Tikz| 如何更改线条颜色和样式？

Question

我想知道如何改变图表中线条的颜色和样式，标记可以但线条不行。这是我的代码：

    \begin{minipage}[b]{.48\linewidth}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[y=.1714cm, x=.5cm,font=\sffamily]
    %axis
    \draw (1,0) -- coordinate (x axis mid) (9,0);
    \draw (1,0) -- coordinate (y axis mid) (1,35);
  %ticks
  \draw (1.5,1pt) -- (1.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {20$\times$10};
    \draw (2.5,1pt) -- (2.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {20$\times$20};
    \draw (3.5,1pt) -- (3.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {40$\times$20};
    \draw (4.5,1pt) -- (4.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {40$\times$40};
    \draw (5.5,1pt) -- (5.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {60$\times$30};
    \draw (6.5,1pt) -- (6.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {60$\times$60};
    \draw (7.5,1pt) -- (7.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {80$\times$40};
    \draw (8.5,1pt) -- (8.5,-3pt) node[anchor=north, rotate = 45, above=-.7cm] {80$\times$80};
  \foreach \y in {2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34}
        \draw (0.9,\y) -- (1.1,\y) node[anchor=east] {\y}; 
    %labels      
    \node[below=1.5cm] at (x axis mid) {Instances};
    \node[rotate=90, left=1cm] at (y axis mid) {CPU time [in hundreds of seconds]};
    %plots
    \draw plot[mark=*, mark options={fill=white}] file {f_3_2.data};
    \draw plot[mark=triangle*, mark options={fill=black} ] file {q_3_2.data};
    %legend
    \begin{scope}[shift={(2,24)}] 
    \draw (0,0) -- 
        plot[dashed, mark=*, mark options={fill=white}] (0.25,0) -- (0.5,0) 
        node[right]{Algo. LOQ};
    \draw[yshift=\baselineskip] (0,0) -- 
        plot[mark=triangle*, mark options={fill=black}] (0.25,0) -- (0.5,0)
        node[right]{Algo. \cite{Ref9}};
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

我明白了：

当我尝试通过以下代码更改线条颜色或样式时，它不起作用并且没有捕获错误：

\draw plot[style=dashed, draw=red, mark=*, mark options={fill=white}] file {f_3_2.data};

甚至连坐标标签的位置也不能改变！

感谢你们对我的帮助。

Answer 1

我宁愿使用pgfplots软件包。它有详尽的软件包手册，这是软件包安装的一部分，或者你可以在 CTAN 中通过谷歌搜索找到pgfplots 软件包手册。

一个不完整的例子（因为你的数据表未知）可以是：

\documentclass[border=3.141592]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    axis lines = left,
    xtick = {0,1,...,9},
    xticklabels = { ,
                    $20\times10$, $20\times20$, $40\times20$, $40\times20$,
                    $60\times30$, $60\times60$, $80\times40$, $40\times80$},
    x tick label style = {rotate=45, anchor=east},
    xmin=0, xmax=9.5, xlabel = {instances},
    ymin=0, ymax=35,  ylabel={CPU time [in hundreds of seconds]},
    legend pos={north west},
every axis plot post/.append style={thick}
             ]%axis
\addplot coordinates { (1,2)  (2,6)  (3,10)
                       (4,14) (5,18) (6,22)
                       (7,26) (8,30) (9,34)};
\end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

如何使用图表数据的示例，请参阅这个答案。