为什么类似以下的消息会进入 Gmail 的垃圾邮件文件夹？我注意到同一封邮件正确地进入了 Yahoo! 的收件箱，但观察标题我看到（在收到的 Yahoo 邮件中有以下部分：domainkeys=neutral（无签名）；from=mydomain.com；dkim=permerror（无密钥））
以下是收到的 gmail 消息。
Delivered-To: [email protected]
Received: by 10.58.136.2 with SMTP id pw2csp417955veb;
Mon, 12 Nov 2012 08:56:07 -0800 (PST)
Received: by 10.180.8.134 with SMTP id r6mr11575409wia.19.1352739366833;
Mon, 12 Nov 2012 08:56:06 -0800 (PST)
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Received: from reco-server.mydomain.com ([1.2.3.4])
by mx.google.com with ESMTP id i6si8062286wix.3.2012.11.12.08.56.06;
Mon, 12 Nov 2012 08:56:06 -0800 (PST)
Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 1.2.3.4 as permitted sender) client-ip=1.2.3.4;
Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 1.2.3.4 as permitted sender) [email protected]
Received: by reco-server.mydomain.com (Postfix, from userid 33)
id 35A9FC35AC; Mon, 12 Nov 2012 18:53:38 +0200 (EET)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=simple/simple; d=mydomain.com;
s=default.private; t=1352739218;
bh=xB6AkthEgELFO1uSJiG0uEqE+qEnyoQ/RQnK9N0kGcY=;
h=To:Subject:Date:From:Message-ID:MIME-Version:
Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-Type;
b=HbafDiTnuJMT837tf/PWk0LZPMBStf17PJYM94StSg5odjEIPzuzf5hPxJc2DfQMV
+e9MdhgDoKJ09YJJV0nvH07Y+20XB6uPOxk/sJry3ItYCFkqzbFFnK7YkAHRwIuSiy
gueYz6tpfZekxpWTWysic465o4mRLxTG28EdnF2U=
To: [email protected]
Subject: =?UTF-8?B?zpXOu867zrfOvc65zrrOrA==?=
X-PHP-Originating-Script: 0:class.phpmailer.php
Date: Mon, 12 Nov 2012 18:53:38 +0200
From: [email protected]
Message-ID: <8002c9e1cccf93e64ea3b98588ae7971@localhost>
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: PHPMailer [version 1.73]
X-Mailer: phplist v2.10.19
X-MessageID: 13
X-ListMember: [email protected]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
MESSAGE TEXT
编辑 自动化结果[电子邮件保护]
This message is an automatic response from isNOTspam's authentication verifier service. The service allows email senders to perform a simple check of various sender authentication mechanisms. It is provided free of charge, in the hope that it is useful to the email community. While it is not officially supported, we welcome any feedback you may have at <[email protected]>.
Thank you for using isNOTspam.
The isNOTspam team
==========================================================
Summary of Results
==========================================================
SPF Check : pass
Sender-ID Check : neutral
DomainKeys Check : neutral
DKIM Check : invalid
SpamAssassin Check : ham (non-spam)
==========================================================
Details:
==========================================================
HELO hostname: [1.2.3.4]
Source IP: 1.2.3.4
mail-from: [email protected]
---------------------------------------------------------
SPF check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: pass
ID(s) verified: [email protected] DNS record(s):
domain.com. 86400 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:1.2.3.4 a mx -all" ""
----------------------------------------------------------
Sender-ID check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: neutral
ID(s) verified: [email protected] DNS record(s):
domain.com. 86400 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:1.2.3.4 a mx -all" ""
----------------------------------------------------------
DomainKeys check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: neutral (message not signed)
ID(s) verified: [email protected] Selector= domain= DomainKeys DNS Record=
----------------------------------------------------------
DKIM check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: invalid
ID(s) verified: [email protected] Selector= domain= DomainKeys DNS Record=._domainkey.
----------------------------------------------------------
SpamAssassin check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
SpamAssassin v3.2.5 (2008-06-10)
Result: ham (non-spam) (05.1points, 10.0 required)
pts rule name description
---- ---------------------- -------------------------------
* 1.8 SUBJ_ALL_CAPS Subject is all capitals
* -0.0 SPF_PASS SPF: sender matches SPF record
* 3.2 RCVD_ILLEGAL_IP Received: contains illegal IP address
* 0.0 DKIM_SIGNED Domain Keys Identified Mail: message has a signature
* 0.1 RDNS_NONE Delivered to trusted network by a host with no rDNS
To learn more about the terms used in the SpamAssassin report, please search
here: <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/">http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/</a>
==========================================================
Explanation of the possible results (adapted from
draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-04.txt):
==========================================================
"pass"
the message passed the authentication test.
"fail"
the message failed the authentication test.
"softfail"
the message failed the authentication test, and the authentication
method has either an explicit or implicit policy which doesn't require
successful authentication of all messages from that domain.
"neutral"
the authentication method completed without errors, but was unable
to reach either a positive or a negative result about the message.
"temperror"
a temporary (recoverable) error occurred attempting to authenticate
the sender; either the process couldn't be completed locally, or
there was a temporary failure retrieving data required for the
authentication. A later retry may produce a more final result.
"permerror"
a permanent (unrecoverable) error occurred attempting to
authenticate the sender; either the process couldn't be completed
locally, or there was a permanent failure retrieving data required
for the authentication.
==========================================================
Original Email
==========================================================
From [email protected] Mon Nov 12 12:38:18 2012
Return-path: <[email protected]>
Envelope-to: [email protected]
Delivery-date: Mon, 12 Nov 2012 12:38:18 -0600
Received: from [1.2.3.4] (helo=reco-server.domain.com)
by s15387396.onlinehome-server.com with esmtp (Exim 4.71)
(envelope-from <[email protected]>)
id 1TXytm-0006Ks-F4
for [email protected]; Mon, 12 Nov 2012 12:38:18 -0600
Received: by reco-server.domain.com (Postfix, from userid 33)
id 6BF85C35AD; Mon, 12 Nov 2012 20:35:48 +0200 (EET)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=simple/simple; d=domain.com;
s=default.private; t=1352745348;
bh=ct/pgfefCHs8+LIeEBcMrJ5P+x8P9h/ezEkaBkHvCN4=;
h=To:Subject:Date:From:Message-ID:MIME-Version:
Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-Type;
b=KqwYkomSJ7DFGIYp9fwajqCAPr8bab5Blp8FlbN9MGaaNIAt4pBBlnlLOeKeqQ1Dk
B9GzgDaYmzvCeufDu6vHsDX4l2RjzvMvEOu1zYedOni71Pcm8E1R30ACmRE21GMTh1
ydht7n4dCV1ixaRch+yA+usEExUbrrMG5kvSoZyE=
To: [email protected]
Subject: TEST FOR SPAM
X-PHP-Originating-Script: 0:class.phpmailer.php
Date: Mon, 12 Nov 2012 20:35:48 +0200
From: [email protected]
Message-ID: <0a2dfc42198ab976374beeb033478102@localhost>
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: PHPMailer [version 1.73]
X-Mailer: phplist v2.10.19
X-MessageID: 14
X-ListMember: [email protected]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
X-DKIM-Status: invalid (pubkey_unavailable)
This is a test
-- 由 phpList 提供支持，www.phplist.com --
答案1
因为 gmail 的垃圾邮件过滤器与 Yahoo! 不同（通常被认为“更好”）。不同的垃圾邮件过滤器的行为不同。
Gmail 还提供了针对批量发送者的指南和帮助页面，这可能对您比对我们更有帮助，所以我建议您查看一下。
答案2
该问题隐藏在dkim-milter 的配置文件很深的地方。
这个“恶意”配置问题导致签名器无法正常工作，从而导致邮件未经过 DKIM 签名。详细信息：我正在使用 Debian、postfix 和 dkim-milter。我遇到的问题是 /etc/dkim-keys.conf 中的以下行
*@domain.com:domain.com:/etc/dkim/keys/domain.com/default.private
最后部分（.private）必须被删除！！