我已经在主动->被动对中设置了两个 HAProxy 负载均衡器。
KeepAliveD 将用于 MASTER 服务器和 BACKUP 服务器之间的故障转移。
与大多数云一样，不支持多播，因此我无法使用虚拟 IP。相反，我尝试使用单播作为解决方案，我在网络上看到过很多这样的解决方案。
我的问题是 BACKUP KeepAliveD 实例立即进入 MASTER 状态。它可以 ping MASTER 服务器，但似乎无法意识到它确实已启动。
我将自己归类为系统管理员新手，所以请原谅我。因此，我希望我犯的一些明显错误可以轻松纠正...
__[HAProxy Active, KeepAliveD MASTER, 10.179.66.95]
/
----|
|
\__[HAProxy Passive, KeepAliveD BACKUP, 10.179.74.172]
配置如下...
两者均采用 KeepAliveD 版本
1.2.9（单播支持在 1.2.8 中添加，并在 1.2.9 中修补）。
http://www.keepalived.org/changelog.html
在两台服务器上的 /etc/sysctl.conf
# Nonlocal bind for use with KeepAliveD. Allows this instance to take on a non-local IP for failover.
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 中的 KeepAliveD MASTER
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LB_MASTER_ACTIVE
}
# Define the script used to check if haproxy is still working
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "killall -0 haproxy" # verify the pid existance
interval 2 # check every 2 seconds
weight 2 # add 2 points of prio if OK
}
# Virtual interface.
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth1
virtual_router_id 51
priority 101
smtp_alert # Activate e-mail notifications.
#advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
# IP of myself and my peer for unicast based failover.
vrrp_unicast_bind 10.179.66.95 # My IP.
vrrp_unicast_peer 10.179.74.172 # The other's IP.
# Check if HAProxy is running or not.
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
}
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 中的 KeepAliveD 备份
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LB_BACKUP_PASSIVE
}
# Define the script used to check if haproxy is still working
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "killall -0 haproxy"
interval 2
weight 2
}
# Virtual interface.
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth1
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 # MASTER is priority 101.
smtp_alert # Activate e-mail notifications.
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
# IP of myself and my peer for unicast based failover.
vrrp_unicast_bind 10.179.74.172 # My IP.
vrrp_unicast_peer 10.179.66.95 # The other's IP.
# Check if HAProxy is running or not.
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
}
KeepAliveD 启动时，KeepAliveD MASTER 上的消息日志，tail -f /var/log/messages
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived[30158]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.7 (02/21,2013)
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived[30159]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=30161
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived[30159]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=30162
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Interface queue is empty
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Interface queue is empty
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: No such interface, eth1
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: No such interface, eth2
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.179.66.95 added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.3.1 added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:9227 added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:8b4d added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: No such interface, eth1
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: No such interface, eth2
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.179.66.95 added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.3.1 added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:9227 added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:8b4d added
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Configuration is using : 7559 Bytes
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Truncating auth_pass to 8 characters
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Configuration is using : 64400 Bytes
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(3), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
Nov 28 10:54:02 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[30161]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Nov 28 10:54:03 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Nov 28 10:54:04 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Nov 28 10:54:04 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: Remote SMTP server [127.0.0.1]:25 connected.
Nov 28 10:54:04 mysql-read-lb-1 Keepalived_vrrp[30162]: SMTP alert successfully sent.
KeepAliveD 启动时，消息日志记录在 KeepAliveD BACKUP 上，tail -f /var/log/messages
您会注意到它立即进入 MASTER 状态但应该停留在 BACKUP 状态...
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived[25048]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.7 (02/21,2013)
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived[25049]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=25050
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived[25049]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=25052
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Interface queue is empty
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: No such interface, eth1
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: No such interface, eth2
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.179.74.172 added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.3.2 added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:93fc added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:940c added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Interface queue is empty
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: No such interface, eth1
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: No such interface, eth2
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.179.74.172 added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Configuration is using : 7595 Bytes
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.3.2 added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:93fc added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:940c added
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Truncating auth_pass to 8 characters
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Configuration is using : 64436 Bytes
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(3), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Remote SMTP server [127.0.0.1]:25 connected.
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_healthcheckers[25050]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: VRRP_Script(chk_haproxy) succeeded
Nov 28 10:57:35 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: SMTP alert successfully sent.
Nov 28 10:57:38 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Nov 28 10:57:39 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Nov 28 10:57:39 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: Remote SMTP server [127.0.0.1]:25 connected.
Nov 28 10:57:39 load-balancer-1-passive Keepalived_vrrp[25052]: SMTP alert successfully sent.
KeepAliveD MASTER 服务器的接口“ip a”：
[root@load-balancer-1-active keepalived]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether bc:76:4e:08:92:38 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether bc:76:4e:08:92:27 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.179.66.95/18 brd 10.179.127.255 scope global eth1
inet6 fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:9227/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
KeepAliveD BACKUP 服务器的接口“ip a”：
[root@load-balancer-1-passive ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether bc:76:4e:08:4f:b4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether bc:76:4e:08:93:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.179.74.172/18 brd 10.179.127.255 scope global eth1
inet6 fe80::be76:4eff:fe08:93fc/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
嗅探 MASTER
正如下面“emy”所建议的，嗅探数据包以查看健康检查通信是否顺利通过，如下所示： http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-verify-keepalived-working-or-not/
[root@mysql-read-lb-1 ~]# tcpdump -vvv -n -i eth1 host 10.179.74.172
tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
没有什么 ：（
嗅探备份
[root@load-balancer-1-passive ~]# tcpdump -vvv -n -i eth1 host 10.179.66.95
tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
没有什么 ：（