在对一系列 pulseaudio 软件包进行更新后，我的麦克风停止工作了。没关系，毕竟 Karmic 仍处于 Alpha 阶段。我已向 launchpad 报告了此错误。
同时，我想恢复 pulseaudio 软件包的更新。不幸的是，没有一个软件包让我在 Synaptic 上选择“强制版本”选项。我想删除它们，然后安装旧软件包，但是删除 pulse 意味着删除名为 ubuntu-desktop 的软件包，我担心这可能会让事情变得更加混乱。我很难找到旧版本的软件包，但我最终将每个 *.deb 下载到我的机器上。
这些是根据 Synaptic 中的历史记录进行的更新。
libpulse-browse0 (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
libpulse-mainloop-glib0 (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
libpulse0 (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio-esound-compat (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio-module-bluetooth (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio-module-gconf (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio-module-x11 (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio-module-zeroconf (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio-utils (1:0.9.15-4ubuntu3) to 1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1
pulseaudio-module-udev (1:0.9.16~test4-0ubuntu1)
有什么建议吗？
答案1
如果你不怕弄脏你的手，最好的方法是：
apt-cache 显示软件包名称
它将根据你的 sources.list 定义显示你可以安装的所有不同版本的软件包。你将得到类似这样的结果（在我看来是这样的）：
root@shiny-desktop:/home/shiny# apt-cache show libpulse-browse0
Package: libpulse-browse0
Status: install ok installed
Priority: optional
Section: sound
Installed-Size: 100
Maintainer: Ubuntu Core Developers <[email protected]>
Architecture: i386
Source: pulseaudio
Version: 1:0.9.15-4ubuntu2~ppa1
Depends: libavahi-client3 (>= 0.6.16), libavahi-common3 (>= 0.6.16), libc6 (>= 2.4), libcap1, libdbus-1-3 (>= 1.0.2), libgdbm3, libice6 (>= 1:1.0.0), libpulse0 (= 1:0.9.15-4ubuntu2~ppa1), libsm6, libwrap0 (>= 7.6-4~), libx11-6, libxtst6
Description: PulseAudio client libraries (zeroconf support)
PulseAudio, previously known as Polypaudio, is a sound server for POSIX and
WIN32 systems. It is a drop in replacement for the ESD sound server with
much better latency, mixing/re-sampling quality and overall architecture.
.
Client libraries used by applications that access a PulseAudio sound server
via PulseAudio's native interface.
.
This package adds support for zeroconf (aka. Avahi, mdns) discovery of
PulseAudio sinks and sources by client applications.
Homepage: http://www.pulseaudio.org
Original-Maintainer: Pulseaudio maintenance team <[email protected]>
Package: libpulse-browse0
Priority: optional
Section: sound
Installed-Size: 144
Maintainer: Ubuntu Core Developers <[email protected]>
Original-Maintainer: Pulseaudio maintenance team <[email protected]>
Architecture: i386
Source: pulseaudio
Version: 1:0.9.14-0ubuntu20.2
Depends: libavahi-client3 (>= 0.6.16), libavahi-common3 (>= 0.6.16), libc6 (>= 2.4), libcap2 (>= 2.11), libgdbm3, libice6 (>= 1:1.0.0), libpulse0 (>= 0.9.14), libsm6, libx11-6
Filename: pool/main/p/pulseaudio/libpulse-browse0_0.9.14-0ubuntu20.2_i386.deb
Size: 31522
MD5sum: d7bf325c04432507420551d7c4e04737
SHA1: 537037b6cdcf2e36ab91fff73a543b2bc9a9d2f6
SHA256: 25c9a83f669f3f14b0fdd59141fc048e3053ccdcae5817f338260342ae1164d0
Description: PulseAudio client libraries (zeroconf support)
PulseAudio, previously known as Polypaudio, is a sound server for POSIX and
WIN32 systems. It is a drop in replacement for the ESD sound server with
much better latency, mixing/re-sampling quality and overall architecture.
.
Client libraries used by applications that access a PulseAudio sound server
via PulseAudio's native interface.
.
This package adds support for zeroconf (aka. Avahi, mdns) discovery of
PulseAudio sinks and sources by client applications.
Homepage: http://www.pulseaudio.org
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubuntu
Task: ubuntu-desktop, kubuntu-dvd-live, edubuntu-desktop, xubuntu-live, mobile-mid, mobile-netbook-remix
Package: libpulse-browse0
Priority: optional
Section: sound
Installed-Size: 144
Maintainer: Ubuntu Core Developers <[email protected]>
Original-Maintainer: Pulseaudio maintenance team <[email protected]>
Architecture: i386
Source: pulseaudio
Version: 1:0.9.14-0ubuntu20
Depends: libavahi-client3 (>= 0.6.16), libavahi-common3 (>= 0.6.16), libc6 (>= 2.4), libcap2 (>= 2.11), libgdbm3, libice6 (>= 1:1.0.0), libpulse0 (>= 0.9.14), libsm6, libx11-6
Filename: pool/main/p/pulseaudio/libpulse-browse0_0.9.14-0ubuntu20_i386.deb
Size: 31516
MD5sum: 63d4937b22f83cff5cc5be101caa3f27
SHA1: bb436fa7bc14eaad31a9f3778f1a887d96e2521d
SHA256: 1f3a5e7a4376c0ee406f30a1c5ec03dc5f484dc059ceb61462516bb728c6c1c5
Description: PulseAudio client libraries (zeroconf support)
PulseAudio, previously known as Polypaudio, is a sound server for POSIX and
WIN32 systems. It is a drop in replacement for the ESD sound server with
much better latency, mixing/re-sampling quality and overall architecture.
.
Client libraries used by applications that access a PulseAudio sound server
via PulseAudio's native interface.
.
This package adds support for zeroconf (aka. Avahi, mdns) discovery of
PulseAudio sinks and sources by client applications.
Homepage: http://www.pulseaudio.org
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubuntu
Task: ubuntu-desktop, kubuntu-dvd-live, edubuntu-desktop, xubuntu-live, mobile-mid, mobile-netbook-remix
只需检查可用的不同版本，然后执行以下操作：
apt-get install packagname=version
再次以上面的输出为例：
apt-get install ibpulse-browse0=1:0.9.14-0ubuntu20
正如您所看到的，我的 pulseaudio 来自 launchpad 上的 ppa，所以如果我想降级/恢复到 jaunty 提供的原始版本，我会对我安装的所有 pulseaudio 包执行上述操作。
答案2
在/etc/apt/preferences：
Package: *
Pin: release a=jaunty
Pin-Priority: 1001
然后aptitude install pulseaudio（以及任何其他不会自动降级为依赖项的包）。
这很可能会导致后续问题（降级未得到官方支持或经过充分测试）但至少会使版本降到较新的版本。
答案3
womble 是对的
您还必须确保 /etc/apt/sources.list 中有 jaunty 的行。如果您有正确的 sources.list 行，那么您可以从多个版本中选择正确的一个。
通过固定，您可以设置您喜欢的版本。
答案4
您可以尝试使用“aptitude”，它有一个基于控制台的用户界面。转到相关软件包，在底部，您将看到可用的版本。选择您想要的版本，然后按键盘上的“+”。
可能会有“损坏”的包，您可以使用“b”循环它们并在进行时修复它们。