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水平和垂直对齐 tikzpicture 图（子图）

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水平和垂直对齐 tikzpicture 图（子图）

我有这四个 tikspicture 图作为子图。我希望​​轴和子标题 (a、b、c、d) 对齐。此外，我希望这些图具有相同的大小，并且子标题字母位于每个图下方的中心。另一个问题似乎是这些图太靠近右侧的边缘。

非常感谢您的帮助！

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[
    12pt,
    a4paper,
    parskip=half,
    toc=bibliography,
    numbers=noendperiod
    ]{scrbook}
    
    \usepackage[
    left=3cm,
    right=2.5cm,
    top=2.5cm,
    bottom=2.0cm,
    includehead,
    includefoot
    ]{geometry}
    
    \usepackage[UKenglish]{babel}
    \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
    \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
    
    \usepackage{scrlayer-scrpage}
    \usepackage{lmodern}
    \usepackage{textcomp}
    \usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
    \usepackage{mwe}
    \usepackage{esvect}
    \usepackage{mathfixs}
    \usepackage[right]{eurosym}
    \usepackage{gensymb}
    \usepackage[dvipsnames,table,xcdraw]{xcolor}
    \usepackage{graphicx}
    \usepackage{subcaption}
    \usepackage{float}
    \usepackage{caption}
    \usepackage{pgfplots}
    \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
    \addtokomafont{caption}{\scriptsize}
    \usepackage[font={normal}]{caption}
    \setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries\rmfamily}
    
    
    \begin{document}
    
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \begin{subfigure}{0.4\linewidth}
            \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
                \begin{axis}[       
                    xticklabels={one, two, three, four, five},
                    tick label style={font=\scriptsize},
                    x tick label style = {rotate=45, anchor=east},
                    ylabel={Flux},
                    ymin=-0.05,
                    ymax=20,
                    xtick={1,2,3,4,5},
                    ]
                    \addplot[color=Blue, mark=*, dashed]
                    coordinates {(1,-0.03)(2,4.55)(3,2.55)(4,1.06)(5,16.91)};
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{ }
        \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
        \begin{subfigure}{0.4\linewidth}
            \begin{tikzpicture}
                \begin{axis}[
                    xticklabels={one, four, five, twenty, thirty},
                    tick label style={font=\scriptsize},
                    x tick label style = {rotate=45, anchor=east},
                    ylabel={Flux},
                    ymin=0,
                    xtick={1,2,3,4,5},
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    legend cell align={left}
                    ]
                    \addplot[color=Blue, mark=*, dashed]
                    coordinates {(1,0.00)(2,47.77)(3,1.10)(4,14.68)(5,5.53)};
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{ }
        \end{subfigure}
    \vfill
        \begin{subfigure}{0.4\linewidth}
            \begin{tikzpicture}
                \begin{axis}[       
                    xticklabels={one, nine, seven, thirteen},
                    tick label style={font=\scriptsize},
                    x tick label style = {rotate=45, anchor=east},
                    ylabel={Flux},
                    ymin=0,
                    xtick={1,2,3,4},
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    legend cell align={left}
                    ]
                    \addplot[color=Blue, mark=*, dashed]
                    coordinates {(1,0.78)(2,6.72)(3,4.25)(4,7.97)};
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{ }
        \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
        \begin{subfigure}{0.4\linewidth}
            \begin{tikzpicture}
                \begin{axis}[       
                    xticklabels={one, two},
                    tick label style={font=\scriptsize},
                    x tick label style = {rotate=45, anchor=east},
                    ylabel={Flux},
                    ymin=-1,
                    ymax=1,
                    xtick={1,2},
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    legend cell align={left}
                    ]
                    \addplot[color=Blue, mark=*, dashed]
                    coordinates {(1,0.00)(2,-0.02)};
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{ }
        \end{subfigure}
        \caption{caption for all plots}
        \label{all_plots}
    \end{figure}
    
    
    \end{document}

答案1

像这样：

在此处输入图片描述

在设计 MWE 时考虑了@MS-SPO 注释：

  • 规定了图表的宽度和高度，所有图表都是相同的
  • 规定的宽度刻度标签，在每个图中行都是相同的
  • 规定的图表选项在图中合并\pgfplotsset（由此 MWE 代码更短，但更重要的是所有图表都相同）
\documentclass[12pt, a4paper,
                parskip=half,
                toc=bibliography,
                numbers=noendperiod
               ]{scrbook}

\usepackage[hmargin={3.0cm, 2.5cm},
            vmargin={2.5cm, 2.0cm},
            includehead,    includefoot
            ]{geometry}

\usepackage[UKenglish]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage{scrlayer-scrpage}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{caption}
\addtokomafont{caption}{\scriptsize}
\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries\rmfamily}

\usepackage[dvipsnames,table,xcdraw]{xcolor}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[ht]
\pgfplotsset{width=\linewidth, height=0.75\linewidth,
             enlarge y limits=0.1,
             tick label style={font=\scriptsize},
             xticklabel style = {text width=1.4em, align=right, inner sep=2pt,
                                 rotate=45, anchor=north east},
             ylabel={Flux},
             ylabel style = {text width=1em, inner sep=2pt},
             yticklabel style = {text width=1.2em, align=right},
             %
             every axis plot post/.append style={color=Blue, dashed, mark=*}, 
             }
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.48\linewidth}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    xtick={1,...,5},
    xticklabels={one, two, three, four, five},
    ymax=20,
            ]
\addplot coordinates {(1,-0.03)(2,4.55)(3,2.55)(4,1.06)(5,5.93)};
\end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{}
\end{subfigure}
    \hfill
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.48\linewidth}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    xtick={1,...,5},
    xticklabels={one, two, three, four, five},
    ymax=50,
            ]
\addplot coordinates {(1,-0.03)(2,47.77)(3,1.10)(4,14.68)(5,16.91)};
\end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{}
\end{subfigure}

\medskip
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.48\linewidth}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    xtick={1,...,4},
    xticklabels={one, nine, seven, thirteen},
    xticklabel style = {text width=2.4em},
            ]
\addplot coordinates {(1,0.78)(2,6.72)(3,4.25)(4,7.97)};
\end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{ }
\end{subfigure}
    \hfill
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.48\linewidth}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    ymin=-1,
    ymax=1,
    xtick={1,2},
    xticklabels={one, two},
    xticklabel style = {text width=2.4em},
            ]
\addplot coordinates {(1,0.00)(2,-0.02)};
\end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{ }
\end{subfigure}
\caption{caption for all plots}
\label{all_plots}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

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