![Asterisk 不使用 externip](https://linux22.com/image/662490/Asterisk%20%E4%B8%8D%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20externip.png)
我正在尝试使用 hello-world 示例设置位于 NAT 后面的云 Asterisk 服务器。我遇到了 NAT 问题。Asterisk 通过 SDP 提供给客户端的 IP 地址是其位于 NAT 后面的本地地址,而不是外部地址。
我曾尝试设置externip
中的值sip.conf
,但似乎没有效果。
[general]
externip=xxx.yyy.zzz.vvv
nat=yes
tcpenable=yes
客户端收到的SDP与服务器设置不一致externip
:
v=0
o=root 291445984 291445984 IN IP4 172.31.46.110
s=Asterisk PBX 11.7.0~dfsg-1ubuntu1
c=IN IP4 172.31.46.110
t=0 0
m=audio 10078 RTP/AVP 0 101
a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000
a=rtpmap:101 telephone-event/8000
a=fmtp:101 0-16
a=ptime:20
a=sendrecv
m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96
我希望 SDP 中的地址externip
与字段中提供的地址相匹配。我尝试了实际 IP 地址以及服务器名称,它们都可以通过 DNS 正确解析为 IP 地址。
我设置的externip
值是否不正确?或者是否需要其他设置才能让 Asterisk 公布其外部 IP 地址?
答案1
您忘记设置了localnet
。配置文件确实警告过您必须将其设置为等于本地网络的网络块。
;----------------------------------------- NAT SUPPORT ------------------------
;
; WARNING: SIP operation behind a NAT is tricky and you really need
; to read and understand well the following section.
;
; When Asterisk is behind a NAT device, the "local" address (and port) that
; a socket is bound to has different values when seen from the inside or
; from the outside of the NATted network. Unfortunately this address must
; be communicated to the outside (e.g. in SIP and SDP messages), and in
; order to determine the correct value Asterisk needs to know:
;
; + whether it is talking to someone "inside" or "outside" of the NATted network.
; This is configured by assigning the "localnet" parameter with a list
; of network addresses that are considered "inside" of the NATted network.
; IF LOCALNET IS NOT SET, THE EXTERNAL ADDRESS WILL NOT BE SET CORRECTLY.
; Multiple entries are allowed, e.g. a reasonable set is the following:
;
; localnet=192.168.0.0/255.255.0.0 ; RFC 1918 addresses
; localnet=10.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ; Also RFC1918
; localnet=172.16.0.0/12 ; Another RFC1918 with CIDR notation
; localnet=169.254.0.0/255.255.0.0 ; Zero conf local network
事实上,通常只要取消注释所有四个示例localnet
指令并结束一天的工作就可以了。
(而且您应该大声抱怨您的服务提供商缺乏 IPv6 支持......)