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使用 tabularx 统一行高——可能是因为俄语和英语混合？

tag-icon • tag-icon tables tabularx babel input-encodings russian
使用 tabularx 统一行高——可能是因为俄语和英语混合？

我有一张表使用tabularx：

使用 tabularx 的表格

如您所见，行高不一致。我希望每行的高度都与第三行相同（无生命 | 无变化）。

我试过了[1ex]，但没有任何变化，即使使用例如，[0.1ex] 任何建议都值得赞赏。这是我的表格序言和代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian, english]{babel}
\usepackage[T1, T2A]{fontenc}

\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.95}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1}

\title{Lorem}
\author{Ipsum}
\date{\today}

\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\begin{document}
\noindent\begin{tabularx}{1\linewidth} { 
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}X 
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}X | }
 \hline
 Ending / Description& How to Decline \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Masculine} \\
 \hline
inanimate  & no change  \\
 \hline
 animate, a consonant  & \selectlanguage{russian}+а\selectlanguage{english} \\
 \hline
 animate, \selectlanguage{russian}й\selectlanguage{english}  & \selectlanguage{russian}-й, +я\selectlanguage{english}  \\
 \hline
 animate, \selectlanguage{russian}ь\selectlanguage{english}  & \selectlanguage{russian}-ь, +я\selectlanguage{english}  \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Feminine} \\
 \hline
 \selectlanguage{russian}а\selectlanguage{english}  & \selectlanguage{russian}-а, +у\selectlanguage{english} \\
 \hline
 \selectlanguage{russian}я\selectlanguage{english}  & \selectlanguage{russian}-я, +ю\selectlanguage{english}  \\
 \hline
 \selectlanguage{russian}ь\selectlanguage{english}  & no change   \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Neuter} \\
 \hline
 all nouns  & no change \\
\hline
\end{tabularx}

答案1

使用常规tabular 和包w中的列类型，您可以获得以下输出。我还通过array使用以下代码稍微缩短了代码：\foreignlanguage{russian}{...}\selectlanguage{russian}...\selectlanguage{english}

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian, english]{babel}
\usepackage[T1, T2A]{fontenc}

\usepackage{array}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.95}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1}

\title{Lorem}
\author{Ipsum}
\date{\today}


\begin{document}
\noindent\begin{tabular}{ 
  | wc{\dimexpr0.5\textwidth-2\tabcolsep-1.5\arrayrulewidth}
  | >{\selectlanguage{russian}} wc{\dimexpr0.5\textwidth-2\tabcolsep-1.5\arrayrulewidth}<{\selectlanguage{english}} | }
 \hline
 Ending / Description                   & \selectlanguage{english}How to Decline \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Masculine} \\
 \hline
 inanimate                              & \selectlanguage{english}no change  \\
 \hline
 animate, a consonant                   & +а \\
 \hline
 animate, \foreignlanguage{russian}{й}  & -й, +я \\
 \hline
 animate, \foreignlanguage{russian}{ь}  & -ь, +я  \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Feminine} \\
 \hline
 \foreignlanguage{russian}{а}           & -а, +у \\
 \hline
 \foreignlanguage{russian}{я}           & -я, +ю  \\
 \hline
 \foreignlanguage{russian}{ь}           & \selectlanguage{english} no change   \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Neuter} \\
 \hline
 all nouns  & no change \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

\end{document}

答案2

您可以切换到 XeLaTeX 或 LuaLaTeX，您可以加载fontspec包并省去表中的所有指令\foreignlanguage。\selectlanguage

在此处输入图片描述

%% to compile with either XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[russian, english]{babel}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{New Computer Modern}

%%\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{tabularx} % 'tabularx' loads 'array' automatically
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}

\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.95}


%%\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1} % '1' is the default


\begin{document}
\setlength\extrarowheight{2pt} % for a slightly more open "look"
\noindent
\begin{tabularx}{1\linewidth} { | C | C | }
 \hline
 Ending / Description & How to Decline \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Masculine} \\
 \hline
inanimate  & no change  \\
 \hline
 animate, a consonant  & +а \\
 \hline
 animate, й  & -й, +я  \\
 \hline
 animate, ь  & -ь, +я  \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Feminine} \\
 \hline
 а  & -а, +у \\
 \hline
 я  & -я, +ю  \\
 \hline
 ь  & no change   \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Neuter} \\
 \hline
 all nouns  & no change \\
\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}

答案3

原因是存在\selectlanguage{russian}，因为这个命令应该总是之间段落和列的开始X位置不正确。请\foreignlanguage按如下所示替换。

很少使用显式\selectlanguage：我可以想象它只在不同语言的文档部分中使用。环境otherlanguage和与用于插入一小段文本otherlanguage*一起使用更有用。\foreignlanguage

顺便说一下，表格单元格形成组，所以不需要使用\selectlanguage{english}。

请注意，最后声明的编码是默认编码，因此如果默认语言是英语，那么 T1 应该放在最后。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian, english]{babel}
\usepackage[T2A, T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\definecolor{light-gray}{gray}{0.95}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1}

\title{Lorem}
\author{Ipsum}
\date{\today}

\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\begin{document}

\noindent\begin{tabularx}{1\linewidth} { 
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}X 
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}X | }
 \hline
 Ending / Description& How to Decline \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Masculine} \\
 \hline
inanimate  & no change  \\
 \hline
 animate, a consonant  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{+а} \\
 \hline
 animate, \foreignlanguage{russian}{й}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-й, +я}  \\
 \hline
 animate, \foreignlanguage{russian}{ь}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-ь, +я}  \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Feminine} \\
 \hline
 \foreignlanguage{russian}{а}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-а, +у} \\
 \hline
 \foreignlanguage{russian}{я}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-я, +ю}  \\
 \hline
 \foreignlanguage{russian}{ь}  & no change   \\
 \hline
 \rowcolor{light-gray} \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Neuter} \\
 \hline
 all nouns  & no change \\
\hline
\end{tabularx}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

您可能会考虑为您的表格采用不同的布局。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian, english]{babel}
\usepackage[T2A, T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage{booktabs}

\begin{document}

\begin{tabular}{ @{\qquad} l c @{} }
\toprule
\multicolumn{1}{@{}l}{Ending/Description} & How to Decline \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{2}{@{}l@{}}{\itshape Masculine} \\
inanimate  & no change  \\
 animate, a consonant  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{+а} \\
 animate, \foreignlanguage{russian}{й}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-й, +я}  \\
 animate, \foreignlanguage{russian}{ь}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-ь, +я}  \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{2}{@{}l@{}}{\itshape Feminine} \\
\foreignlanguage{russian}{а}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-а, +у} \\
\foreignlanguage{russian}{я}  & \foreignlanguage{russian}{-я, +ю}  \\
\foreignlanguage{russian}{ь}  & no change   \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{2}{@{}l@{}}{\itshape Neuter} \\
 all nouns  & no change \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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