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将 root 的 /bin/sh 更改为 /bin/busybox，导致 SSH 访问中断。如何修复？

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将 root 的 /bin/sh 更改为 /bin/busybox，导致 SSH 访问中断。如何修复？

我犯了一个愚蠢的错误...我正在玩 busybox，并将chsh根 shell 从 /bin/sh 切换到 /bin/busybox，这似乎破坏了 SSH 访问。

当我做：

root@dev:~$ ssh [email protected]

我得到：

[email protected]'s password: 
BusyBox v1.22.1 (2015-06-19 07:36:41 CEST) multi-call binary.
BusyBox is copyrighted by many authors between 1998-2012.
Licensed under GPLv2. See source distribution for detailed
copyright notices.

Usage: busybox [function [arguments]...]
   or: busybox --list
   or: function [arguments]...

  BusyBox is a multi-call binary that combines many common Unix
  utilities into a single executable.  Most people will create a
  link to busybox for each function they wish to use and BusyBox
  will act like whatever it was invoked as.

Currently defined functions:
  [, [[, addgroup, adduser, ar, ash, awk, basename, brctl, bunzip2, bzcat, cat, chattr, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, chvt, clear, cmp, cp, cpio, cut, date, dc, dd, deallocvt, delgroup, deluser, depmod, df,
  diff, dirname, dmesg, dnsdomainname, du, dumpkmap, dumpleases, echo, egrep, env, expr, false, fbset, fdisk, fgrep, find, flock, free, fsck, fstrim, fuser, getty, grep, groups, gunzip, gzip, halt, head,
  hexdump, hostname, hwclock, id, ifconfig, ifdown, ifup, insmod, ip, kill, killall, less, ln, loadfont, loadkmap, logger, logname, losetup, ls, lsmod, md5sum, microcom, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mkswap,
  mktemp, modprobe, more, mount, mv, nc, netstat, nohup, nslookup, od, openvt, patch, pidof, pivot_root, poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, rdate, readlink, realpath, reboot, renice, reset, rfkill, rm, rmdir,
  rmmod, route, run-parts, sed, seq, setconsole, sh, sha3sum, sleep, sort, start-stop-daemon, stat, strings, stty, sulogin, swapoff, swapon, switch_root, sync, sysctl, tail, tar, tee, telnet, test, tftp,
  time, top, touch, tr, true, tty, udhcpc, udhcpd, umount, uname, uniq, unzip, uptime, users, usleep, vi, watch, wc, wget, which, who, whoami, xargs, yes, zcat

Connection to ip.of.ser.ver closed.

从技术上讲，我不确定它为什么会关闭连接。从非技术上讲，我不知道如何修复此问题，并且希望重新获得对设备的访问权限。

据我所知，我只需要编辑/etc/passwd并将其改回来，但对于现在发生的情况，我该怎么做呢？

答案1

连接已关闭，因为调用/bin/busybox只会显示您看到的输出，但不会启动 shell 会话（请在终端中尝试）。您需要创建符号链接 /usr/bin/ash -> /bin/busybox并调用/usr/bin/ash以启动 busybox shell。

您可能必须通过救援系统来修复此问题才能将其改回来。

答案2

如果您已启用该计算机的 SFTP 访问权限，请尝试使用它。很可能它配置为不需要有效的 shell（internal-sftp）。然后您可以编辑您的密码文件 /etc/passwd文件。

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