在 Texstudio 中使用 minted 时，编译器会抛出一个我无法解决的错误，也许有更多 LaTeX 经验的人可以给出一些提示。我很乐意提供所需的大量信息。
环境：
- MS Windows 11（版本 10.0.22000.739）
- Tex live 2022（pdfTeX 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.24）
- TeXstudio 编辑器
问题描述：
使用 minted 包时，编译器会紧急停止。-shell-escape 参数已在 Texstudio 命令配置中设置：
pdflatex.exe -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -shell-escape %.tex
类似问题的其他答案建议打开批处理模式而不是非停止模式，但这没有什么区别。
错误信息：
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.24 (TeX Live 2022) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2022.5.6) 10 JUL 2022 18:25
entering extended mode
\write18 enabled.
%&-line parsing enabled.
**main.tex
(./main.tex
LaTeX2e <2021-11-15> patch level 1
L3 programming layer <2022-04-29>
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Document Class: scrbook 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script document class (book)
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Package: scrkbase 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script package (KOMA-Script-dependent b
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(c:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/koma-script/scrbase.sty
Package: scrbase 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script package (KOMA-Script-independent
basics and keyval usage)
(c:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/koma-script/scrlfile.sty
Package: scrlfile 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script package (file load hooks)
(c:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/koma-script/scrlfile-hook.sty
Package: scrlfile-hook 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script package (using LaTeX hooks)
(c:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/koma-script/scrlogo.sty
Package: scrlogo 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script package (logo)
)))
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Package: keyval 2014/10/28 v1.15 key=value parser (DPC)
\KV@toks@=\toks16
)
Applying: [2021/05/01] Usage of raw or classic option list on input line 252.
Already applied: [0000/00/00] Usage of raw or classic option list on input line
368.
))
(c:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/koma-script/tocbasic.sty
Package: tocbasic 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script package (handling toc-files)
\scr@dte@tocline@numberwidth=\skip47
\scr@dte@tocline@numbox=\box50
)
Package tocbasic Info: babel extension for `toc' omitted
(tocbasic) because of missing \bbl@set@language on input line 137.
Class scrbook Info: File `scrsize11pt.clo' used instead of
(scrbook) file `scrsize11.clo' to setup font sizes on input line 2490
.
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File: scrsize11pt.clo 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script font size class option (11pt
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Package: typearea 2021/11/13 v3.35 KOMA-Script package (type area)
\ta@bcor=\skip48
\ta@div=\count185
\ta@hblk=\skip49
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Package typearea Info: These are the values describing the layout:
(typearea) DIV = 12
(typearea) BCOR = 14.22636pt
(typearea) \paperwidth = 597.50793pt
(typearea) \textwidth = 437.46118pt
(typearea) DIV departure = -11%
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(typearea) on input line 1743.
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\scr@dte@chapter@maxnumwidth=\skip53
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `afterindent=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\chapter on input line 5715.
\scr@dte@section@maxnumwidth=\skip54
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `runin=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\section on input line 5726.
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `afterindent=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\section on input line 5726.
\scr@dte@part@maxnumwidth=\skip55
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `afterindent=true'
(scrbook) for `\part on input line 5735.
\scr@dte@subsection@maxnumwidth=\skip56
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `runin=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\subsection on input line 5745.
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `afterindent=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\subsection on input line 5745.
\scr@dte@subsubsection@maxnumwidth=\skip57
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `runin=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\subsubsection on input line 5755.
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `afterindent=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\subsubsection on input line 5755.
\scr@dte@paragraph@maxnumwidth=\skip58
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `runin=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\paragraph on input line 5766.
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `afterindent=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\paragraph on input line 5766.
\scr@dte@subparagraph@maxnumwidth=\skip59
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `runin=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\subparagraph on input line 5776.
Class scrbook Info: using compatibility default `afterindent=bysign'
(scrbook) for `\subparagraph on input line 5776.
\abovecaptionskip=\skip60
\belowcaptionskip=\skip61
\c@pti@nb@sid@b@x=\box51
Package tocbasic Info: babel extension for `lof' omitted
(tocbasic) because of missing \bbl@set@language on input line 6962.
\scr@dte@figure@maxnumwidth=\skip62
\c@figure=\count193
Package tocbasic Info: babel extension for `lot' omitted
(tocbasic) because of missing \bbl@set@language on input line 6978.
\scr@dte@table@maxnumwidth=\skip63
\c@table=\count194
Class scrbook Info: Redefining `\numberline' on input line 7146.
\bibindent=\dimen138
)
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Package: minted 2021/12/24 v2.6 Yet another Pygments shim for LaTeX
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Package: etoolbox 2020/10/05 v2.5k e-TeX tools for LaTeX (JAW)
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Package: fancyvrb 2022/04/12 4.2 verbatim text (tvz,hv)
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Package: upquote 2012/04/19 v1.3 upright-quote and grave-accent glyphs in verba
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LaTeX Info: Redefining \\ on input line 3056.
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LaTeX Info: Redefining \setlength on input line 80.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \addtolength on input line 81.
\calc@Ccount=\count285
\calc@Cskip=\skip67
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Package: shellesc 2019/11/08 v1.0c unified shell escape interface for LaTeX
Package shellesc Info: Unrestricted shell escape enabled on input line 75.
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Package: etexcmds 2019/12/15 v1.7 Avoid name clashes with e-TeX commands (HO)
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Package: ifluatex 2019/10/25 v1.5 ifluatex legacy package. Use iftex instead.
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Package: framed 2011/10/22 v 0.96: framed or shaded text with page breaks
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\@float@every@listing=\toks20
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runsystem(if not exist _minted-main mkdir _minted-main)...executed.
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Package: xcolor 2021/10/31 v2.13 LaTeX color extensions (UK)
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Package xcolor Info: Driver file: pdftex.def on input line 227.
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runsystem(for ^%i in (pygmentize.exe pygmentize.bat pygmentize.cmd) do set > ma
in.aex <nul: /p x=^%~$PATH:i>> main.aex)...executed.
! Emergency stop.
<read 3>
l.5 \begin{document}
^^M
*** (cannot \read from terminal in nonstop modes)
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
7574 strings out of 480171
161188 string characters out of 5891539
629053 words of memory out of 5000000
25482 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
469559 words of font info for 29 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
36 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
108i,1n,106p,10599b,271s stack positions out of 10000i,1000n,20000p,200000b,200000s
! ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!
主文件：
\documentclass[bibliography=totoc,listof=totoc,BCOR=5mm,DIV=12]{scrbook}
\usepackage{minted}
\begin{document}
\begin{minted}[fontsize=\small]{yaml}
stack: exchange
- tex: stuff
platform: windows
\end{minted}
\end{document}
更新：
我重新安装了 Tex 环境，但仍然出现相同的错误。但现在我得到了额外的输出，也许这有助于缩小问题范围。
启动进程：pdflatex.exe -synctex=1 -shell-escape -interaction=nonstopmode "main".tex
Use of uninitialized value $ver in scalar chomp at C:/texlive/2022/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 196. Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/texlive/2022/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 197. Use of uninitialized value $ver in substitution (s///) at C:/texlive/2022/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLWinGoo.pm line 197.
fmtutil: fmtutil is using the following fmtutil.cnf files (in precedence order): fmtutil: c:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/web2c/fmtutil.cnf fmtutil: fmtutil is using the following fmtutil.cnf file for writing changes: fmtutil: c:/users/luke/.texlive2022/texmf-config/web2c/fmtutil.cnf fmtutil [INFO]: writing formats under c:/users/luke/.texlive2022/texmf-var/web2c fmtutil [INFO]: --- remaking pdflatex with pdftex
Can't spawn "cmd.exe": No such file or directory at c:\texlive\2022\texmf-dist\scripts\texlive\fmtutil.pl line 718. fmtutil [WARNING]: inifile pdflatex.ini for pdflatex/pdftex not found.
fmtutil [INFO]: not selected formats: 32 fmtutil [INFO]: failed to build: 1 (pdftex/pdflatex) fmtutil [INFO]: total formats: 33 fmtutil [INFO]: exiting with status 1
C:\texlive\2022\bin\win32\runscript.tlu:915: command failed with exit code 1: perl.exe c:\texlive\2022\texmf-dist\scripts\texlive\fmtutil.pl --user --byfmt pdflatex
Running the command C:\texlive\2022\bin\win32\fmtutil-user.exe
kpathsea: Running mktexfmt pdflatex.fmt The command name is C:\texlive\2022\bin\win32\mktexfmt
Prozess endete mit Fehler(n)
答案1
解决方案：
经过多次重新安装，我终于找到了导致错误的原因。在之前的故障排除过程中，我一定是不小心从系统变量 PATH 中删除了必需项，因此它无法再找到 cmd.exe。
pdf 编译器不会在错误消息中说明这一点。另外，TeXLive 安装需要 cmd.exe，自动下载程序虽然也无法工作，但如果使用 GUI 安装，则不会在错误消息中说明这一点。
当我使用文本模式安装时，我意识到了这个错误。将 Windows 二进制文件重新添加到系统变量 PATH 解决了这个问题。
总结： 如果尚未设置，请将“C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem”添加到系统变量 PATH（应为默认设置）。