[right]{$0$} ;
\node[above] at (Nbuy|-Nnbuy) {Don't buy} ;

 \node[below right,align=left,inner xsep=0,inner ysep=5pt]at (rec1.south west){Retailer \\ announces \\ $P$ and $T$};
 % Red dashed lines
 \draw[dashed,red] (2,4) -- (2,-5)(5,4) -- (5,-5)(10.75,4) -- (10.75,-5);
 
 % Top and bottom labels
 \node at (0.75,-4.75){\textbf{Retailer}};
 \node at (3.5,-4.75){\textbf{Consumer}};
 \node at (7.875,-4.75){\textbf{Consumer}};
 \node at (0.75,3.75){\textbf{Stage I}};
 \node at (3.5,3.75){\textbf{Stage II}};
 \node at (7.875,3.75){\textbf{Stage III}};
 \node at (11.5,3.75){\textbf{Utility}};
\end{tikzpicture}
 

\end{document}

得出以下结果： 在此处输入图片描述

您可以检查一下关于绘制框图的教程。

答案2

使用节点的解决方案child。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14159cm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,positioning}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    [grow=right, scale=1.,font=\normalsize,
    edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode) |- (\tikzchildnode.west)},
    edge from parent/.style={draw,-{Stealth[scale=2]}},
    level distance=3cm,
    sibling distance=3cm,
    level 4/.style={sibling distance=1.5cm},
    auto,transform shape,
    on grid]
    
    \tikzset{every node/.style={rectangle,minimum width=1cm,minimum height=1cm,draw}}
    \tikzset{edgenode/.style={draw=none,minimum height=0pt,rectangle,inner sep=3pt,pos=.75}}
    \tikzset{legend/.style={draw=none,minimum height=0pt,rectangle,inner sep=3pt}}
    
    \node[fill=gray](retailer) {}
        child { node (consumer){} 
            child { node[circle,fill=white] { }
                child { node {}
                    child { node[draw=none] {$-h$}
                    edge from parent node[edgenode,below] {Return}}
                    child { node[draw=none] {$s-P$}
                    edge from parent node[edgenode,above] {Keep}}
                edge from parent node[edgenode,below] {Mismatch} node[edgenode,above] {$1-m$}}
                child { node {}
                    child { node[draw=none] {$\nu c-h$}
                    edge from parent node[edgenode,below] {Return}}
                    child { node[draw=none] {$\nu-P$}
                    edge from parent node[edgenode,above] {Keep}}
                edge from parent node[edgenode,above] {Match} node[edgenode,below] {$m$}}           
            edge from parent node[edgenode,above] {Buy}}
        };
    
    \draw[edge from parent] (consumer) --++ (0,-4) --++ (8.5,0) node[edgenode,pos=.12,above] {Don't buy} node[anchor=west,draw=none,at end] {0};
    \draw[dashed]   (2,4) --++ (0,-9)
                    (5,4) --++ (0,-9)
                    (11,4) --++ (0,-9);
    \node[legend] at (0,-4.5) {Retailer};
    \node[legend] at (3.5,-4.5) {Consumer};
    \node[legend] at (8,-4.5) {Consumer};
    \node[legend] at (0,3.5) {Stage I};
    \node[legend] at (3.5,3.5) {Stage II};
    \node[legend] at (8,3.5) {Stage III};
    \node[legend] at (12,3.5) {Utility};
    \node[legend,text width=2cm,align=center] at (0,-1.3) {Retailer announces P and T};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

编辑 我编辑了我的帖子，但没有删除第一个版本。这是一个改进的版本，没有第一个快速脚本的缺陷。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14159mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,positioning}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    [line width=.5pt,
    grow=right, scale=1.,font=\normalsize,
    edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode) |- (\tikzchildnode.west)},
    edge from parent/.style={draw,-{Stealth[scale=1.5]}},
    level distance=3cm,
    sibling distance=3cm,
    level 4/.style={sibling distance=1.5cm},
    auto,transform shape,
    on grid]
    
    \tikzset{every node/.style={rectangle,minimum width=1cm,minimum height=1cm,draw}}
    \tikzset{edgenode/.style={draw=none,minimum height=0pt,rectangle,inner sep=3pt,pos=.75}}
    \tikzset{legend/.style={draw=none,minimum height=0pt,rectangle,inner sep=3pt}}
    
    \node[fill=gray](retailer) {}
        child { node (consumer){} 
            %
            child { node[circle] { }
            %
                child { node {}
                    %
                    child { node[draw=none] {$-h$}
                    edge from parent[-] node[edgenode,below] {Return}}
                    %
                    child { node[draw=none] {$s-P$}
                    edge from parent[-] node[edgenode,above] {Keep}}
                    %
                edge from parent node[edgenode,below] {Mismatch} node[edgenode,above] {$1-m$}}
                child { node {}
                    %
                    child { node[draw=none] {$\nu c-h$}
                    edge from parent[-] node[edgenode,below] {Return}}
                    %
                    child { node[draw=none] {$\nu-P$}
                    edge from parent[-] node[edgenode,above] {Keep}}
                    %
                edge from parent node[edgenode,above] {Match} node[edgenode,below] {$m$}}                   %
            edge from parent node[edgenode,above] {Buy}}
        };
    
    \draw (consumer) |- (11.5,-4) node[edgenode,pos=.56,above] {Don't buy} node[anchor=west,draw=none,at end] {0};
    
    \draw[dashed]   (2,4) --++ (0,-9)
                    (5,4) --++ (0,-9)
                    (11,4) --++ (0,-9);

    \node[legend] at (0,-4.5) {Retailer};
    \node[legend] at (3.5,-4.5) {Consumer};
    \node[legend] at (8,-4.5) {Consumer};
    \node[legend] at (0,3.5) {Stage I};
    \node[legend] at (3.5,3.5) {Stage II};
    \node[legend] at (8,3.5) {Stage III};
    \node[legend] at (12,3.5) {Utility};
    \node[below = 1.2cm of retailer,legend,text width=2cm,align=center] {Retailer announces P and T};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

v2

答案3

这是我尝试使用istgame包裹。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
    
\usepackage{istgame}
\usepackage{makecell}

\begin{document}

\begin{istgame}[edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode) |- (\tikzchildnode.west)}]

\setistgrowdirection'{east}
\setistmathTF001
\setxtarrowtips{latex}[very thick]

\setistNewNodeStyle{init}[rectangle,fill=gray]{1cm}
\setistNewNodeStyle{rect}[rectangle]{1cm}
\setistNewNodeStyle{circ}{1cm}

\tikzset{RR/.style={edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode.east)--(\tikzchildnode.west)}}} % (added)

\xtdistance{25mm}{30mm}
\istroot(0)[init]<[xshift=3mm]-90>{\makecell[l]{Retailer\\announces\\$P$ and $T$}}
  \istb<RR>[->-=.75] 
  \endist
\istrooto(1)(0-1)[rect]
  \istb<grow=0,RR>[->-=.75]{Buy}[above,pos=.3] 
  \istb<sibling distance=60mm,level distance=65mm>{Don't buy}[above,pos=.57]{0}
  \endist
\xtdistance{25mm}{30mm}
\istrooto(2)(1-1)[circ]
  \istB[->-=.93]{Match}[above,pos=.72]{$m$}[below,pos=.72]
  \istB[->-=.93]{Mismatch}[below,pos=.72]{$1-m$}[above,pos=.72]
  \endist
\xtdistance{15mm}{15mm}
\istrooto(3a)(2-1)[rect]
  \istb{Keep}[above,pos=.75]{v-P}
  \istb{Return}[below,pos=.75]{vc-h}
  \endist
\istrooto(3b)(2-2)[rect]
  \istb{Keep}[above,pos=.75]{s-P}
  \istb{Return}[below,pos=.75]{-h}
  \endist

\xtTimeLineV[dashed]([xshift=-7mm]1){3.5}{-4}{Stage I}[left=5mm]
\xtTimeLineV[dashed]([xshift=-7mm]2){3.5}{-4}{Stage II}[left=5mm]
\xtTimeLineV[dashed]([xshift=-1.5mm]3a-1){3.5}{-4}{Stage III}[left=15mm]
\xtTimeLineV[draw=none]([xshift=-1.5mm]3a-1){3.5}{-4}{\underline{Utility}}[right=2mm]
\xtTimeLineV'[draw=none]([xshift=-7mm]1){3.5}{-4}{Retailer}[left=5mm]
\xtTimeLineV'[draw=none]([xshift=-7mm]2){3.5}{-4}{Consumer}[left=5mm]
\xtTimeLineV'[draw=none]([xshift=-1.5mm]3a-1){3.5}{-4}{Consumer}[left=15mm]

\end{istgame}

\end{document}

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