如何在 Paracol 中对齐文本

Question

我正在使用该paracol软件包进行平行翻译。我注意到有时文本会超出其列并进入下一列。此外，此示例中的拉丁文没有对齐。有没有办法解决这两个问题并让文本正确对齐？一个例子是：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{paracol}
\usepackage{lettrine}

\begin{document}
\begin{paracol}{2}
\lettrine[lines=2]{I}{} \textsc{confess} to almighty God, to blessed Mary ever virgin, to blessed Michael the archangel, to blessed John the Baptist, to the holy apostles Peter and Paul, to all the saints, and to you, brethren, that I have sinned exceedingly in thought, word, and deed: (\emph{The priest strikes his breast three times, saying:}) through my fault, through my fault, through my most grievous fault. Therefore I beseech the blessed Mary ever virgin, blessed Michael the archangel, blessed John the Baptist, the holy apostles Peter and Paul, all the saints, and you, brethren, to pray to the Lord our God for me.
\switchcolumn
\lettrine[lines=2]{C}o\textsc{nfiteor} Deo omnipotenti, beatæ Mariæ semper virgini, beato Micheali archangelo, beato Joanni Baptistæ, sanctis Apostolis Petro et Paulo, omnibus Sanctis et vocis fratres, quia peccavi nimis cogitatione, verbo, et opere: mea culpa, mea culpa, mea maxima culpa. Ideo precor beatam Mariam semper virgenem, beatum Michaelem archangelum, beatum Joanem Baptistam, sanctos Apostolos Petrum et Paulum, omnes Sanctos et vos fratres, orare pro me ad Dominum Deum nostrum.
\end{paracol}
\end{document}

输出：

Answer 1

我不确定paracol改变换行符的惩罚是否是某种方式，但这个问题与列窄的事实关系不大paracol，所以文本需要一些连字符，但你没有告知 LaTeX 你正在使用的语言，所以（1）LaTeX 不能应用正确的连字符规则，所以第一个解决方案是使用babel。即便如此，一些单词的连字符可能会有问题，然后你可以手动添加一些软连字符（\-），或者使用包microtype帮助来尽量减少这类问题，和/或更好地\emergencystretch分配段落内的空格。添加\emergencystretch3em 的一种慷慨的方式（同时也增加了\tolerance糟糕程度）是添加 \sloppy（例如在序言中）。请注意，在这种情况下\sloppy 足以产生不错的结果（示例中未显示），但无论如何，使用 babel 和 microtype 是值得推荐的。

除此之外，题外话， \textsc根本没有必要，因为 \lettrine 的第二个参数默认是用小标题输入的：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage[english, latin]{babel}
\usepackage{paracol}
\usepackage{lettrine}

\begin{document}
\begin{paracol}{2}

\selectlanguage{english}
\lettrine[lines=2]{I}{ confess} to almighty God, to blessed Mary ever virgin, to blessed Michael the archangel, to blessed John the Baptist, to the holy apostles Peter and Paul, to all the saints, and to you, brethren, that I have sinned exceedingly in thought, word, and deed: (\emph{The priest strikes his breast three times, saying:}) through my fault, through my fault, through my most grievous fault. Therefore I beseech the blessed Mary ever virgin, blessed Michael the archangel, blessed John the Baptist, the holy apostles Peter and Paul, all the saints, and you, brethren, to pray to the Lord our God for me.
\setlength{\emergencystretch}{1em}

\switchcolumn
\selectlanguage{latin}
\lettrine[lines=2]{C}{onfiteor} Deo omnipotenti, beatæ Mariæ semper virgini, beato Micheali archangelo, beato Joanni Baptistæ, sanctis Apostolis Petro et Paulo, omnibus Sanctis et vocis fratres, quia peccavi nimis cogitatione, verbo, et opere: mea culpa, mea culpa, mea maxima culpa. Ideo precor beatam Mariam semper virgenem, beatum Michaelem archangelum, beatum Joanem Baptistam, sanctos Apostolos Petrum et Paulum, omnes Sanctos et vos fratres, orare pro me ad Dominum Deum nostrum.
\end{paracol}
\end{document}

Answer 2

看起来 Fran 抢先给了我一个答案，但是我已经编写了一个解决方案，可以自动切换语言的平行、垂直对齐的列，所以我会继续发布它。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[latin, english]{babel}
\usepackage{paracol}
\usepackage{lettrine}
\usepackage{microtype} % Enable font expansion.

\emergencystretch=3em % Allow wide word spacing as an alternative to paragraph breaking.
\columnsep=2em
\pagestyle{empty}

% Command for parallel multilingual columns within a paracol environment:
\newcommand\obverses[2]{%
  \begin{leftcolumn*}\begin{otherlanguage}{english}%
  {#1}%
  \end{otherlanguage}\end{leftcolumn*}%
  \begin{rightcolumn}\begin{otherlanguage}{latin}
  {#2}%
  \end{otherlanguage}\end{rightcolumn}%
}

\columnsep=2em

\begin{document}
\begin{paracol}{2}
\obverses
{\lettrine{B}{ut} I must explain to you how all this mistaken idea of reprobating pleasure and extolling pain arose. To do so, I will give you a complete account of the system, and expound the actual teachings of the great explorer of the truth, the master-builder of human happiness. No one rejects, dislikes or avoids pleasure itself, because it is pleasure, but because those who do not know how to pursue pleasure rationally encounter consequences that are extremely painful. Nor again is there anyone who loves or pursues or desires to obtain pain of itself, because it is pain, but occasionally circumstances occur in which toil and pain can procure him some great pleasure. To take a trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise, except to obtain some advantage from it? But who has any right to find fault with a man who chooses to enjoy a pleasure that has no annoying consequences, or one who avoids a pain that produces no resultant pleasure?}
{\lettrine{S}{ed} ut perspiciatis, unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam eaque ipsa, quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt, explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem, quia voluptas sit, aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos, qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt, neque porro quisquam est, \textbf{qui dolorem ipsum, quia dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing velit,} sed quia non numquam do eius modi tempora inci[di]dunt, ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum irure reprehenderit, qui in ea voluptate velit esse, quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum, qui dolorem eum fugiat, quo voluptas nulla pariatur?}

\obverses
{On the other hand, we denounce with righteous indignation and dislike men who are so beguiled and demoralized by the charms of pleasure of the moment, so blinded by desire, that they cannot foresee the pain and trouble that are bound to ensue; and equal blame belongs to those who fail in their duty through weakness of will, which is the same as saying through shrinking from toil and pain. These cases are perfectly simple and easy to distinguish. In a free hour, when our power of choice is untrammeled and when nothing prevents our being able to do what we like best, every pleasure is to be welcomed and every pain avoided. But in certain circumstances and owing to the claims of duty or the obligations of business it will frequently occur that pleasures have to be repudiated and annoyances accepted. The wise man therefore always holds in these matters to this principle of selection: he rejects pleasures to secure other greater pleasures, or else he endures pains to avoid worse pains.}
{ At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus, qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti atque corrupti, quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint, obcaecati cupiditate non provident, similique sunt in culpa, qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga. Et harum quidem rerum facilis est et expedita distinctio. Nam libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio, cumque nihil impedit, quo minus id, quod maxime placeat, facere possimus, omnis voluptas assumenda est, omnis dolor repellendus. Temporibus autem quibusdam et aut officiis debitis aut rerum necessitatibus saepe eveniet, ut et voluptates repudiandae sint et molestiae non recusandae. Itaque earum rerum hic tenetur a sapiente delectus, ut aut reiciendis voluptatibus maiores alias consequatur aut perferendis doloribus asperiores repellat.}
\end{paracol}
\end{document}