我使用 Windows 10 21H1 和 MikTeX (basic-miktex-21.12-x64.exe)。我刚刚安装了它，在命令行上执行此操作后，在 miktex-makefmt.log 文件中出现以下问题*：
initexmf --edit-config-file=pdflatex
这将打开一个文件，我在里面输入如下内容：
main_memory = 100000000
然后保存，关闭窗口并在命令行上执行以下操作：
initexmf --dump=pdflatex
顺便说一句，对我来说，这在过去一直有效（其他笔记本电脑），所以我认为它没有任何问题。
- 即使我可以看到严重错误行，但我不知道该怎么办……：
2022-02-05 17:37:55,689+0100 INFO miktex-makefmt - this process (10224) started by 'initexmf' with command line: miktex-makefmt.exe --engine=pdftex --dest-name=pdflatex --no-dump pdflatex.ini --engine-option=-tcx=cp227.tcx --enable-installer --miktex-disable-maintenance --miktex-disable-diagnose
2022-02-05 17:37:55,700+0100 INFO makefmt - found input file: C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex\latex\00miktex\pdflatex.ini
2022-02-05 17:37:55,705+0100 INFO makefmt - Creating the pdflatex format file...
2022-02-05 17:37:55,723+0100 INFO makefmt - Running miktex-pdftex.exe...
2022-02-05 17:37:55,723+0100 INFO makefmt - running: miktex-pdftex.exe --miktex-enable-installer --miktex-disable-maintenance --miktex-disable-diagnose --initialize --interaction=nonstopmode --halt-on-error --alias=pdflatex --job-name=pdflatex -tcx=cp227.tcx --enable-etex pdflatex.ini
2022-02-05 17:37:55,724+0100 INFO miktex-makefmt.core - start process: miktex-pdftex.exe --miktex-enable-installer --miktex-disable-maintenance --miktex-disable-diagnose --initialize --interaction=nonstopmode --halt-on-error --alias=pdflatex --job-name=pdflatex -tcx=cp227.tcx --enable-etex pdflatex.ini
2022-02-05 17:37:56,302+0100 FATAL miktex-makefmt - miktex-pdftex.exe failed on pdflatex.ini.
2022-02-05 17:37:56,302+0100 FATAL miktex-makefmt - miktex-pdftex.exe failed on pdflatex.ini.
2022-02-05 17:37:56,302+0100 FATAL miktex-makefmt - Info:
2022-02-05 17:37:56,302+0100 FATAL miktex-makefmt - Source:
2022-02-05 17:37:56,302+0100 FATAL miktex-makefmt - Line: 0
2022-02-05 17:37:56,321+0100 INFO miktex-makefmt - this process (10224) finishes with exit code 1
2022-02-05 17:37:56,321+0100 WARN miktex-makefmt.core - still open: C:\Users\micha\AppData\Roaming\MiKTeX\tex\generic\config\pdftexconfig.tex
2022-02-05 17:37:56,321+0100 WARN miktex-makefmt.core - still open: C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/config\pdftexconfig.tex.in
编辑 1：@UlrikeFischer 是的，我确实有一个反病毒程序：卡巴斯基全方位安全软件（但我之前的所有笔记本电脑/个人电脑上都有这个程序，从来没有出现过问题）
编辑 2：这是 initexmf.log 文件，其中有关于“路径”的错误行...^^：
2022-02-05 17:35:32,469+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:32,469+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (6136) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --rmfndb --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:32,469+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:32,469+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (6136) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:33,016+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:33,016+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (6340) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --update-fndb --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:33,032+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:33,047+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for user root directory (C:\Users\micha\AppData\Roaming\MiKTeX)...
2022-02-05 17:35:33,047+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for user root directory (C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\MiKTeX)...
2022-02-05 17:35:33,063+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for user root directory (C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX)...
2022-02-05 17:35:35,937+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for MPM...
2022-02-05 17:35:38,595+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (6340) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:38,892+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:38,892+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (14388) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --force --mklinks --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:38,892+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:38,892+0100 INFO initexmf - Collecting linked executables in target directory C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/bin/x64...
2022-02-05 17:35:38,923+0100 WARN initexmf - The lualatex executable could not be found.
2022-02-05 17:35:41,360+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (14388) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:41,641+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:41,641+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (16456) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --mkmaps --mklangs --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:41,641+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:41,641+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating language.dat, language.dat.lua and language.def...
2022-02-05 17:35:41,720+0100 INFO initexmf - running: mkfntmap --verbose --disable-installer --miktex-disable-maintenance --miktex-disable-diagnose
2022-02-05 17:35:41,720+0100 INFO initexmf.core - start process: mkfntmap --verbose --disable-installer --miktex-disable-maintenance --miktex-disable-diagnose
2022-02-05 17:35:46,765+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (16456) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:47,062+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:47,062+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (14032) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --default-paper-size=A4 --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:47,062+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:47,093+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (14032) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:47,390+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:47,390+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (16328) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --set-config-value=[MPM]AutoInstall=1 --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:47,390+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:47,390+0100 INFO initexmf - Setting config value: [MPM]AutoInstall=1
2022-02-05 17:35:47,437+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (16328) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:47,718+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:47,718+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (900) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --update-fndb --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:47,718+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:47,749+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for user root directory (C:\Users\micha\AppData\Roaming\MiKTeX)...
2022-02-05 17:35:47,796+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for user root directory (C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\MiKTeX)...
2022-02-05 17:35:47,796+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for user root directory (C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX)...
2022-02-05 17:35:50,249+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating fndb for MPM...
2022-02-05 17:35:52,889+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (900) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (14896) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --register-shell-file-types --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .asy
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .bib
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .cls
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .dtx
2022-02-05 17:35:53,186+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .dvi
2022-02-05 17:35:53,201+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .ltx
2022-02-05 17:35:53,201+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .pdf
2022-02-05 17:35:53,201+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .sty
2022-02-05 17:35:53,201+0100 INFO initexmf - registering file extension: .tex
2022-02-05 17:35:53,248+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (14896) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:53,529+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:53,529+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (16540) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --modify-path --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:53,529+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:53,529+0100 ERROR initexmf.core - Setting new user PATH:
2022-02-05 17:35:53,529+0100 ERROR initexmf.core - %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;%CLion%;%PyCharm%;C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\bin;C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex\bin\x64\
2022-02-05 17:35:53,607+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (16540) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:35:53,889+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:35:53,889+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (7812) started by 'basic-miktex-21.12-x64' with command line: initexmf --report --log-file=C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex/config\uninst.log --disable-installer --verbose
2022-02-05 17:35:53,889+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:35:53,904+0100 ERROR initexmf.core - Something is wrong with the PATH:
2022-02-05 17:35:53,904+0100 ERROR initexmf.core - C:\Perl64\site\bin;C:\Perl64\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\Common;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Wolfram Research\WolframScript\;C:\WINDOWS\System32\OpenSSH\;C:\Program Files\NVIDIA Corporation\NVIDIA NvDLISR;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\WINDOWS\System32\OpenSSH\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Program Files\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\CLion 2019.1.3\bin;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.1\bin;C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\bin
2022-02-05 17:35:53,920+0100 ERROR initexmf.core - Something is wrong with the PATH:
2022-02-05 17:35:53,920+0100 ERROR initexmf.core - C:\Perl64\site\bin;C:\Perl64\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\Common;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Wolfram Research\WolframScript\;C:\WINDOWS\System32\OpenSSH\;C:\Program Files\NVIDIA Corporation\NVIDIA NvDLISR;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\WINDOWS\System32\OpenSSH\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Program Files\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\CLion 2019.1.3\bin;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.1\bin;C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\bin
2022-02-05 17:35:53,982+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (7812) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:37:24,515+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:37:24,515+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (15952) started by 'cmd' with command line: initexmf --edit-config-file=pdflatex
2022-02-05 17:37:24,515+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:37:24,515+0100 INFO initexmf - Creating config file: C:\Users\micha\AppData\Roaming\MiKTeX\miktex\config\pdflatex.ini...
2022-02-05 17:37:24,546+0100 INFO initexmf.core - start process: notepad.exe C:\Users\micha\AppData\Roaming\MiKTeX\miktex/config\pdflatex.ini
2022-02-05 17:37:24,627+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (15952) finishes with exit code 0
2022-02-05 17:37:55,169+0100 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 4.7 (MiKTeX 21.12)
2022-02-05 17:37:55,170+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (15180) started by 'cmd' with command line: initexmf --dump=pdflatex
2022-02-05 17:37:55,170+0100 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2022-02-05 17:37:55,175+0100 INFO initexmf - running: miktex-makefmt.exe --engine=pdftex --dest-name=pdflatex --no-dump pdflatex.ini --engine-option=-tcx=cp227.tcx --enable-installer --miktex-disable-maintenance --miktex-disable-diagnose
2022-02-05 17:37:55,176+0100 INFO initexmf.core - start process: miktex-makefmt.exe --engine=pdftex --dest-name=pdflatex --no-dump pdflatex.ini --engine-option=-tcx=cp227.tcx --enable-installer --miktex-disable-maintenance --miktex-disable-diagnose
2022-02-05 17:37:56,331+0100 ERROR initexmf - sub-process error output has been saved to 'C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\MiKTeX\miktex\log\miktex-makefmt_2022-02-05-173756.out'
2022-02-05 17:37:56,332+0100 FATAL initexmf - The executed process did not succeed.
2022-02-05 17:37:56,332+0100 FATAL initexmf - Info: fileName="C:\Users\micha\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex\bin\x64\miktex-makefmt.exe", exitCode="1"
2022-02-05 17:37:56,332+0100 FATAL initexmf - Source:
2022-02-05 17:37:56,332+0100 FATAL initexmf - Line: 0
2022-02-05 17:37:56,334+0100 INFO initexmf - this process (15180) finishes with exit code 1