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在 Bash 中执行脚本时命令失败

tag-icon • tag-icon linux centos bash shell-scripting
在 Bash 中执行脚本时命令失败

我正在编写一个 Bash 脚本来自动执行一些常见任务，但我遇到了一些问题，需要一些帮助。这是我正在谈论的脚本：

#!/usr/bin/env bash

PS3='Please enter your choice: '
options=("Prepare environment" "Create new group" "Add users to group" "Change directory ownership" "Change directory permissions" "Quit")
select opt in "${options[@]}"
do
    case $opt in
        "Prepare environment")
            read -e -p "Enter the work directory: " -i "/var/www/html/" directory
            cd directory

            echo "Updating BOWER..."
            npm -g update bower

            echo "Updating COMPOSER..."
            composer self-update

            read -e -p "Enter the environment: " -i "prod" environment

            if [environment eq prod]
            then
                git fetch --all
                git reset --hard origin/master
                git pull

                composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader
                php app/console cache:clear --env=prod --no-debug
            else
                read -e -p "Enter the environment type: " -i "local" envtype

                if [envtype eq local]
                then
                    composer update
                    php app/console cache:clear --env=dev
                    php app/console cache:warmup
                else 
                    git fetch --all
                    git reset --hard origin/master
                    git pull

                    composer update
                    php app/console cache:clear --env=dev
                    php app/console cache:warmup
                fi  
            fi          

            echo "Cleaning the house and updating libraries..." 
            bower cache clean --allow-root
            bower prune --allow-root
            bower install --allow-root
            bower update --allow-root
        ;;
        "Create new group")
            read -e -p "Enter the group name: " -i "www-pub" groupname
            groupadd groupname
            echo "You have added a new group: " groupname
            ;;
        "Add users to group")
            read -e -p "Enter the group name: " -i "www-pub" groupname
            loop=true          # "true" is a command

            while true; do
                read -p "enter username: " username
                [[ -z $username ]] && break

                usermod -a -G groupname username # add user to group
                echo "You have added: " username " to group: " groupname
            done        
            ;;
        "Change directory ownership")
            read -e -p "Enter the group name: " -i "www-pub" "Enter the directory: " -i "/var/www/html" groupname directory
            chown -R root:groupname directory
            echo "You have changed the ownership for: " directory " to root:" groupname
            ;;
        "Change directory permissions")
            read -e -p "Enter the directory: " -i "/var/www/html" "Enter the directtory permissions (type -d) : " -i "2775" "Enter the directtory files (type -f) : " -i "0664"  directory folder files
            echo "Setting permissions " folder " to " directory
            find directory -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod permissions 
            echo "Setting permissions " files " to " directory " files"
            find directory -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod files 
            ;;
        "Quit")
            break
            ;;
        *) echo invalid option;;
    esac
done

每次运行脚本我都会得到以下输出：

root@test-webserver:/var/www/sis-php-source# /home/script.sh
1) Prepare environment           4) Change directory ownership
2) Create new group              5) Change directory permissions
3) Add users to group            6) Quit
Please enter your choice: 1
Enter the work directory: /var/www/sis-php-source/
/home/script.sh: line 10: cd: directory: No such file or directory
Updating BOWER...
Updating COMPOSER...
You are already using composer version 07c644ac229a21df80180598d8bb9aaba232eecb.
Enter the environment: prod
/home/script.sh: line 20: [environment: command not found
Enter the environment type: local

为什么cd命令会失败？如果命令是输入变量，为什么environment脚本会尝试environment作为命令执行？有人能帮我吗？

答案1

在 bash 中，你得到价值变量$directory。所有细节在手册中。

除非你明确知道什么时候该省略引号，否则你应该总是引用"$variable"扩展。

另外，[...]不是语法，[实际上是命令（命令的别名test）。命令必须与其参数用空格分隔。

if [ "$environment" = prod ]

看：

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