改变轴的方向，tikzpicture

Question

我想要得到一个如图所示的轴系统。

我尝试反转轴，但标签轴未放置在正确的位置。我可以重命名轴的其余部分，但绘制所有图形时改变坐标实在是太不舒服了。

请帮我。

\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{tikz}

\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{
        compat=1.8,
        every axis/.append style={
            axis lines=center,
            xlabel style={anchor=south west},
            ylabel style={anchor=south west},
            zlabel style={anchor=south west},
            tick align=outside,
        },
    }


\begin{document}
    

\begin{tikzpicture}
 \begin{axis} [
            xlabel={$x$},
            %ylabel={$z$},
            zlabel={$y$},
            y dir=reverse,
        ]
            \addplot3+ coordinates {(0,0,0) (4,0,0) (4,0,4) (0,0,4) (0,0,0)};
        \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}


\end{document}

Answer 1

您可以使用 更改轴的方向x=..., y=..., z=...。以下是示例：

\documentclass[tikz, border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis} [ 
            axis lines=center,
            x={(.5cm,-0.1cm)}, y={(0cm,0.5cm)}, z={(-0.3cm,-0.3cm)},
            xlabel={$x$},
            ylabel={$y$},
            zlabel={$z$},
            xmax=8, ymax=4, zmax=8,
            ticks=none,
            clip=false
        ]
            \addplot3+ coordinates {(0,0,0) (4,0,0) (4,0,4) (0,0,4) (0,0,0)};
            \addplot3+ coordinates {(0,2,0) (4,2,0) (4,2,4) (0,2,4) (0,2,0)};
            \node at (0,2,4)[above left] {$P(0,2,4)$};
        \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

您可以3dtools使用这里

 \documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,3dtools}% https://github.com/marmotghost/tikz-3dtools
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[line cap=round,line join=round, 
            3d/install view={phi=100,theta=70}]
            \path (1,0,0) coordinate (ez) (0,1,0) coordinate (ex)
            (0,0,1) coordinate (ey);
            \begin{scope}[x={(ex)},y={(ey)},z={(ez)}] 
                \draw[-stealth,thick] (0,0,0) -- (5,0,0) node[pos=1.05]{$x$};
                \draw[-stealth,thick] (0,0,0) -- (0,3.5,0) node[pos=1.05]{$y$};
                \draw[-stealth,thick] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,6.5) node[pos=1.15,thick]{$z$};
    \draw[thick] (0,0,0) -- (4,0,0)-- (4,0,4)-- (0,0,4)-- (0,0,0)
 (0,2,0)-- (4,2,0)-- (4,2,4) --(0,2,4) --(0,2,0)    
    (0,0,4) -- (0,2,4) 
    (4,0,4) -- (4,2,4)
    (4,0,0) -- (4,2,0)  
    ;
    \node at (0,2,4)[above left] {$P(0,2,4)$};
            \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}