斜面 Tikz

Question

我想要画一个简单的图画，一个盒子位于一个倾斜的平面和一个粗糙的水平面上，如下图所示。

我最终从中汲取了灵感，编写了以下代码此链接以及 Zarko 的回答和评论：

    \begin{figure}
    %Inclined Plane, horizontal plane
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[thick]

            \def\ang{150}

            % Inclined plane
            \draw (0,0) coordinate[pos=1.,label={[above=1mm]{B}}] (B)  -- ++ (\ang:5) coordinate[label=above left:A] (A) |- (B) coordinate[pos=0.5] (O);


            % Angle Theta on the background wrt the inclined plane
            \begin{scope}[on background layer]
                \pic [draw, thick, -, "$\theta$", angle eccentricity=1.35, fill=gray!30, angle radius=10mm] {angle=A--B--O};
            \end{scope}

            % Horizontal plane
            \draw   (B) -- node[below=2mm] {$\mu$} ++ (3,0) coordinate[label=right:C] (aux);
            \path   [pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={2pt},
                  line width=0.1pt]},
                  pattern color=gray]  (B) rectangle ++ (3,-0.2);
            
        
            % h
            \draw (O) -- node[midway,left=2mm] {$h$} (A);


            % Mass
            \begin{scope}[on background layer]
                \node (M) [draw=black,
                fill=yellow!60,
                minimum width=0.5cm,
                minimum height=0.5cm,
                anchor=north east,
                rotate=\ang,
                label=south west:$m$] at (A) {};
            \end{scope}

            % Speed in A, v_A
            \draw[thick, -{Triangle[]}] (M.center) -- ++ (\ang:-1) node[above right] {$\vec{v}_A$};

 
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
    \caption{Setting of problem \ref{prob: inclined_plane_pm_I}.}
    \label{fig: inclined_plane_pm_I}
\end{figure}

这对我来说还算不错。我还没有处理H，但我很高兴现在就废除它。

非常感谢 Zarko 和 Jasper。

Answer 1

编辑：
嗯，坐标A的定位是错误的（不是绝对的应该是相对的......）

像这样？

与您的 MWE 相比，我做了以下更改：

• 使用arrows.meta库
• 需要时使用相对坐标
• 角标签写为坐标中的标签
• 顶部的正方形通过使用旋转rotate around
• 为了好玩，在C

\documentclass[margin=3mm, varwidth]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,
                decorations.pathmorphing,             
                    calligraphy,% had to be after decorations.pathreplacing
                patterns.meta, 
                quotes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
    ANG/.style = {draw, 
                  angle radius = 12mm,
                  angle eccentricity=1.2},
BC/.style args = {#1/#2/#3}{
        decorate,
        decoration={calligraphic brace, amplitude=6pt,
        pre =moveto, pre  length=1pt,
        post=moveto, post length=1pt,
        raise=#1,
              #2},% for mirroring of brace
        very thick,
        pen colour={#3}},
      N/.style = {draw, fill=orange!30, minimum size=11mm,
                  anchor=south west}
                     ]
\def\Ang{150}
\draw[red,pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={2pt},
                   line width=0.1pt]},
                   pattern color=gray] 
            (3.5,0)  coordinate[label=below:B] (b) -- ++   % <---
            (\Ang:5) coordinate[label=above left:A] (a) |-
            (b)      coordinate[pos=0.5, label=below:C] (c);
\pic [ANG, "$\theta$"]  {angle = a--b--c};
\pic [draw, angle eccentricity=.5, "$\cdot$"]
            {right angle = b--c--a};                  % <--- added for fun
%
\draw[BC=8pt/ /teal] (c) -- node[left=4mm] {$h$} (a);
\node[N, rotate around={330:(a)}] at (a) {}; 
     \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

编辑： 关于您的评论：

• 对于填充角度轨迹，您只需要添加到ANG样式选项fill=<desired color>。
• 例如

    ANG/.style = {draw, fill=gray!30,  
                  angle radius = 12mm,
                  angle eccentricity=0.75},

为了好玩，还有另一个选择，ANG在背景上有轨迹（通过保留加粗的三角形边框线）：

\documentclass[margin=3mm, varwidth]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,
                backgrounds,
                decorations.pathmorphing,
                    calligraphy,% had to be after decorations.pathreplacing
                patterns.meta,
                quotes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
    ANG/.style = {draw, fill=gray!30,  
                  angle radius = 12mm,
                  angle eccentricity=0.75},
BC/.style args = {#1/#2/#3}{
        decorate,
        decoration={calligraphic brace, amplitude=6pt,
        pre =moveto, pre  length=1pt,
        post=moveto, post length=1pt,
        raise=#1,
              #2},% for mirroring of brace
        very thick,
        pen colour={#3}},
      N/.style = {draw, fill=orange!30, minimum size=11mm,
                  anchor=south west}
                     ]
\def\Ang{150}
\draw[red,pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={2pt},
                   line width=0.1pt]},
                   pattern color=gray]
            (3.5,0)  coordinate[label=below:B] (b) -- ++   % <---
            (\Ang:5) coordinate[label=above left:A] (a) |-
            (b)      coordinate[pos=0.5, label=below:C] (c);
\scoped[on background layer]
\pic [ANG, "$\theta$"]  {angle = a--b--c};
\pic [draw, angle eccentricity=.5, "$\cdot$"]
            {right angle = b--c--a};                  % <--- added for fun
%
\draw[BC=8pt/ /teal] (c) -- node[left=4mm] {$h$} (a);
\node[N, rotate around={330:(a)}] at (a) {};
     \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

编辑：

• 您在评论和编辑的问题中提出的问题并不难添加，但可能需要查看TikZ & PGF manual。
• 在 Ti 的第三部分钾Z / PGF 手册 (Ti钾是凱恩Zeichenprogramm 描述了您需要了解的所有内容。非常值得一读！
• 关于您的请求，希望以下 MWE 能够满足您的期望：

\documentclass[margin=3mm, varwidth]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,
                backgrounds,
                decorations.pathmorphing,
                    calligraphy,% had to be after decorations.pathreplacing
                patterns.meta,
                quotes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
    ANG/.style = {draw, fill=gray!30,
                  angle radius = 12mm,
                  angle eccentricity=0.75},
    BC/.style args = {#1/#2/#3}{
        decorate,
        decoration={calligraphic brace, amplitude=6pt,
        pre =moveto, pre  length=1pt,
        post=moveto, post length=1pt,
        raise=#1,
              #2},% for mirroring of brace
        very thick,
        pen colour={#3}},
      N/.style = {draw, fill=orange!30, minimum size=11mm,
                  anchor=south west}
                     ]
\def\Ang{150}
\draw[red]  (3.5,0)  coordinate[label=above right:B] (b) -- ++   % <---
            (\Ang:5) coordinate[label=above left:A] (a) |-
            (b)      coordinate[pos=0.5] (c);
\scoped[on background layer]
\pic [ANG, "$\theta$"]  {angle = a--b--c};
\pic [draw, angle eccentricity=.5, "$\cdot$"]
            {right angle = b--c--a};                  % <--- added for fun
%
\draw[BC=8pt/ /teal] (c) -- node[left=4mm] {$h$} (a);
\node[N, rotate around={330:(a)}] at (a) {};
% new
\draw   (b) -- node[below=2mm] {$\mu$} ++ (3,0) coordinate[label=right:$C$] (aux);
\path   [pattern={Lines[angle=45,distance={2pt},
                  line width=0.1pt]},
                  pattern color=gray]  (b) rectangle ++ (3,-0.2);
     \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}