如何在页面坐标系中分离和定位 tkzpicture 图形

Question

嗨！我想了解如何在 tkzpicture 图形上应用 Latex 页面坐标系。我想正确定位三角形的中心点相对于圆的 x 轴。另外，我想将三角形​​锚定在页面的西边，将圆锚定在页面的东边。

这是我的代码：

\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw[very thin] (0,0)--(3,0)--(3,2)--cycle;
    
    \coordinate[label=left:$P$](P)  at  (0,0);
    \coordinate[label=right:$Q$](Q)  at  (3,0);
    \coordinate[label=above:$R$](R)  at   (3,2);
    
    \tkzLabelSegment[below=2pt](P,Q){$x$}
    \tkzLabelSegment[right=2pt](Q,R){$y$} 
    \tkzLabelSegment[above left=-6pt](P,R){$\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$}
    
    \tkzMarkAngle[size=0.7](P,R,Q)
    \tkzLabelAngle[pos=1](Q,P,R){$\varphi$}
    \tkzMarkAngle[size=0.8](Q,P,R)
    \tkzLabelAngle[pos=1](P,R,Q){$\psi$}
    \tkzMarkRightAngle(P,Q,R)
\end{tikzpicture}
\qquad
\begin{tikzpicture}[r]
    \draw [thin, gray, ->] (0,-3) -- (0,3)      % draw y-axis line
    node [above, black] {$y$};              % add label for y-axis
    
    \draw [thin, gray, ->] (-3,0) -- (3,0)      % draw x-axis line
    node [right, black] {$x$};              % add label for x-axis
    
    %circle
    \draw[fill=none, very thin](0,0) circle (2.5);
    \draw[fill=black](0,0) node [below left] {$O$};
    
    %dots % their lines
    \draw [dashed] (1.76,0) -- (1.76,1.76) -- (-1.76,1.76);
    \draw [very thin] (0,0) -- (1.76,1.76)  node[circle,black,fill,inner sep=1pt]{} node[above right]{$P_{\varphi}$};
    
    \draw [dashed] (-1.76,0) -- (-1.76,1.76);
    \draw[very  thin] (0,0) -- (-1.76,1.76)  node[circle,black,fill,inner sep=1pt]{} node[above left]{$P_{\frac{\pi}{2}-\varphi}$};
    
    %angles
    \draw (1.1,0) arc (0:135:1.1)node[above left,pos=0.65]{$\frac{\pi}{2}-\varphi$};
    
    \draw (0.5,0) arc (0:45:0.5)node[above right,pos=0.1]{$\varphi$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

请将您的修改应用于样本论文中提供的代码。

谢谢

Answer 1

我不完全明白你到底想要什么，但我认为你想将左图与正文的左边距对齐，将右图与正文的右边距对齐。因此，也许你想要的是这样的，它会另外对齐两张图片的 x 轴（\lipsum添加文本以说明与正文边距的对齐）：

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usepackage{lipsum}

\begin{document}

\lipsum[1]

\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=0pt]
    \draw[very thin] (0,0)--(3,0)--(3,2)--cycle;
    
    \coordinate[label=left:$P$](P)  at  (0,0);
    \coordinate[label=right:$Q$](Q)  at  (3,0);
    \coordinate[label=above:$R$](R)  at   (3,2);
    
    \tkzLabelSegment[below=2pt](P,Q){$x$}
    \tkzLabelSegment[right=2pt](Q,R){$y$} 
    \tkzLabelSegment[above left=-6pt](P,R){$\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$}
    
    \tkzMarkAngle[size=0.7](P,R,Q)
    \tkzLabelAngle[pos=1](Q,P,R){$\varphi$}
    \tkzMarkAngle[size=0.8](Q,P,R)
    \tkzLabelAngle[pos=1](P,R,Q){$\psi$}
    \tkzMarkRightAngle(P,Q,R)
\end{tikzpicture}
\hfill
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=0pt]
    \draw [thin, gray, ->] (0,-3) -- (0,3)      % draw y-axis line
    node [above, black] {$y$};              % add label for y-axis
    
    \draw [thin, gray, ->] (-3,0) -- (3,0)      % draw x-axis line
    node [right, black] {$x$};              % add label for x-axis
    
    %circle
    \draw[fill=none, very thin](0,0) circle (2.5);
    \draw[fill=black](0,0) node [below left] {$O$};
    
    %dots % their lines
    \draw [dashed] (1.76,0) -- (1.76,1.76) -- (-1.76,1.76);
    \draw [very thin] (0,0) -- (1.76,1.76)  node[circle,black,fill,inner sep=1pt]{} node[above right]{$P_{\varphi}$};
    
    \draw [dashed] (-1.76,0) -- (-1.76,1.76);
    \draw[very  thin] (0,0) -- (-1.76,1.76)  node[circle,black,fill,inner sep=1pt]{} node[above left]{$P_{\frac{\pi}{2}-\varphi}$};
    
    %angles
    \draw (1.1,0) arc (0:135:1.1)node[above left,pos=0.65]{$\frac{\pi}{2}-\varphi$};
    
    \draw (0.5,0) arc (0:45:0.5)node[above right,pos=0.1]{$\varphi$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\lipsum[1]

\end{document}

或者也许你想让两张图片垂直居中对齐：

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usepackage{lipsum}

\begin{document}

\lipsum[1]

\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)]
    \draw[very thin] (0,0)--(3,0)--(3,2)--cycle;
    
    \coordinate[label=left:$P$](P)  at  (0,0);
    \coordinate[label=right:$Q$](Q)  at  (3,0);
    \coordinate[label=above:$R$](R)  at   (3,2);
    
    \tkzLabelSegment[below=2pt](P,Q){$x$}
    \tkzLabelSegment[right=2pt](Q,R){$y$} 
    \tkzLabelSegment[above left=-6pt](P,R){$\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$}
    
    \tkzMarkAngle[size=0.7](P,R,Q)
    \tkzLabelAngle[pos=1](Q,P,R){$\varphi$}
    \tkzMarkAngle[size=0.8](Q,P,R)
    \tkzLabelAngle[pos=1](P,R,Q){$\psi$}
    \tkzMarkRightAngle(P,Q,R)
\end{tikzpicture}
\hfill
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)]
    \draw [thin, gray, ->] (0,-3) -- (0,3)      % draw y-axis line
    node [above, black] {$y$};              % add label for y-axis
    
    \draw [thin, gray, ->] (-3,0) -- (3,0)      % draw x-axis line
    node [right, black] {$x$};              % add label for x-axis
    
    %circle
    \draw[fill=none, very thin](0,0) circle (2.5);
    \draw[fill=black](0,0) node [below left] {$O$};
    
    %dots % their lines
    \draw [dashed] (1.76,0) -- (1.76,1.76) -- (-1.76,1.76);
    \draw [very thin] (0,0) -- (1.76,1.76)  node[circle,black,fill,inner sep=1pt]{} node[above right]{$P_{\varphi}$};
    
    \draw [dashed] (-1.76,0) -- (-1.76,1.76);
    \draw[very  thin] (0,0) -- (-1.76,1.76)  node[circle,black,fill,inner sep=1pt]{} node[above left]{$P_{\frac{\pi}{2}-\varphi}$};
    
    %angles
    \draw (1.1,0) arc (0:135:1.1)node[above left,pos=0.65]{$\frac{\pi}{2}-\varphi$};
    
    \draw (0.5,0) arc (0:45:0.5)node[above right,pos=0.1]{$\varphi$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\lipsum[1]

\end{document}