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我如何才能将箭头的标签对齐到可读的位置？

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tikz-arrows
我如何才能将箭头的标签对齐到可读的位置？

我很难将箭头标签对齐到紧凑且可读的位置。在绘图程序中，我可以轻松地将箭头文本放到可读的位置，但在 中却非常困难tikz。请查看所需图形的输出：

在此处输入图片描述

我的简单方法：

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,shorten >=2pt,shorten <=2pt,shape aspect=1]
    [%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
        arrow/.style={->, >=stealth, very thick},
    ]%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \node[block] (A) [cylinder, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=2.5cm,minimum width=2cm]{C};
    \node[block] at (140:7) (B) [rectangle, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=3cm]{Some Program} ;
    \node[block] at (40:7) (C) [rectangle, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=2cm,minimum width=3cm]{Some Program A};
    \node[block] at (90:5) (D) [circle, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=1cm]{D};
    \draw [arrow] (B) -- node[below] {latex is awesome, latex is awesome} (A) ;
    \draw [arrow] (C) -- node[below] {latex is awesome, latex is awesome} (A);
    \draw [arrow] (B) -- node[above] {latex is awesome} (D);
    \draw [arrow] (C) -- node[above] {latex is awesome} (D);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

这里我无法将箭头的标签协调到正确的位置。->为箭头添加样式。

答案1

使用相对坐标、quotes边缘标签（引号）库、定义图片元素作为其选项和彩色节点：

\documentclass[margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                shapes}


\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 22mm and 33mm,
every edge/.style = {draw, {Stealth[scale=0.8]}-{Stealth[scale=0.8]}, semithick,
                     shorten >=2pt, shorten <=2pt},
every edge quotes/.style = {auto, font=\footnotesize, inner xsep=-1em, 
                            text width=9em, align=center},
         C/.style = {circle, draw, fill=yellow!30, minimum size=5ex},
        DB/.style = {cylinder, shape aspect=0.5,
                     shape border rotate=90,
                     draw, fill=orange!30,
                     minimum width=16mm, minimum height=8mm, inner sep=1mm, align=center,
                    },
      mpnv/.style = {rectangle split, rectangle split parts=#1,
                     draw, fill=cyan!30, inner sep=1pt,
                     text width=7em, align=flush center},
         N/.style = {draw, fill=olive!30, minimum width=7em, minimum height=5ex},
                        ]
\node (A)   [N]                 {Some Program} ;
\node (D)   [C, right=of A]     {D};
\node (C)   [mpnv=3, right=of D,
             anchor=one west]  {Some Program A
                                 \nodepart{two}     Some Program B
                                 \nodepart{three}   Some Program C
                                 };
\node (DB)  [DB, below=of D]    {C};
%
\draw   (A)     edge ["latex is awesome"]   (D)
        (D)     edge ["latex is awesome"]   (C.one west)
        (A)     edge ["{latex is awesome,
                       latex is awesome}" ']   (DB)
        (DB)    edge ["{latex is awesome,
                        latex is awesome}" ']   (C.three west)
                   ;
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

附录 关于您的评论，您可以使用@unknow的建议（请参阅下面他/她的评论）或考虑我下面的评论并相应地稍微重写上面提出的MWE：

\documentclass[margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                shapes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 22mm and 23mm,                                      % <---
  base/.style = {font=\footnotesize, draw, fill=#1,                 % <---
                 text width=7em, align=flush center,                % <---
                 minimum height=8mm},                               % <---
every edge/.style = {draw, {Stealth[scale=0.8]}-{Stealth[scale=0.8]}, semithick,
                     shorten >=2pt, shorten <=2pt},
every edge quotes/.style = {auto, font=\scriptsize, inner xsep=0pt, 
                            text width=6em, align=flush center},    % <---
         C/.style = {circle, base=yellow!30, text width =8mm=5ex},
        DB/.style = {cylinder, shape aspect=0.3,                    % <---
                     shape border rotate=90,
                     base=orange!30,                                % <---
                     text width=16mm, inner sep=1mm, align=center,
                    },
      mpnv/.style = {rectangle split, rectangle split parts=#1,
                     base=cyan!30},                  % <---
         N/.style = {base=olive!30},
                        ]
\node (A)   [N]                 {Some Program} ;
\node (D)   [C, right=of A]     {D};
\node (C)   [mpnv=3, right=of D,
             anchor=one west]  {Some Program A
                                 \nodepart{two}     Some Program B
                                 \nodepart{three}   Some Program C
                                 };
\node (DB)  [DB, below=of D]    {C};
%
\draw   (A)     edge ["latex is\\ awesome"]   (D)
        (D)     edge ["latex is\\ awesome"]   (C.one west)
        (A)     edge ["{latex is awesome,
                       latex is awesome}" ']   (DB)
        (DB)    edge ["{latex is awesome,
                        latex is awesome}" ']   (C.three west)
                   ;
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

与第一个 MWE 相比，所有更改在代码中都用 标记% <---。除了字体大小的变化外，节点之间的距离和水平边缘的距离也发生了变化，边缘引号被分成了两行。因此，图像可以更窄——通过减少节点距离，就像我在上面的 MWE 中所做的那样。

如果您希望所有文本都采用脚本大小，则在上述 MWE 中，您只需要在base样式中更改定义字体大小：font=\scriptsize或者考虑@unknown 的建议并从样式中删除所有字体大小定义。

在此处输入图片描述

附录（2）： 如果您喜欢在边缘上方和下方有边缘引号，您可以将其分成两部分，然后使用其中一个swap或其快捷方式'：

\documentclass[margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                shapes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 22mm and 23mm,                                      % <---
  base/.style = {font=\footnotesize, draw, fill=#1,                 % <---
                 text width=7em, align=flush center,                % <---
                 minimum height=8mm},                               % <---
every edge/.style = {draw, {Stealth[scale=0.8]}-{Stealth[scale=0.8]}, semithick,
                     shorten >=2pt, shorten <=2pt},
every edge quotes/.style = {auto, font=\scriptsize, inner xsep=0pt,
                            TW=#1, align=flush center},             
         C/.style = {circle, base=yellow!30, text width =8mm=5ex},
        DB/.style = {cylinder, shape aspect=0.3,                    
                     shape border rotate=90,
                     base=orange!30,                                
                     text width=16mm, inner sep=1mm, align=center,
                    },
      mpnv/.style = {rectangle split, rectangle split parts=#1,
                     base=cyan!30},                  
         N/.style = {base=olive!30},
        TW/.style = {text width=#1},
      TW/.default = {6em}
                        ]
\node (A)   [N]                 {Some Program} ;
\node (D)   [C, right=of A]     {D};
\node (C)   [mpnv=3, right=of D,
             anchor=one west]  {Some Program A
                                 \nodepart{two}     Some Program B
                                 \nodepart{three}   Some Program C
                                 };
\node (DB)  [DB, below=of D]    {C};
%
\draw   (A)     edge ["latex is\\ awesome",
                      "{here is more\\ text;
                       but do such long labels make any sense?}" ' ]   (D)    % <---
        (D)     edge ["latex is\\ awesome"]   (C.one west)
        (A)     edge ["{latex is awesome,
                       latex is awesome}" ']   (DB)
        (DB)    edge ["{latex is awesome,
                        latex is awesome}" '
                      ]   (C.three west)
                   ;
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

或者在这种特殊情况下，当标签文本的数量为 evem 时，您可以为其定义锚点：

\draw   (A)     edge ["{latex is\\ awesome,
                        here is more\\ text;
                        but do such long labels make any sense?}" 
                        anchor=center ]   (D)
...

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

好的，下面快速检查一下您的代码，以清楚地说明我们所说的内容：

标签对齐

pos=0.75表示将节点放置在线长度的75％处。

text width=3cm非常明显，并且允许您在多行上书写。

我删除了[block]你没有定义的样式

有些元素仍有待制作，但这不是你的主要问题，所以我让他们这样，也许你可以问另一个关于那些特定项目的问题（例如，右边的分割矩形）。

欢迎随意评论和讨论。

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,positioning}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
        shape aspect=1,
        arrow/.style={->, >=stealth, very thick,shorten <=2pt,shorten >=2pt},
        ]
        \node (A) [cylinder, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=2.5cm,minimum width=2cm]{C};
        \node at (140:7) (B) [rectangle, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=3cm]{Some Program} ;
        \node at (40:7) (C) [rectangle, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=2cm,minimum width=3cm]{Some Program A};
        \node at (90:5) (D) [circle, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=1cm]{D};
        
    
        \draw [arrow] (B) -- (A) node[left=3mm, text width=2.7cm,align=center,red,pos=0.75] {latex is awesome, latex is awesome} ;
        
        \draw [arrow] (C) -- (A) node[right=3mm, text width=2.7cm,align=center,blue,pos=0.75] {latex is awesome, latex is awesome} ;
        
        \draw [arrow] (B) -- (D) node[above, text width=1.5cm,align=center,orange,pos=0.35] {latex is awesome} ;
        
        \draw [arrow] (C) -- (D) node[above, text width=1.5cm,align=center,pink,pos=0.35] {latex is awesome} ;
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

如果要拆分矩形，请使用以下行：

\node at (40:7) (C) [rectangle split,rectangle split parts=3, shape border rotate=90, draw,minimum height=2cm,minimum width=3cm]{Some Program A \nodepart{two} Some Program B \nodepart{three} Some Program C};

矩形分割

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