我遇到了一个相当奇怪的问题。我们解决了所有明显的硬件相关问题（不同的网卡、以太网电缆和交换机），但我似乎无法阻止以太网丢包。
我有四台完全相同的服务器。
driver: e1000e version: 1.2.20-k2 firmware-version: 1.8-0 bus-info: 0000:06:00.0
它们都运行最新的内核（2.6.32-5-amd64）。
然而他们却这样做：
RX packets:17073870634 errors:0 dropped:14147208 overruns:0 frame:0
另一台服务器：
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e0:69:95:05:2f:cb
inet addr:10.10.10.86 Bcast:10.10.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:5455209277 errors:0 dropped:375445 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3666134366 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:6688414486673 (6.0 TiB) TX bytes:1611812171539 (1.4 TiB)
Interrupt:20 Memory:d0600000-d0620000
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1b:21:b7:7a:ce
inet addr:10.10.0.86 Bcast:10.10.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:15473695728 errors:0 dropped:5808325 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:20112364421 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:9192378766434 (8.3 TiB) TX bytes:20216368266761 (18.3 TiB)
Interrupt:17 Memory:d0280000-d02a0000
大量数据包丢失。
我尝试加载最新的驱动程序 1.9.5。这没有任何作用。
我不知道还能做什么。
这是我尝试编译时遇到的问题：
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-amd64/build SUBDIRS=/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64'
CC [M] /root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.o
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c: In function âe1000_runtime_resumeâ:
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:6681: error: âstruct dev_pm_infoâ has no member named âruntime_autoâ
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c: At top level:
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:7605: error: implicit declaration of function âSET_RUNTIME_PM_OPSâ
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:7607: error: initializer element is not constant
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:7607: error: (near initialization for âe1000_pm_ops.suspend_noirqâ)
make[4]: *** [/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.o] Error 1
make[3]: *** [_module_/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src] Error 2
make[2]: *** [sub-make] Error 2
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64'
make: *** [default] Error 2
我以前遇到过这个问题。我想很久以前我从 netdev.c 中删除了一些东西来让它工作。但这完全不对。为什么它不能编译？
root@fs3:~/e1000e-2.0.0/src# make
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-amd64/build SUBDIRS=/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64'
CC [M] /root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.o
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c: In function âe1000_runtime_resumeâ:
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:6681: error: âstruct dev_pm_infoâ has no member named âruntime_autoâ
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c: At top level:
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:7605: error: implicit declaration of function âSET_RUNTIME_PM_OPSâ
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:7607: error: initializer element is not constant
/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.c:7607: error: (near initialization for âe1000_pm_ops.suspend_noirqâ)
make[4]: *** [/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src/netdev.o] Error 1
make[3]: *** [_module_/root/e1000e-2.0.0/src] Error 2
make[2]: *** [sub-make] Error 2
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64'
make: *** [default] Error 2
编辑（2012年6月14日）：
它仍然会造成严重问题。最近，我们的机器上负载非常高，这导致整个服务器锁定。唯一能做的就是拔掉电源并重新启动。这是我发现的消息：
un 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.591934] WARNING: at /build/buildd-linux-2.6_2.6.32-41-amd64-ReqhZF/linux-2.6-2.6.32/debian/build/source_amd64_none/net/sched/sch_generic.c:261 dev_watchdog+0xe2/0x194()
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.591938] Hardware name:
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.591940] NETDEV WATCHDOG: eth1 (e1000e): transmit queue 0 timed out
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.591942] Modules linked in: btrfs zlib_deflate crc32c libcrc32c ufs qnx4 hfsplus hfs minix ntfs vfat msdos fat jfs xfs exportfs reiserfs ext3 jbd ext2 joydev usbhid hid fuse hwmon_vid coretemp loop firewire_sbp2 snd_hda_codec_atihdmi snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec radeon snd_hwdep ttm snd_pcm drm_kms_helper snd_timer snd drm i2c_i801 soundcore snd_page_alloc i2c_algo_bit psmouse i2c_core wmi evdev pcspkr serio_raw button processor ext4 mbcache jbd2 crc16 raid456 md_mod async_raid6_recov async_pq raid6_pq async_xor xor async_memcpy async_tx sg sd_mod crc_t10dif xhci firewire_ohci ata_generic r8169 firewire_core mii uhci_hcd crc_itu_t ehci_hcd usbcore ahci e1000e libata nls_base scsi_mod thermal thermal_sys [last unloaded: scsi_wait_scan]
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592006] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Tainted: G M 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592008] Call Trace:
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592010] <IRQ> [<ffffffff81263046>] ? dev_watchdog+0xe2/0x194
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592017] [<ffffffff81263046>] ? dev_watchdog+0xe2/0x194
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592022] [<ffffffff8104df9c>] ? warn_slowpath_common+0x77/0xa3
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592027] [<ffffffff81262f64>] ? dev_watchdog+0x0/0x194
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592030] [<ffffffff8104e024>] ? warn_slowpath_fmt+0x51/0x59
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592038] [<ffffffff8105a96c>] ? lock_timer_base+0x26/0x4b
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592041] [<ffffffff81016872>] ? native_sched_clock+0x2e/0x78
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592043] [<ffffffff8105af0e>] ? __mod_timer+0x141/0x153
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592045] [<ffffffff81262f38>] ? netif_tx_lock+0x3d/0x69
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592048] [<ffffffff8124dd63>] ? netdev_drivername+0x3b/0x40
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592051] [<ffffffff81263046>] ? dev_watchdog+0xe2/0x194
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592053] [<ffffffff8103fa2a>] ? __wake_up+0x30/0x44
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592055] [<ffffffff8105a71b>] ? run_timer_softirq+0x1c9/0x268
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592058] [<ffffffff8106c641>] ? ktime_get+0x5c/0xb7
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592060] [<ffffffff81053dc7>] ? __do_softirq+0xdd/0x1a6
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592063] [<ffffffff81011cac>] ? call_softirq+0x1c/0x30
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592065] [<ffffffff8101322b>] ? do_softirq+0x3f/0x7c
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592067] [<ffffffff81053c37>] ? irq_exit+0x36/0x76
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592068] [<ffffffff81012922>] ? do_IRQ+0xa0/0xb6
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592070] [<ffffffff810114d3>] ? ret_from_intr+0x0/0x11
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592071] <EOI> [<ffffffffa021a509>] ? acpi_idle_enter_bm+0x27d/0x2af [processor]
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592079] [<ffffffffa021a509>] ? acpi_idle_enter_bm+0x27d/0x2af [processor]
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592082] [<ffffffffa021a502>] ? acpi_idle_enter_bm+0x276/0x2af [processor]
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592085] [<ffffffff8123a07a>] ? cpuidle_idle_call+0x94/0xee
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592088] [<ffffffff8100fe97>] ? cpu_idle+0xa2/0xda
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592090] [<ffffffff8151c140>] ? early_idt_handler+0x0/0x71
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592093] [<ffffffff8151ccdd>] ? start_kernel+0x3dc/0x3e8
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592095] [<ffffffff8151c3b7>] ? x86_64_start_kernel+0xf9/0x106
Jun 13 02:25:53 fs1 kernel: [4805019.592096] ---[ end trace 151ce5426d947b45 ]---
Jun 13 02:25:56 fs1 kernel: [4805022.772678] e1000e: eth1 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: None
昨晚也崩溃了，但似乎日志输出更多。通过阅读，看起来像是传输队列问题或某些驱动程序问题导致日志积压，最终导致完全崩溃。
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715473] active_anon:1212343 inactive_anon:270073 isolated_anon:0
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715474] active_file:578 inactive_file:418 isolated_file:32
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715475] unevictable:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715475] free:9290 slab_reclaimable:3780 slab_unreclaimable:9943
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715476] mapped:1153 shmem:234 pagetables:8657 bounce:0
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715477] Node 0 DMA free:15884kB min:24kB low:28kB high:36kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15316kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715490] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 3245 6023 6023
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715492] Node 0 DMA32 free:16300kB min:5344kB low:6680kB high:8016kB active_anon:2639724kB inactive_anon:527740kB active_file:584kB inactive_file:132kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:3323400kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:636kB shmem:8kB slab_reclaimable:5824kB slab_unreclaimable:6340kB kernel_stack:1328kB pagetables:15440kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:1698 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715499] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 2777 2777
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715500] Node 0 Normal free:4408kB min:4572kB low:5712kB high:6856kB active_anon:2209648kB inactive_anon:552552kB active_file:1728kB inactive_file:1540kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):128kB present:2844160kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:3976kB shmem:928kB slab_reclaimable:9296kB slab_unreclaimable:33432kB kernel_stack:2504kB pagetables:19188kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:5448 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715507] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715509] Node 0 DMA: 3*4kB 4*8kB 2*16kB 4*32kB 1*64kB 2*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 1*1024kB 1*2048kB 3*4096kB = 15884kB
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715514] Node 0 DMA32: 3047*4kB 0*8kB 2*16kB 8*32kB 9*64kB 5*128kB 1*256kB 2*512kB 1*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 15996kB
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715519] Node 0 Normal: 214*4kB 2*8kB 1*16kB 16*32kB 15*64kB 8*128kB 4*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 4408kB
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715524] 4432 total pagecache pages
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715525] 2842 pages in swap cache
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715526] Swap cache stats: add 614649, delete 611807, find 1264/2278
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715527] Free swap = 16kB
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.715528] Total swap = 2421752kB
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.726519] 1572864 pages RAM
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.726520] 43546 pages reserved
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.726521] 4985 pages shared
Jun 13 21:41:51 fs1 kernel: [48337.726522] 1516369 pages non-shared
Jun 13 21:41:59 fs1 kernel: [48345.814202] glusterfs invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x201da, order=0, oom_adj=-17
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814205] glusterfs cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814207] Pid: 2210, comm: glusterfs Tainted: G M W 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814208] Call Trace:
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814213] [<ffffffff810b6460>] ? oom_kill_process+0x7f/0x23f
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814215] [<ffffffff810b6984>] ? __out_of_memory+0x12a/0x141
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814217] [<ffffffff810b6adb>] ? out_of_memory+0x140/0x172
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814219] [<ffffffff810ba840>] ? __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x4ec/0x5fc
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814222] [<ffffffff812fbb6a>] ? io_schedule+0x93/0xb7
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814225] [<ffffffff810bbda9>] ? __do_page_cache_readahead+0x9b/0x1b4
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814227] [<ffffffff81065070>] ? wake_bit_function+0x0/0x23
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814229] [<ffffffff810bbede>] ? ra_submit+0x1c/0x20
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814231] [<ffffffff810b4bab>] ? filemap_fault+0x17d/0x2f6
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814234] [<ffffffff810cab4a>] ? __do_fault+0x54/0x3c3
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814236] [<ffffffff810cce9e>] ? handle_mm_fault+0x3b8/0x80f
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814239] [<ffffffff812ff2e6>] ? do_page_fault+0x2e0/0x2fc
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814241] [<ffffffff812fd185>] ? page_fault+0x25/0x30
Jun 13 21:42:00 fs1 kernel: [48345.814242] Mem-Info:
我唯一能想到的就是安装这但是。我运行的是 Debian 而不是 Centos，所以我无法安装“mod-e1000e”驱动程序。如果对此有更多的了解就太好了。
答案1
这是某些 e1000e 芯片组驱动程序的已知问题。去年我遇到了同样的数据包丢失问题，从源代码编译最新的 Intel 驱动程序帮我解决了这个问题。我目前使用的是 1.5.1 版，没有任何问题。
编译模块后，将其复制到正确的模块目录（尽管这应该在您编译时自动发生make install）。我不确定 Debian 上的确切目录是什么；在运行内核 2.6.38-8 的 Ubuntu 系统上，正确的目录是，/lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/kernel/drivers/net/e1000e/e1000e.ko因此您的目录可能与此略有不同。
现在，重启之前，请务必使用 以 root 身份卸载现有模块modprobe -rv e1000e，然后尝试使用 手动加载新模块modprobe e1000e。ping 测试现在应该不会再显示数据包丢失。如果在重新启动系统后，您发现再次遇到数据包丢失，则可能是再次加载了旧版本的模块而不是新编译的模块，在这种情况下，您应该查看这个之前回答过的问题来解决那个问题。
查看README英特尔驱动程序源目录中的文件；安装说明非常有用。
答案2
感谢@Richard Keller 的所有帮助。
可耻的是，即使加载了新驱动程序，我仍然会丢失数据包。数据包丢失只会在负载过大时发生，过去甚至丢失过网络适配器。它仍然在 ifconfig 中，但无法 ping。以服务器形式来说，这很糟糕！
无论如何，理查德找到了一个好的链接我以后会再讲一下。买一张新网卡可能更简单！