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单元格内容中心对齐

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单元格内容中心对齐

我正在使用 beamer 文档类制作一张科学海报，但是创建的表格所包含的项目的对齐方式不正确。

例如，如表格所示，值和单词位于每个单元格的中上部，而不是其本身的中心。这是我使用的表格的代码：

\begin{table}[h]
\begin{tabular}{l|cc|cc|}
\cline{2-5}
                                                                             & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{F8FF00}\textbf{Protein yield}}                                                 & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{68CBD0}\textbf{Carbohydrates yield}}                                           \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FE996B}\textbf{Factor}}                & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FAFC9D}\textit{p-value}} & \cellcolor[HTML]{FAFC9D}\textit{Contribution  / \%} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{B1E5E8}\textit{p-value}} & \cellcolor[HTML]{B1E5E8}\textit{Contribution  / \%} \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Microalgae Biomass}}    & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}}            & 89.5                                                & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}}            & 83.2                                                \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Pretreatment}}          & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0004}}            & 1.6                                                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}}            & 8.2                                                 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{NADES}}                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0212}}            & 0.6                                                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.0837}                                   & 0.3                                                 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Solvent:Biomass Ratio}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0001}}            & 2.2                                                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.5269}                                   & 0.1                                                 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Temperature}}           & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0046}}            & 0.9                                                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.1270}                                   & 0.3                                                 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Contact Time}}          & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0269}}            & 0.6                                                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0291}}            & 0.5                                                 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{NADES Concentration}}   & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0072}}            & 0.8                                                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.3719}                                   & 0.1                                                 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Interaction}}           & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}}            & 2.4                                                 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}}            & 5.9                                                 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

答案1

这是“带格”（或“笼状”）桌子的标准问题。

在下面的代码中，我使用\scriptsize使表格适合并添加与字母“g”在基线以下延伸的量相对应的高度。

请注意输入的大幅简化。

\documentclass[xcolor=table]{beamer}

% shorthands for cellcolors
\newcommand{\CC}[1]{\cellcolor[HTML]{#1}}
\newcommand{\SC}[1]{\color[HTML]{#1}}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}

\scriptsize
\setlength{\extrarowheight}{\fontchardp\font`g}

\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|}
\cline{2-5}
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{}
& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\CC{F8FF00}\textbf{Protein yield}}
& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\CC{68CBD0}\textbf{Carbohydrates yield}}
\\
\hline
\CC{FE996B}\textbf{Factor}
& \CC{FAFC9D}\textit{p-value} & \CC{FAFC9D}\textit{Contribution/\%}
& \CC{B1E5E8}\textit{p-value} & \CC{B1E5E8}\textit{Contribution/\%}
\\
\hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{Microalgae Biomass}    & \SC{FE0000} 0.0000 & 89.5 & \SC{FE0000} 0.0000 & 83.2
\\ \hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{Pretreatment}          & \SC{FE0000} 0.0004 &  1.6 & \SC{FE0000} 0.0000 &  8.2
\\ \hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{NADES}                 & \SC{FE0000} 0.0212 &  0.6 &             0.0837 &  0.3
\\ \hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{Solvent:Biomass Ratio} & \SC{FE0000} 0.0001 &  2.2 &             0.5269 &  0.1
\\ \hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{Temperature}           & \SC{FE0000} 0.0046 &  0.9 &             0.1270 &  0.3
\\ \hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{Contact Time}          & \SC{FE0000} 0.0269 &  0.6 & \SC{FE0000} 0.0291 &  0.5
\\ \hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{NADES Concentration}   & \SC{FE0000} 0.0072 &  0.8 &             0.3719 &  0.1
\\ \hline
\CC{FFE0BB}\textit{Interaction}           & \SC{FE0000} 0.0000 &  2.4 & \SC{FE0000} 0.0000 &  5.9
\\ \hline
\end{tabular}

\end{frame}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

软件包的解决方案cellspace，它允许您使用以字母 S（或 C，如果您使用 ，或任何您想要的字母，带有加载时间选项）为前缀的说明符来定义列中单元格顶部和底部的最小垂直间距。软件包还为列标题提供siunitx帮助。makecell

    \documentclass[table]{beamer}
    \usepackage{makecell}
    \usepackage{cellspace}
    \setlength{\cellspacetoplimit}{4pt}
    \setlength{\cellspacebottomlimit}{4pt}

    \begin{document}

    \begin{frame}
    \renewcommand{\theadfont}{\small\itshape}
    \small
      \begin{table}[h]
    \begin{tabular}{l|ScSc|ScSc|}
    \cline{2-5}
     & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{F8FF00}\textbf{Protein yield}} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{68CBD0}\textbf{Carbohydrates yield}} \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FE996B}\textbf{Factor}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FAFC9D}\textit{p-value}} & \cellcolor[HTML]{FAFC9D}\thead{Contribution\\ / \%} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{B1E5E8}\textit{p-value}} & \cellcolor[HTML]{B1E5E8}\thead{Contribution\\ / \%} \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Microalgae Biomass}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}} & 89.5 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}} & 83.2 \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Pretreatment}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0004}} & 1.6 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}} & 8.2 \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{NADES}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0212}} & 0.6 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.0837} & 0.3 \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Solvent:Biomass Ratio}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0001}} & 2.2 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.5269} & 0.1 \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Temperature}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0046}} & 0.9 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.1270} & 0.3 \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Contact Time}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0269}} & 0.6 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0291}} & 0.5 \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{NADES Concentration}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0072}} & 0.8 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.3719} & 0.1 \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{1}{|l|}{\cellcolor[HTML]{FFE0BB}\textit{Interaction}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}} & 2.4 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{{\color[HTML]{FE0000} 0.0000}} & 5.9 \\ \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \end{table}
    \end{frame}

    \end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

我减小了字体大小并在行上方添加了小空间。

此外，还可以减少表格的宽度。例如，p 值中的小数位数可以减少到 3 位，列名可以分成多行；例如，您可以使用较短的列名并添加注释以进行解释等。表格会变得更窄，略高，但可能会更好地适应框架并改善其呈现效果，这是一个温和的建议

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{xcolor,colortbl}

\sisetup{
  round-mode = places,
}

\definecolor{pyield}{HTML}{F8FF00}
\definecolor{cyield}{HTML}{68CBD0}
\definecolor{fheading}{HTML}{FE996B}
\definecolor{fnames}{HTML}{FFE0BB}
\definecolor{pvalue}{HTML}{FF0000}

\newcommand\xgrthead[1]{\textbf{#1}}
\newcommand\xcname[1]{\textit{#1}}
\newcommand\TB[1]{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c@{}}#1\end{tabular}}
\newcommand\pvalsig[1]{%
  \textcolor{pvalue}{\tablenum[table-format=1.3,round-precision=3]{#1}}}


\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
  \begin{table}[h]
    \setlength\extrarowheight{1pt}
    \fontsize{8pt}{10pt}\selectfont
    \begin{tabular}{
      >{\columncolor{fnames}}l
      c
      S[table-format=2.1,round-precision=1]
      S[table-format=1.3,round-precision=3]
      S[table-format=2.1,round-precision=1]
    }
      \cline{2-5}
      \multicolumn{1}{c}{\cellcolor{white}}
        & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\cellcolor{pyield}\xgrthead{\TB{Protein\\yield}}}
        & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\cellcolor{cyield}\xgrthead{\TB{Carbohydrates\\yield}}} \\
      \hline
      \cellcolor{fheading}\xgrthead{Factor}
        & {\cellcolor{pyield!35}\xcname{p-value}}
        & {\cellcolor{pyield!35}\xcname{Contr.$^{*}$}}
        & {\cellcolor{cyield!35}\xcname{p-value}}
        & {\cellcolor{cyield!35}\xcname{Contr.$^{*}$}} \\
      \hline
      \xcname{Microalgae Biomass}    & \pvalsig{0.0000} & 89.5 & \pvalsig{0.0000} & 83.2 \\
      \xcname{Pretreatment}          & \pvalsig{0.0004} &  1.6 & \pvalsig{0.0000} &  8.2 \\
      \xcname{NADES}                 & \pvalsig{0.0212} &  0.6 &          0.0837  &  0.3 \\
      \xcname{Solvent:Biomass Ratio} & \pvalsig{0.0001} &  2.2 &          0.5269  &  0.1 \\
      \xcname{Temperature}           & \pvalsig{0.0046} &  0.9 &          0.1270  &  0.3 \\
      \xcname{Contact Time}          & \pvalsig{0.0269} &  0.6 & \pvalsig{0.0291} &  0.5 \\
      \xcname{NADES Concentration}   & \pvalsig{0.0072} &  0.8 &          0.3719  &  0.1 \\
      \xcname{Interaction}           & \pvalsig{0.0000} &  2.4 & \pvalsig{0.0000} &  5.9 \\
      \hline
      \cellcolor{white} & \multicolumn{4}{@{}c@{}}{$^{*}$\footnotesize Contributions displayed in (\%)}
    \end{tabular}
  \end{table}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

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