顶部对齐并排放置的两个表格

Question

我怎样才能使这两个表格顶部对齐，并尽可能防止它们互相重叠？

\documentclass[12pt]{article}   
\usepackage{booktabs}  
\usepackage{siunitx}      
\usepackage{subcaption}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[h]
    \centering
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.25}%
    \begin{subtable}[t]{0.4\textwidth}
        \begin{tabular}{cc}
            \toprule
            Numero d'onda ($\unit{cm^{-1}}$) & Classificazione \\ \midrule
            3204 & weak \\
            3183 & weak \\
            3167 & weak \\ \midrule
            3139 & weak \\ \midrule
            3087 & weak \\
            3072 & weak \\ \midrule
            1856 & strong \\ \midrule
            1511 & weak \\
            1493 & weak \\ \midrule
            1415 & strong \\ \midrule
            1257 & strong \\ \midrule
            1128 & weak \\ \midrule
            938 & weak \\ \midrule
            525 & medium \\ \midrule
            378 & weak \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabular}
    \end{subtable}
        \quad
        \begin{tabular}{cc}
            \toprule
            Numero d'onda ($\unit{cm^{-1}}$) & Classificazione \\ \midrule
            3204 & medium \\
            3183 & medium \\
            3167 & medium \\
            3139 & medium \\ \midrule
            3097 & strong \\
            3072 & strong \\ \midrule
            1856 & weak \\ \midrule
            1511 & medium \\ 
            1510 & medium \\
            1493 & weak \\ \midrule
            1411 & weak \\
            1089 & weak \\ \midrule
            938 & weak \\ \midrule
            891 & weak \\ \midrule
            799 & medium \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabular}
    \end{table}
\end{document}

Answer 1

默认情况下，表格单元格的内容不会中断，这会导致表格太宽。您无法以subtable这种方式使用 来限制表格的宽度。

tabular通过在左列的标题中插入换行符（甚至不使用s）来减少两个 s 的宽度的简单解决方案subtable可能是：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}   
\usepackage{booktabs}  
\usepackage{siunitx}      

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[h]
    \centering
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.25}%
        \begin{tabular}[t]{cc}
            \toprule
            \shortstack{Numero d'onda \\ ($\unit{cm^{-1}}$)} & Classificazione \\ \midrule
            3204 & weak \\
            3183 & weak \\
            3167 & weak \\ \midrule
            3139 & weak \\ \midrule
            3087 & weak \\
            3072 & weak \\ \midrule
            1856 & strong \\ \midrule
            1511 & weak \\
            1493 & weak \\ \midrule
            1415 & strong \\ \midrule
            1257 & strong \\ \midrule
            1128 & weak \\ \midrule
            938 & weak \\ \midrule
            525 & medium \\ \midrule
            378 & weak \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabular}
        \quad
        \begin{tabular}[t]{cc}
            \toprule
            \shortstack{Numero d'onda \\ ($\unit{cm^{-1}}$)} & Classificazione \\ \midrule
            3204 & medium \\
            3183 & medium \\
            3167 & medium \\
            3139 & medium \\ \midrule
            3097 & strong \\
            3072 & strong \\ \midrule
            1856 & weak \\ \midrule
            1511 & medium \\ 
            1510 & medium \\
            1493 & weak \\ \midrule
            1411 & weak \\
            1089 & weak \\ \midrule
            938 & weak \\ \midrule
            891 & weak \\ \midrule
            799 & medium \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabular}
    \end{table}
\end{document}

另一个解决方案可能是使用tabularx：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}   
\usepackage{tabularx}      
\usepackage{booktabs}  
\usepackage{siunitx}      

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[h]
    \centering
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.25}%
        \begin{tabularx}{0.475\textwidth}[t]{ *{2}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X} }
            \toprule
            Numero d'onda ($\unit{cm^{-1}}$) & Classificazione \\ \midrule
            3204 & weak \\
            3183 & weak \\
            3167 & weak \\ \midrule
            3139 & weak \\ \midrule
            3087 & weak \\
            3072 & weak \\ \midrule
            1856 & strong \\ \midrule
            1511 & weak \\
            1493 & weak \\ \midrule
            1415 & strong \\ \midrule
            1257 & strong \\ \midrule
            1128 & weak \\ \midrule
            938 & weak \\ \midrule
            525 & medium \\ \midrule
            378 & weak \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabularx}
        \quad
        \begin{tabularx}{0.475\textwidth}[t]{ *{2}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X} }
            \toprule
            Numero d'onda ($\unit{cm^{-1}}$) & Classificazione \\ \midrule
            3204 & medium \\
            3183 & medium \\
            3167 & medium \\
            3139 & medium \\ \midrule
            3097 & strong \\
            3072 & strong \\ \midrule
            1856 & weak \\ \midrule
            1511 & medium \\ 
            1510 & medium \\
            1493 & weak \\ \midrule
            1411 & weak \\
            1089 & weak \\ \midrule
            938 & weak \\ \midrule
            891 & weak \\ \midrule
            799 & medium \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabularx}
    \end{table}
\end{document}