我正在尝试安装 Inline::MakeMaker Perl 模块（包括 Inline::C），但是安装 Inline::C 时失败（似乎找不到“make”，尽管 make 安装在 /usr/bin 下）。
这是在 CentOS 6 上安装的 Perl v5.18.2（从 /usr/local/perl 下的源代码安装）。
这是我安装尝试的输出（我将输出分为三个部分以便于阅读）。
这是第一部分（没有错误）：
[root@xyz .cpan]# cpan -i Inline::MakeMaker
Reading '/root/.cpan/Metadata'
Database was generated on Tue, 01 Apr 2014 19:06:25 GMT
Running install for module 'Inline::MakeMaker'
Running make for S/SI/SISYPHUS/Inline-0.54.tar.gz
Checksum for /root/.cpan/sources/authors/id/S/SI/SISYPHUS/Inline-0.54.tar.gz ok
CPAN.pm: Building S/SI/SISYPHUS/Inline-0.54.tar.gz
Checking if your kit is complete...
Looks good
Inline::C is packaged with Inline.pm because it is the most commonly used
Inline Language Support Module (ILSM).
See also: Inline::ASM, ::Awk, ::BC, ::Basic, ::Befunge, ::CPP (C++), ::CPR,
::Foo, ::Guile, ::Java, ::Octave, ::PERL, ::Python, ::Ruby, ::TT,
::Tcl and ::WebChat.
Config.pm indicates that your version of Perl was built with this C compiler:
cc
I have located this compiler on your system.
Do you want to install Inline::C? [y] y
Writing Makefile for Inline::C
Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json
Writing Makefile for Inline
Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json
cp lib/Inline/MakeMaker/Changes blib/lib/Inline/MakeMaker/Changes
cp Inline.pm blib/lib/Inline.pm
AutoSplitting blib/lib/Inline.pm (blib/lib/auto/Inline)
cp Inline-API.pod blib/lib/Inline-API.pod
cp Inline-Support.pod blib/lib/Inline-Support.pod
cp lib/Inline/denter.pm blib/lib/Inline/denter.pm
AutoSplitting blib/lib/Inline/denter.pm (blib/lib/auto/Inline/denter)
cp lib/Inline/MakeMaker.pm blib/lib/Inline/MakeMaker.pm
cp lib/Inline/Foo.pm blib/lib/Inline/Foo.pm
cp Inline.pod blib/lib/Inline.pod
cp Inline-FAQ.pod blib/lib/Inline-FAQ.pod
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C'
cp lib/Inline/C/ParseRegExp.pm ../blib/lib/Inline/C/ParseRegExp.pm
cp lib/Inline/C/ParseRecDescent.pm ../blib/lib/Inline/C/ParseRecDescent.pm
cp C-Cookbook.pod ../blib/lib/Inline/C-Cookbook.pod
cp C.pod ../blib/lib/Inline/C.pod
cp C.pm ../blib/lib/Inline/C.pm
Manifying ../blib/man3/Inline::C::ParseRecDescent.3
Manifying ../blib/man3/Inline::C::ParseRegExp.3
Manifying ../blib/man3/Inline::C-Cookbook.3
Manifying ../blib/man3/Inline::C.3
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C'
Manifying blib/man3/Inline.3
Manifying blib/man3/Inline-Support.3
Manifying blib/man3/Inline-API.3
Manifying blib/man3/Inline-FAQ.3
SISYPHUS/Inline-0.54.tar.gz
/usr/bin/make -- OK
Running make test
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C'
Manifying ../blib/man3/Inline::C::ParseRecDescent.3
Manifying ../blib/man3/Inline::C::ParseRegExp.3
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C'
PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /usr/local/perl/bin/perl "-MExtUtils::Command::MM" "-e" "test_harness(0, 'blib/lib', 'blib/arch')" t/*.t
t/00init.t ............. ok
t/01usages.t ........... ok
t/02config.t ........... ok
t/03errors.t ........... ok
t/04create.t ........... ok
t/05files.t ............ Skipping - couldn't load the Inline::Files module
t/05files.t ............ ok
t/06rewrite_config.t ... ok
t/07rewrite2_config.t .. ok
All tests successful.
Files=8, Tests=19, 12 wallclock secs ( 0.04 usr 0.01 sys + 1.28 cusr 0.05 csys = 1.38 CPU)
Result: PASS
<snip>
错误发生的地方如下：
<snip>
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C'
PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /usr/local/perl/bin/perl "-MExtUtils::Command::MM" "-e" "test_harness(0, '../blib/lib', '../blib/arch')" t/*.t
t/00init.t .............. ok
t/01syntax.t ............ ok
t/02config.t ............ ok
t/03typemap.t ........... ok
t/04perlapi.t ........... ok
t/05xsmode.t ............ ok
t/06parseregexp.t ....... ok
t/07typemap_multi.t ..... ok
t/08taint.t ............. 1/10 sh: make: No such file or directory
A problem was encountered while attempting to compile and install your Inline
C code. The command that failed was:
make > out.make 2>&1
The build directory was:
/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C/_Inline_test/build/_08taint_1_p_0965
To debug the problem, cd to the build directory, and inspect the output files.
at ./t/08taint_1.p line 7.
...propagated at /root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C/../blib/lib/Inline/C.pm line 797.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at ./t/08taint_1.p line 7.
Compilation failed in require at t/08taint.t line 45.
# Looks like you planned 10 tests but ran 1.
# Looks like your test exited with 127 just after 1.
t/08taint.t ............. Dubious, test returned 127 (wstat 32512, 0x7f00)
Failed 9/10 subtests
<snip>
以下是最后一部分：
<snip>
t/09parser.t ............ This test could take a couple of minutes to run
t/09parser.t ............ ok
t/10callback.t .......... ok
t/11default_readonly.t .. ok
t/12taint_old.t ......... Skipped - applies only to perl 5.6.x
t/12taint_old.t ......... ok
t/14void_arg.t .......... ok
t/15ccflags.t ........... ok
t/16ccflagsex.t ......... ok
t/17prehead.t ........... ok
t/18quote_space.t ....... ok
t/19INC.t ............... ok
t/20eval.t .............. ok
t/21read_DATA.t ......... ok
t/22read_DATA_2.t ....... ok
t/23validate.t .......... ok
t/24prefix.t ............ ok
t/25proto.t ............. ok
Test Summary Report
-------------------
t/08taint.t (Wstat: 32512 Tests: 1 Failed: 0)
Non-zero exit status: 127
Parse errors: Bad plan. You planned 10 tests but ran 1.
Files=25, Tests=91, 30 wallclock secs ( 0.08 usr 0.02 sys + 25.88 cusr 2.11 csys = 28.09 CPU)
Result: FAIL
Failed 1/25 test programs. 0/91 subtests failed.
make[1]: *** [test_dynamic] Error 255
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-D_RUT7/C'
make: *** [subdirs-test] Error 2
SISYPHUS/Inline-0.54.tar.gz
/usr/bin/make test -- NOT OK
//hint// to see the cpan-testers results for installing this module, try:
reports SISYPHUS/Inline-0.54.tar.gz
Running make install
make test had returned bad status, won't install without force
以下是我尝试调试时得到的一些数据（抱歉，这篇文章太长了）：
我在调试器中手动执行了失败的测试：
cd /root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-Rbzd5U/C
PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1
/usr/local/perl/perls/perl-5.18.2/bin/perl -d "-MExtUtils::Command::MM" "-e" "test_harness(0, '../blib/lib', '../blib/arch')" t/08taint.t
以下是输出的摘录：
t/08taint.t ............. 1/10 sh: make: No such file or directory
A problem was encountered while attempting to compile and install your Inline
C code. The command that failed was:
make > out.make 2>&1
The build directory was:
/root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-Rbzd5U/C/_Inline_test/build/_08taint_1_p_0965
To debug the problem, cd to the build directory, and inspect the output files.
at ./t/08taint_1.p line 7.
...propagated at /root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-Rbzd5U/C/../blib/lib/Inline/C.pm line 797.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at ./t/08taint_1.p line 7.
Compilation failed in require at t/08taint.t line 45.
因此，失败的文件是 t/08taint_1.p（这是 t/08taint.t 第 45 行所必需的）。08taint_1.p 包含以下内容：
BEGIN {is(${^TAINT}, 1, '1: taint_is_on');};
use Inline Config =>
UNTAINT => 1,
DIRECTORY => '_Inline_test';
use Inline C => <<'END_OF_C_CODE';
int add(int x, int y) {
return x + y;
}
END_OF_C_CODE
is(add(7,3), 10, 'add_test');
1;
我了解到测试工具使用上述内容来构建测试，但由于某些不为人知的原因，测试未能找到“make”。
这是 /root/.cpan/build/Inline-0.54-Rbzd5U/blib/lib/Inline/C.pm （第 781-799 行），从底部数第二行代码会产生错误：
sub compile {
my $o = shift;
my $build_dir = $o->{API}{build_dir};
my $cwd = &cwd;
($cwd) = $cwd =~ /(.*)/ if $o->UNTAINT;
chdir $build_dir;
# Run these in an eval block, so that we get to chdir back to
# $cwd if there's a failure. (Ticket #81375.)
eval {
$o->call('makefile_pl', '"perl Makefile.PL"', 2);
$o->call('make', '"make"', 2);
$o->call('make_install', '"make install"', 2);
};
chdir $cwd;
die if $@; #Die now that we've done the chdir back to $cwd. (#81375)
$o->call('cleanup', 'Cleaning Up', 2);
}
因此，上面的“make”调用失败了，但为什么呢？Make 位于 /usr/bin 中，而 /usr/bin 位于 PATH 中。
答案1
我进行了强制安装（因为一个失败的测试似乎是有故障的）：
cpan -f -i Inline::MakeMaker
有了它，它安装得很好，我没有遇到任何问题。
答案2
问题似乎是 Inline.pm“sub env_untaint{}”部分的变化。
新的目录可写性测试不知何故将路径“make”了出来，因此当然会失败。值得注意的是，有一个注释掉的部分：
# Was:
# join ':', grep...
如果您恢复旧代码，并在 env_untaint 子中
Was: join注释掉其上方的新代码，，，它应该可以成功安装。joinmake cleanperl Makefile.PLmake test