Biblatex 同一文档中的多种引用样式

Question

我想在同一文档中使用不同的引用样式 - 最好只使用关键字，但使用不同的引用命令也可以。

这本质上这个问题来自 2012 年，没有得到令人满意的答案，但有人提到了 biblatex 2.0。我想既然已经过去了十年，我们现在使用的是 biblatex 3.16，可能会有类似这样的解决方案。

我的具体问题

我想引用第二手资料“作者年份。”，但主要来源“短作者 短标题”。两者都已经有一个与之关联的关键字（分别为“主要”和“次要”），我用它来区分我的参考书目。但坦率地说，我对目前所拥有的东西已经非常不了解，我甚至不知道如何开始设置这样的东西。

我想要的是

我得到了什么

平均能量损失

\documentclass[]{scrartcl}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
    @misc{plin.2003,
        title = {Briefe: Lateinisch-Deutsch = {{Epistularum}} Libri Decem},
        author = {Plinius Caecilius Secundus, Gaius},
        editor = {Kasten, Helmut},
        date = {2003},
        edition = {8. Aufl.},
        publisher = {{Artemis \& Winkler}},
        location = {{Düsseldorf [u.a.]}},
        isbn = {9783050055404},
        keywords = {primary},
        shorttitle = {Epist.},
        shortauthor = {Plin.}
    }
    @phdthesis{Rae.1991,
        author = {{Rae L. M.}},
        year = {1991},
        title = {A study of the versification of the African carmina Latina epigraphica},
        address = {Vancouver},
        type = {Diss.},
        keywords = {secondary}
    }
\end{filecontents}


\usepackage[autocite=footnote,
citestyle=authoryear-comp,
bibstyle=authortitle,
block=space,    
isbn=false,
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}


%the following might be irrelevant to the MWE, but it also might not. I put it in, because it's in my orininal file and it might affect things.
\renewcaptionname{ngerman}{\refname}{Bibliographie}
\AtBeginDocument{%
    \renewcommand*{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\textsc{#1}}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{journaltitle}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article, thesis]{title}{\mkbibemph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[thesis]{type}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{pages}{#1}
\renewcommand\multilistdelim{\addslash}
\renewcommand\finallistdelim{\addslash}
\renewcommand\newunitpunct{\addcomma\space}
\renewcommand\labelnamepunct{\adddot\space}
\renewcommand\revsdnamepunct{}
\renewbibmacro*{publisher+location+date}{
    \printlist{location}%
    \iflistundef{publisher}
    {\setunit*{\space}}
    {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}}%
    \printlist{publisher}%
    \setunit*{\space}%
    \usebibmacro{date}%
    \newunit}
\renewbibmacro*{institution+location+date}{%
    \printlist{location}%
    \iflistundef{institution}
    {\setunit*{\space}}
    {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}}%
    \printlist{institution}%
    \setunit*{\space}%
    \usebibmacro{date}%
    \newunit}
\renewbibmacro*{location+date}{%
    \printlist{location}%
    \setunit*{\space}%
    \usebibmacro{date}%
    \newunit}
\usepackage{xpatch}
\xpatchbibdriver{thesis}
{\printfield{type}% replace this
    \newunit}
{\printfield{type}% with this
    \setunit*{\addspace}}
{}
{}


%===============================
\begin{document}
    \footcite{plin.2003}
    
    
    \footcite{Rae.1991}
    
    
    \nocite{*}
    \printbibheading
    \printbibliography[keyword=primary,heading=
    subbibliography,%
    title={Primary}]
    \printbibliography[keyword=secondary,heading=
    subbibliography,%
    title={Secondary}]
    
\end{document}

Answer 1

总体而言，在同一文档中组合不同的引用样式仍然是不可能的。通常，可以通过巧妙的变通方法获得所需的输出。但没有官方界面可以混合样式。

对于您的情况，我建议您使用shorthand而不是shortauthor和shorttitle。该shorthand字段允许您将特定条目的引用标签“固定”为固定格式。在这种情况下shorthand = {\textsc{Plin.}~Epist.},会起作用。

\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}

\usepackage[autocite=footnote,
citestyle=authoryear-comp,
bibstyle=authortitle,
block=space,
isbn=false,
]{biblatex}

\renewcaptionname{ngerman}{\refname}{Bibliographie}

\renewcommand*{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\renewcommand\revsdnamepunct{}

\renewcommand\newunitpunct{\addcomma\space}
\DeclareDelimFormat[bib]{nametitledelim}{\addperiod\space}


\DeclareDelimFormat{multilistdelim}{\addslash}
\DeclareDelimAlias{finallistdelim}{multilistdelim}

\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{journaltitle}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article, thesis]{title}{\mkbibemph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[thesis]{type}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{pages}{#1}


\renewbibmacro*{publisher+location+date}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{publisher}
    {\setunit*{\space}}
    {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}}%
  \printlist{publisher}%
  \setunit*{\space}%
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit}
\renewbibmacro*{institution+location+date}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{institution}
    {\setunit*{\space}}
    {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}}%
  \printlist{institution}%
  \setunit*{\space}%
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit}
\renewbibmacro*{location+date}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \setunit*{\space}%
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit}
\usepackage{xpatch}
\xpatchbibdriver{thesis}
  {\printfield{type}% replace this
   \newunit}
  {\printfield{type}% with this
   \setunit*{\addspace}}
  {}
  {}


\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@misc{plin.2003,
  title       = {Briefe: Lateinisch-Deutsch = {Epistularum} Libri Decem},
  author      = {Plinius Caecilius Secundus, Gaius},
  editor      = {Kasten, Helmut},
  date        = {2003},
  edition     = {8},
  publisher   = {Artemis \& Winkler},
  location    = {Düsseldorf},
  isbn        = {9783050055404},
  keywords    = {primary},
  shorthand   = {\textsc{Plin.}~Epist.},
}
@phdthesis{Rae.1991,
  author   = {Rae, Lyn MacCrostie},
  year     = {1991},
  title    = {A study of the versification of the African carmina Latina epigraphica},
  address  = {Vancouver},
  type     = {Diss.},
  keywords = {secondary},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\begin{document}
  Lorem\footcite{plin.2003}
  ipsum\footcite{Rae.1991}

  \printbibheading
  \printbibliography[keyword=primary,heading=
  subbibliography,%
  title={Primary}]
  \printbibliography[keyword=secondary,heading=
  subbibliography,%
  title={Secondary}]
\end{document}