Tabularx 添加行导致表格消失并且边距错误

Question

我正在使用 tabularx 创建一个简单的两列表格，其中包含长文本。第一列应占宽度的约 1/3，第二列应占剩余宽度。

我有两个问题：

• 表格是在输出中创建的，但如果我添加超过一定数量的文本（我猜这取决于高度？），表格就会消失，只剩下标题。我猜它应该仍然适合页面。对于某些行来说，这也不是问题。我尝试了不同的组合，如果我注释掉足够多的行，它就会起作用。

• 右侧垂直线未与表格框对齐。

\begin{table}[ht]
  \label{tab:capitalism}
  \caption{The grammar of the project-oriented justificatory regime~\autocite[123]{capitalism}.}
    \begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|>{\hsize=.35\hsize}X|X|}
      \hline
      \multicolumn{2}{|X|}{Seventh justificatory regime} \tabularnewline \hline
       Equivalency principle (genereal standard) & Activity; project initiation; remote links between people \tabularnewline \hline
       A state of smallness & Inability to get involved, to trust in others, to communicate; close-mindedness, prejudice, authoritarianism, intolerance, stability, overreliance on one's roots, rigidity, etc. \tabularnewline \hline
       A state of greatness & Adaptability, flexibility, polyvalence; sincerity in face-to-face encounters; ability to spread the benefits of social connections, to generate enthusiasm and to increase teammates' employability \tabularnewline \hline
       Directory of subjects & Managers, coaches, innovators  \tabularnewline \hline
       Directory of objects & Computer and information technologies; New organisational devices (sub-contracting, flexibility, outsourcing, autonomous units, franchises, etc.) \tabularnewline \hline
       Natural relationships & Trusting and being trustworthy; ability to communicate; adaptability to others' needs \tabularnewline \hline
       Greatness ratio & `Great' persons enhance `small' person' employability in return for their trust and enthusiasm for project work, i.e., their ability to take part in another project \tabularnewline \hline
       %Format of investment & Ready to sacrifice all that could curtail one's availability, giving up lifelong plans  \tabularnewline \hline
       %Standard (paradigmic) test & Ability to move from one project to another  \tabularnewline \hline
       %Harmonious figure of natural order & Where the world's natural form resembles that of a network \hline
  \end{tabularx}
\end{table}

Answer 1

tblr环境的替代解决方案tabularray包：您可以为列指定系数X。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{biblatex}
\usepackage{caption}

\usepackage{tabularray}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[htp]
  \label{tab:capitalism}
  \caption{The grammar of the project-oriented justificatory regime~\autocite[123]{capitalism}.}
    \begin{tblr}{
      colspec = {|X[1]|X[2]|},
      cell{1}{1} = {c=2}{c}, %multicolumn
      hlines,
    }
      Seventh justificatory regime & \\
      Equivalency principle (genereal standard) & Activity; project initiation; remote links between people \\
      A state of smallness & Inability to get involved, to trust in others, to communicate; close-mindedness, prejudice, authoritarianism, intolerance, stability, overreliance on one's roots, rigidity, etc. \\
      A state of greatness & Adaptability, flexibility, polyvalence; sincerity in face-to-face encounters; ability to spread the benefits of social connections, to generate enthusiasm and to increase teammates' employability \\
      Directory of subjects & Managers, coaches, innovators  \\
      Directory of objects & Computer and information technologies; New organisational devices (sub-contracting, flexibility, outsourcing, autonomous units, franchises, etc.) \\
      Natural relationships & Trusting and being trustworthy; ability to communicate; adaptability to others' needs \\
      Greatness ratio & `Great' persons enhance `small' person' employability in return for their trust and enthusiasm for project work, i.e., their ability to take part in another project \\
  \end{tblr}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Answer 2

以下 MWE 显示了如何最大限度地减少表格中浪费的空白量，同时将第一列的宽度保持在总宽度的大约 1/3。如果您更喜欢使用两个X类型列的方法，请确保值\hsize加起来等于 2。或者，您也可以将p类型列用作第一列，然后让 latex 计算第二列所需的宽度，这应该比使用两个类型列的方法更容易X。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{biblatex}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{ragged2e}
\begin{document}

\begin{table}
  \label{tab:capitalism}
  \caption{The grammar of the project-oriented justificatory regime~\autocite[123]{capitalism}.}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}p{\widthof{Equivalency principle}}|X|}
%\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|>{\hsize=.66\hsize\raggedright\arraybackslash}X|>{\hsize=1.34\hsize}X|}
%\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{0.33\textwidth}|X|}
      \hline
      \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{Seventh justificatory regime} \tabularnewline \hline
       Equivalency principle (genereal standard) & Activity; project initiation; remote links between people \tabularnewline \hline
       A state of smallness & Inability to get involved, to trust in others, to communicate; close-mindedness, prejudice, authoritarianism, intolerance, stability, overreliance on one's roots, rigidity, etc. \tabularnewline \hline
       A state of greatness & Adaptability, flexibility, polyvalence; sincerity in face-to-face encounters; ability to spread the benefits of social connections, to generate enthusiasm and to increase teammates' employability \tabularnewline \hline
       Directory of subjects & Managers, coaches, innovators  \tabularnewline \hline
       Directory of objects & Computer and information technologies; New organisational devices (sub-contracting, flexibility, outsourcing, autonomous units, franchises, etc.) \tabularnewline \hline
       Natural relationships & Trusting and being trustworthy; ability to communicate; adaptability to others' needs \tabularnewline \hline
       Greatness ratio & `Great' persons enhance `small' person' employability in return for their trust and enthusiasm for project work, i.e., their ability to take part in another project \tabularnewline \hline
       Format of investment & Ready to sacrifice all that could curtail one's availability, giving up lifelong plans  \tabularnewline \hline
       Standard (paradigmic) test & Ability to move from one project to another  \tabularnewline \hline
       Harmonious figure of natural order & Where the world's natural form resembles that of a network \tabularnewline \hline
  \end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Answer 3

分数的总和\hsize应等于列数X。如果您想要 1:2 的比例，则必须使用不同的方法：

\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{
 |
 >{\hsize=\dimexpr 2\hsize/3\relax\raggedright}X
 |
 >{\hsize=\dimexpr 4\hsize/3\relax}X
 |
}

所以总和为 6/3 = 2。

我还建议您采用不同的方法来处理您的餐桌。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{biblatex}
\usepackage{caption}

\usepackage{enumitem} % for the second layout

\usepackage{lipsum} % for filler text

\begin{document}

\lipsum[1][1-4]

\begin{table}[htp] % don't forget p

\caption{The grammar of the project-oriented justificatory regime~\autocite[123]{capitalism}.}
\label{tab:capitalism} % the label must go after the caption

\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{
 |
 >{\hsize=\dimexpr 2\hsize/3\relax\raggedright}X
 |
 >{\hsize=\dimexpr 4\hsize/3\relax}X
 |
}
\hline
\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{Seventh justificatory regime}
\tabularnewline \hline
Equivalency principle (general standard) & 
  Activity; project initiation; remote links between people
\tabularnewline \hline
A state of smallness &
  Inability to get involved, to trust in others, to communicate; close-mindedness,
  prejudice, authoritarianism, intolerance, stability, overreliance on one's roots,
  rigidity, etc.
\tabularnewline \hline
A state of greatness &
  Adaptability, flexibility, polyvalence; sincerity in face-to-face encounters;
  ability to spread the benefits of social connections, to generate enthusiasm
  and to increase teammates' employability
\tabularnewline \hline
Directory of subjects &
  Managers, coaches, innovators
\tabularnewline \hline
Directory of objects &
  Computer and information technologies; New organisational devices
  (sub-contracting, flexibility, outsourcing, autonomous units, franchises, etc.)
\tabularnewline \hline
Natural relationships &
  Trusting and being trustworthy; ability to communicate; adaptability to
  others' needs
\tabularnewline \hline
Greatness ratio &
  `Great' persons enhance `small' person' employability in return for
  their trust and enthusiasm for project work, i.e., their ability
  to take part in another project
\tabularnewline \hline
%Format of investment &
%  Ready to sacrifice all that could curtail one's availability,
%  giving up lifelong plans
%\tabularnewline \hline
%Standard (paradigmic) test &
%  Ability to move from one project to another
%\tabularnewline \hline
%Harmonious figure of natural order &
%Where the world's natural form resembles that of a network
%\tabularnewline\hline
\end{tabularx}

\end{table}

\lipsum[1-8]

\begin{table}[!htp]

\caption{The grammar of the project-oriented justificatory regime~\autocite[123]{capitalism}.}
\label{tab:capitalism-again} % the label must go after the caption

{\centering Seventh justificatory regime\\}

\begin{itemize}[
  align=left,
  labelwidth=1em,
  leftmargin=1em,
  labelsep=0pt,
  itemsep=0pt,
]

\item \textit{Equivalency principle (general standard)} \\
  Activity; project initiation; remote links between people

\item \textit{A state of smallness} \\
  Inability to get involved, to trust in others, to communicate; close-mindedness,
  prejudice, authoritarianism, intolerance, stability, overreliance on one's roots,
  rigidity, etc.

\item \textit{A state of greatness} \\
  Adaptability, flexibility, polyvalence; sincerity in face-to-face encounters;
  ability to spread the benefits of social connections, to generate enthusiasm
  and to increase teammates' employability

\item \textit{Directory of subjects} \\
  Managers, coaches, innovators

\item \textit{Directory of objects} \\
  Computer and information technologies; New organisational devices
  (sub-contracting, flexibility, outsourcing, autonomous units, franchises, etc.)

\item \textit{Natural relationships} \\
  Trusting and being trustworthy; ability to communicate; adaptability to
  others' needs

\item \textit{Greatness ratio} \\
  `Great' persons enhance `small' person' employability in return for
  their trust and enthusiasm for project work, i.e., their ability
  to take part in another project

%\item \textit{Format of investment} \\
%  Ready to sacrifice all that could curtail one's availability,
%  giving up lifelong plans
%
%\item \textit{Standard (paradigmic) test} \\
%  Ability to move from one project to another
%
%\item \textit{Harmonious figure of natural order} \\
%Where the world's natural form resembles that of a network

\end{itemize}

\end{table}

\lipsum

\end{document}

实际上，我会避免h，并可能为材料设置一个较小的尺寸，这样可以更好地将其与上下文区分开来（并占用更少的空间）。

Answer 4

使用{NiceTabular}，nicematrix您可以为X列提供权重。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{caption}

\usepackage{nicematrix}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[htp]
  \label{tab:capitalism}
  \caption{The grammar of the project-oriented justificatory regime~1.}
    \begin{NiceTabular}{X[l,1]X[2]}[hvlines]
      \Block[l]{1-2}{Seventh justificatory regime} \\
      Equivalency principle (genereal standard) & Activity; project initiation; remote links between people \\
      A state of smallness & Inability to get involved, to trust in others, to communicate; close-mindedness, prejudice, authoritarianism, intolerance, stability, overreliance on one's roots, rigidity, etc. \\
      A state of greatness & Adaptability, flexibility, polyvalence; sincerity in face-to-face encounters; ability to spread the benefits of social connections, to generate enthusiasm and to increase teammates' employability \\
      Directory of subjects & Managers, coaches, innovators  \\
      Directory of objects & Computer and information technologies; New organisational devices (sub-contracting, flexibility, outsourcing, autonomous units, franchises, etc.) \\
      Natural relationships & Trusting and being trustworthy; ability to communicate; adaptability to others' needs \\
      Greatness ratio & `Great' persons enhance `small' person' employability in return for their trust and enthusiasm for project work, i.e., their ability to take part in another project \\
  \end{NiceTabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

您需要多次编译（因为nicematrix在后台使用 PGF/Tikz 节点）。