我有两个 RAM 模块（每个 8 GB），但free.我需要找到一个解决方案：
$ uname -srvmo
Linux 3.10.27-1-MANJARO #1 SMP Sat Jan 18 09:42:13 UTC 2014 x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 6840 6336 503 49 74 467
-/+ buffers/cache: 5794 1046
Swap: 7003 3233 3770
# dmidecode 2.12
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
17 structures occupying 1060 bytes.
Table at 0x000EBF50.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
Version: P2.10
Release Date: 01/17/2014
Address: 0xF0000
Runtime Size: 64 kB
ROM Size: 8192 kB
Characteristics:
PCI is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
BIOS ROM is socketed
EDD is supported
5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
Serial services are supported (int 14h)
Printer services are supported (int 17h)
ACPI is supported
USB legacy is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
UEFI is supported
BIOS Revision: 4.6
Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Product Name: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Version: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
UUID: 03000200-0400-0500-0006-000700080009
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Family: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: ASRock
Product Name: FM2A88X-ITX+
Version:
Serial Number: E80-3B005600472
Asset Tag:
Features:
Board is a hosting board
Board is replaceable
Location In Chassis:
Chassis Handle: 0x0003
Type: Motherboard
Contained Object Handles: 0
Handle 0x0003, DMI type 3, 22 bytes
Chassis Information
Manufacturer: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Type: Desktop
Lock: Not Present
Version: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Boot-up State: Safe
Power Supply State: Safe
Thermal State: Safe
Security Status: None
OEM Information: 0x00000000
Height: Unspecified
Number Of Power Cords: 1
Contained Elements: 0
SKU Number: To be filled by O.E.M.
Handle 0x0004, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIE1
Type: x16 PCI Express
Current Usage: In Use
Length: Short
ID: 17
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Opening is shared
PME signal is supported
Bus Address: 0000:00:15.0
Handle 0x0005, DMI type 11, 5 bytes
OEM Strings
String 1: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Handle 0x0006, DMI type 7, 19 bytes
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L1 CACHE
Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 256 kB
Maximum Size: 256 kB
Supported SRAM Types:
Pipeline Burst
Installed SRAM Type: Pipeline Burst
Speed: 1 ns
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
System Type: Unified
Associativity: 2-way Set-associative
Handle 0x0007, DMI type 7, 19 bytes
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L2 CACHE
Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 2
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 4096 kB
Maximum Size: 4096 kB
Supported SRAM Types:
Pipeline Burst
Installed SRAM Type: Pipeline Burst
Speed: 1 ns
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
System Type: Unified
Associativity: 16-way Set-associative
Handle 0x000C, DMI type 32, 20 bytes
System Boot Information
Status: No errors detected
Handle 0x000E, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 16 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 2
Handle 0x000F, DMI type 19, 31 bytes
Memory Array Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x003FFFFFFFF
Range Size: 16 GB
Physical Array Handle: 0x000E
Partition Width: 255
Handle 0x0010, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x000E
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 8192 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM 0
Bank Locator: CHANNEL A
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
Speed: 1600 MHz
Manufacturer: <BAD INDEX>
Serial Number: 00000000
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum0
Part Number: CMV8GX3M1A1600C11
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MHz
Handle 0x0011, DMI type 20, 35 bytes
Memory Device Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x001FFFFFFFF
Range Size: 8 GB
Physical Device Handle: 0x0010
Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000F
Partition Row Position: 1
Handle 0x0012, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x000E
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 8192 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM 0
Bank Locator: CHANNEL B
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
Speed: 1600 MHz
Manufacturer: <BAD INDEX>
Serial Number: 00000000
Asset Tag: A1_AssetTagNum1
Part Number: CMV8GX3M1A1600C11
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MHz
Handle 0x0013, DMI type 20, 35 bytes
Memory Device Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00200000000
Ending Address: 0x003FFFFFFFF
Range Size: 8 GB
Physical Device Handle: 0x0012
Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000F
Partition Row Position: 1
Handle 0x0016, DMI type 4, 42 bytes
Processor Information
Socket Designation: CPUSocket
Type: Central Processor
Family: A-Series
Manufacturer: AMD
ID: 01 0F 63 00 FF FB 8B 17
Signature: Family 21, Model 48, Stepping 1
Flags:
FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)
VME (Virtual mode extension)
DE (Debugging extension)
PSE (Page size extension)
TSC (Time stamp counter)
MSR (Model specific registers)
PAE (Physical address extension)
MCE (Machine check exception)
CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)
APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported)
SEP (Fast system call)
MTRR (Memory type range registers)
PGE (Page global enable)
MCA (Machine check architecture)
CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported)
PAT (Page attribute table)
PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension)
CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported)
MMX (MMX technology supported)
FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported)
SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions)
SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2)
HTT (Multi-threading)
Version: AMD A10-7850K APU with Radeon(TM) R7 Graphics
Voltage: 1.4 V
External Clock: 100 MHz
Max Speed: 4000 MHz
Current Speed: 4000 MHz
Status: Populated, Enabled
Upgrade: Socket FM2
L1 Cache Handle: 0x0006
L2 Cache Handle: 0x0007
L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
Core Count: 4
Core Enabled: 4
Thread Count: 4
Characteristics:
64-bit capable
Handle 0x0017, DMI type 127, 4 bytes
End Of Table
答案1
据我发现，问题与主板 ASRock FM2A88X-ITX+ 有关。我已经通过保修更换了它，但使用半年后，问题又被新的重现了。
更进一步的故事是：我又买了一块主板，当我把休息了一个月的华擎带到保修中心时，发现它又可以正常工作了。