我想要像本例一样在 LaTeX 中堆叠圆角矩形。
这是如何实现的？（我尝试过河内塔，但不太合适）
答案1
您可以使用positioning图书馆。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzset{myrect/.style={fill=gray!50, rounded corners, inner sep=0pt, minimum height=5mm, minimum width=#1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[xscale=.6, transform shape, node distance=0pt]
\draw(0,0)--coordinate(A)(8,0);
\node[above=of A, myrect=5cm](B){};
\node[above=of B, myrect=7cm](C){};
\node[above=of C, myrect=2cm](D){};
\node[above=of D, myrect=6cm](E){};
\node[above=of E, myrect=3cm](F){};
\node[above=of F, myrect=4cm](G){};
\end{tikzpicture}
\hspace{1cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[xscale=.6, transform shape, node distance=0pt]
\draw(0,0)--coordinate(A)(8,0);
\node[above=of A, myrect=7cm](B){};
\node[above=of B, myrect=6cm](C){};
\node[above=of C, myrect=5cm](D){};
\node[above=of D, myrect=4cm](E){};
\node[above=of E, myrect=3cm](F){};
\node[above=of F, myrect=2cm](G){};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
或者如果您愿意，您可以将其放入宏中。
用法是\stack{<bottom center coordinate>}{<stack sequence>}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzset{myrect/.style={fill=gray!50, rounded corners, inner sep=0pt, minimum height=5mm, minimum width=#1}}
\newcommand{\stack}[2]{\coordinate(stack1) at (#1);\foreach \n[count=\k, evaluate=\k as \j using int(\k+1)] in {#2}{\node[above=of stack\k, myrect=\n cm](stack\j){};}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[xscale=.6, transform shape, node distance=0pt]
\draw(0,0)--coordinate(A)(8,0);
\stack{A}{5,7,2,6,3,4}
\draw(9,0)--coordinate(B)(17,0);
\stack{B}{7,6,5,4,3,2}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
使用该包的一个有趣的实现l3draw允许替代和随机排序以及使用颜色列表：
\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{l3draw}
\ExplSyntaxOn
\fp_new:N \l_rectstack_base_width_fp
\int_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_count_int
\fp_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_height_fp
\fp_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_sep_fp
\fp_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_min_width_fp
\fp_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_max_width_fp
\dim_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_corner_radius_dim
\clist_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_colors_clist
\clist_new:N \l_rectstack_rect_order_clist
\bool_new:N \l_diststack_random_order_bool
\int_new:N \l__rectstack_rect_color_count_int
\int_new:N \l__rectstack_current_rect_int
\fp_new:N \l__rectstack_current_rect_width_fp
\fp_new:N \l__rectstack_current_rect_ypos_fp
\seq_new:N \l__rectstack_rect_order_seq
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \int_set:Nn { Ne }
\keys_define:nn { rectstack } {
base ~ width .fp_set:N = \l_rectstack_base_width_fp ,
base ~ width .initial:n = { 6cm } ,
rect ~ count .int_set:N = \l_rectstack_rect_count_int ,
rect ~ count .initial:n = { 1 } ,
rect ~ height .fp_set:N = \l_rectstack_rect_height_fp ,
rect ~ height .initial:n = { 0.5cm } ,
rect ~ sep .fp_set:N = \l_rectstack_rect_sep_fp ,
rect ~ sep .initial:n = { 2pt } ,
rect ~ min ~ width .fp_set:N = \l_rectstack_rect_min_width_fp ,
rect ~ min ~ width .initial:n = { 1cm } ,
rect ~ max ~ width .fp_set:N = \l_rectstack_rect_max_width_fp ,
rect ~ max ~ width .initial:n = { 5cm } ,
rect ~ corner ~ radius .dim_set:N = \l_rectstack_rect_corner_radius_dim ,
rect ~ corner ~ radius .initial:n = { 3pt } ,
rect ~ colors .code:n = {
\clist_set:Nn \l_rectstack_rect_colors_clist {#1}
\int_set:Ne \l__rectstack_rect_color_count_int {
\clist_count:N \l_rectstack_rect_colors_clist
}
} ,
rect ~ colors .initial:n = { black!25 },
order .clist_set:N = \l_diststack_rect_order_clist ,
random .bool_set:N = \l_diststack_random_order_bool ,
random .default:n = { true }
}
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \clist_item:Nn { Ne }
\NewDocumentCommand{\drawrectstack}{ O{} }{
\keys_set:nn { rectstack } { #1 }
\bool_if:NT \l_diststack_random_order_bool {
\seq_clear:N \l__rectstack_rect_order_seq
\int_step_inline:nn { \l_rectstack_rect_count_int } {
\seq_put_right:Nn \l__rectstack_rect_order_seq { ##1 }
}
\seq_shuffle:N \l__rectstack_rect_order_seq
\clist_set_from_seq:NN \l_diststack_rect_order_clist \l__rectstack_rect_order_seq
}
\draw_begin:
\draw_path_moveto:n { -0.5 * \l_rectstack_base_width_fp , 0cm }
\draw_path_lineto:n { 0.5 * \l_rectstack_base_width_fp , 0cm }
\draw_path_use_clear:n { stroke }
\draw_path_corner_arc:nn
{ \l_rectstack_rect_corner_radius_dim }
{ \l_rectstack_rect_corner_radius_dim }
\int_step_inline:nn { \l_rectstack_rect_count_int } {
\clist_if_empty:NTF \l_diststack_rect_order_clist {
\int_set:Nn \l__rectstack_current_rect_int { ##1 }
} {
\int_set:Ne \l__rectstack_current_rect_int {
\clist_item:Nn \l_diststack_rect_order_clist { ##1 }
}
}
\fp_set:Nn \l__rectstack_current_rect_width_fp {
\l_rectstack_rect_max_width_fp -
( \l_rectstack_rect_max_width_fp - \l_rectstack_rect_min_width_fp ) /
( \l_rectstack_rect_count_int - 1 ) * ( \l__rectstack_current_rect_int - 1 )
}
\fp_set:Nn \l__rectstack_current_rect_ypos_fp {
( ##1 - 1 ) * \l_rectstack_rect_height_fp + ##1 * \l_rectstack_rect_sep_fp
}
\exp_args:Ne \color_fill:n { \clist_item:Ne \l_rectstack_rect_colors_clist {
\int_mod:nn { ##1 - 1 } { \l__rectstack_rect_color_count_int } + 1 }
}
\draw_path_rectangle_corners:nn
{ -0.5 * \l__rectstack_current_rect_width_fp ,
\l__rectstack_current_rect_ypos_fp }
{ 0.5 * \l__rectstack_current_rect_width_fp ,
\l__rectstack_current_rect_ypos_fp + \l_rectstack_rect_height_fp }
\draw_path_use_clear:n { fill }
}
\draw_end:
}
\ExplSyntaxOff
\begin{document}
\drawrectstack[rect count=7]
\drawrectstack[rect count=5, random, rect colors={cyan}]
\drawrectstack[rect count=6, order={4,1,2,6,5,3}, rect colors={red!20, red, blue, green}]
\end{document}
