\makecell 带字体和换行符

Question

我在使用带有换行符的 s中的\textbf或等字体时遇到了一些麻烦。以下代码有效：\spacedlowsmallcaps\makecell

\begin{table}
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{lcc}
        \toprule
        \textbf{HEADER 1} & \spacedlowsmallcaps{Header 2} & \spacedlowsmallcaps{Header 3} \\
        \midrule
        cell 1 & cell 2 & cell 3 \\
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

但是，如果第二个标题很长并且需要换行符而我想使用它\makecell来获得良好的格式，则会收到错误：

\begin{table}
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{lcc}
        \toprule
        \textbf{HEADER 1} & \makecell[c]{\spacedlowsmallcaps{Very Long Header 2\\that needs a line break}} & \spacedlowsmallcaps{Header 3} \\
        \midrule
        cell 1 & cell 2 & cell 3 \\
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

这里，LaTeX 向我抛出了以下多个错误：

Missing } inserted.
  <inserted text>
Extra }, or forgotten \endgroup.
  <recently read> \egroup

这是为什么？我该如何解决？我知道我可以将长文本拆分成

\spacedlowsmallcaps{Very Long Header 2}\\\spacedlowsmallcaps{that needs a line break}

newcommand但这会使代码变得更加混乱，如果我想在只传递可能包含或不包含换行符的文本的地方使用它，它就不起作用。

编辑1：更清楚一点：当我用类似或 之\spacedlowsmallcaps类的东西替换时，同样适用。\textbf\textit

编辑2：根据要求，这里有一份完整的文档来说明该问题：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{makecell}

\newcommand{\tableheader}[2]{\makecell[#1]{\textbf{#2}}}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{lcc}
        \toprule
        % \textbf{HEADER 1} & \makecell[c]{\textbf{Very Long Header 2\\that needs a line break}} & \textbf{Header 3} \\
        % the above line does not work
        % \textbf{HEADER 1} & \makecell[c]{\textbf{Very Long Header 2}\\\textbf{that needs a line break}} & \textbf{Header 3} \\
        % this line is syntactically correct,
        % but it becomes a problem when using it with a predefined command:
        \tableheader{l}{HEADER 1} & \tableheader{c}{Very Long Header 2\\that needs a line break} & \tableheader{c}{Header 3} \\
        \midrule
        cell 1 & cell 2 & cell 3 \\
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}

Answer 1

不用重新发明轮子，而是使用包中为以下情况提供的\thead宏：makecell

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{makecell}

\renewcommand\theadfont{\bfseries}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{lcc}
        \toprule
         \thead{HEADER 1} & \thead[c]{Very Long Header 2\\that needs a line break} & \thead{Header 3} \\
        \midrule
        cell 1 & cell 2 & cell 3 \\
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}

Answer 2

编辑：
使用makcell每个用某些命令格式化的行，作为在行终止之前必须关闭的命令。所以\textbf{...}，\spacedlowsmallcaps{...}

\makecell[c]{\spacedlowsmallcaps{Very Long Header 2 \\
                                 that needs a line break}}

是错误的，

\makecell[c]{\spacedlowsmallcaps{Very Long Header 2}\\
             \spacedlowsmallcaps{that needs a line break}}

是正确的。

根据上述规则，你的代码片段应该写成：

\begin{table}[ht]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{lcc}
        \toprule
        \textbf{HEADER 1} & \spacedlowsmallcaps{Header 2} & \spacedlowsmallcaps{Header 3} \\
        \midrule
        cell 1 & cell 2 & cell 3 \\
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[ht]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{lcc}
        \toprule
\textbf{HEADER 1} & \makecell[c]{\spacedlowsmallcaps{Very Long Header 2}\\ 
                                 \spacedlowsmallcaps{that needs a line break}}
                    & \spacedlowsmallcaps{Header 3} \\
        \midrule
        cell 1 & cell 2 & cell 3 \\
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[ht]
    \centering
    \begin{tblr}{colspec={lcc}, row{1}={m}}
        \toprule
\textbf{HEADER 1} & {\spacedlowsmallcaps{Very Long Header 2}\\
                     \spacedlowsmallcaps{that needs a line break}}
                    & \spacedlowsmallcaps{Header 3} \\
        \midrule
        cell 1 & cell 2 & cell 3 \\
    \end{tblr}
\end{table}

当您提供带有表格的完整小文档时，我将能够完成提供的代码片段。

对于最后一张表，您需要在序言中加载。

\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs}

附录：

• 在某些情况下，当格式化文本的命令可以用开关替换时，例如\textbf{...}，\bfseries你可以写

\textbf{HEADER 1} & \bfseries\makecell[c]{Very Long Header 2\\
                                          that needs a line break}
                    & \textbf{Header 3} \\

这相当于@samcarter_is_at_topanswers.xyz 答案中提出的解决方案。

• 在类似情况下，使用tabularry包会非常方便。例如，您添加到问题的示例可以写成：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[ht]
    \centering
\begin{tblr}{colspec={lcc},
             row{1} = {font=\bfseries, c, m}
             }
    \toprule
HEADER 1    &  {Very Long Header 2\\ that needs a line break}
                        & header 3  \\
    
    \midrule
cell 1      & cell 2    & cell 3    \\
cell 1      & cell 2    & cell 3    \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tblr}
    \end{table}
\end{document}