我在 Windows 2012 服务器上运行 OpenVPN 服务器。它运行完美，我可以从 iPhone 和 iPad 连接到 VPN，我的所有网络流量都通过 VPN 路由，我可以使用 iOS 远程桌面应用远程访问我网络上的设备。
我在 Windows 10 笔记本电脑上安装了 OpenVPN 应用程序，使用与 iOS 设备相同的客户端配置文件，虽然它允许我连接，但我无法访问互联网或 LAN 上的任何设备。
看起来 DNS 正在工作，因为当我尝试 ping 域名时它会解析 IP，但随后我收到请求超时提示。
我甚至无法 ping 通 VPN 网关 10.8.0.1。
这是我的服务器配置：
port 1194
proto udp
dev tun
server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
push "route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0"
push "redirect-gateway local def1"
push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8"
client-to-client
keepalive 10 120
comp-lzo
persist-key
persist-tun
status openvpn-status.log
verb 3
ca "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\ca.crt"
cert "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.crt"
key "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.key"
dh "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\dh1024.pem"
这是我的客户端配置：
client
dev tun
proto udp
remote xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 1194
resolv-retry infinite
nobind
persist-key
persist-tun
ns-cert-type server
comp-lzo
verb 3
这是我最近连接的日志：
Mon Jan 16 13:45:08 2017 OpenVPN 2.4.0 x86_64-w64-mingw32 [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [LZ4] [PKCS11] [AEAD] built on Dec 27 2016
Mon Jan 16 13:45:08 2017 Windows version 6.2 (Windows 8 or greater) 64bit
Mon Jan 16 13:45:08 2017 library versions: OpenSSL 1.0.2i 22 Sep 2016, LZO 2.09
Enter Management Password:
Mon Jan 16 13:45:08 2017 MANAGEMENT: TCP Socket listening on [AF_INET]127.0.0.1:25340
Mon Jan 16 13:45:08 2017 Need hold release from management interface, waiting...
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: Client connected from [AF_INET]127.0.0.1:25340
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'state on'
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'log all on'
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'hold off'
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'hold release'
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1484574309,RESOLVE,,,,,,
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 TCP/UDP: Preserving recently used remote address: [AF_INET]xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:1194
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 Socket Buffers: R=[65536->65536] S=[65536->65536]
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 UDP link local: (not bound)
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 UDP link remote: [AF_INET]xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:1194
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1484574309,WAIT,,,,,,
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1484574309,AUTH,,,,,,
Mon Jan 16 13:45:09 2017 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:1194, sid=153bc069 fc314ff6
Mon Jan 16 13:45:10 2017 VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=UK, ST=...
Mon Jan 16 13:45:10 2017 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER
Mon Jan 16 13:45:10 2017 VERIFY OK: depth=0, C=UK, ST=...
Mon Jan 16 13:45:10 2017 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA
Mon Jan 16 13:45:10 2017 [server] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:1194
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1484574311,GET_CONFIG,,,,,,
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 SENT CONTROL [server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1)
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0,redirect-gateway local def1,dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8,route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5'
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ip-win32 and/or --dhcp-option options modified
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 WARNING: INSECURE cipher with block size less than 128 bit (64 bit). This allows attacks like SWEET32. Mitigate by using a --cipher with a larger block size (e.g. AES-256-CBC).
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 WARNING: INSECURE cipher with block size less than 128 bit (64 bit). This allows attacks like SWEET32. Mitigate by using a --cipher with a larger block size (e.g. AES-256-CBC).
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 WARNING: cipher with small block size in use, reducing reneg-bytes to 64MB to mitigate SWEET32 attacks.
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 interactive service msg_channel=536
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 ROUTE_GATEWAY 172.20.10.1/255.255.255.240 I=12 HWADDR=14:10:9f:ce:13:73
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 open_tun
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 TAP-WIN32 device [Ethernet 4] opened: \\.\Global\{27AC27A1-A13C-4E12-B90F-C2797B3E8157}.tap
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 TAP-Windows Driver Version 9.21
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 Notified TAP-Windows driver to set a DHCP IP/netmask of 10.8.0.6/255.255.255.252 on interface {27AC27A1-A13C-4E12-B90F-C2797B3E8157} [DHCP-serv: 10.8.0.5, lease-time: 31536000]
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 Successful ARP Flush on interface [6] {27AC27A1-A13C-4E12-B90F-C2797B3E8157}
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 do_ifconfig, tt->did_ifconfig_ipv6_setup=0
Mon Jan 16 13:45:11 2017 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1484574311,ASSIGN_IP,,10.8.0.6,,,,
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 TEST ROUTES: 3/3 succeeded len=2 ret=1 a=0 u/d=up
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 0.0.0.0 MASK 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 Route addition via service succeeded
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 128.0.0.0 MASK 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 Route addition via service succeeded
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1484574316,ADD_ROUTES,,,,,,
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 192.168.0.0 MASK 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.5
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 Route addition via service succeeded
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 10.8.0.0 MASK 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.5
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 Route addition via service succeeded
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 Initialization Sequence Completed
Mon Jan 16 13:45:16 2017 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1484574316,CONNECTED,SUCCESS,10.8.0.6,xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx,1194,,
有什么想法从哪里开始吗？
答案1
请问，您在连接时可以显示 Windows 10 客户端的路由表吗？
C:\> route print
根据客户端日志，OpenVPN 客户端没有通过原始默认网关（在建立连接之前使用的网关）向 OpenVPN 服务器添加静态路由。由于没有到服务器的路由，这会阻止 OpenVPN 客户端数据包到达服务器。我建议您更改服务器配置，将以下行替换：
push "redirect-gateway local def1"
使用其中之一：
push "redirect-gateway autolocal def1"
push "redirect-gateway def1"
参考：
$ man 8 openvpn
--redirect-gateway flags...
Automatically execute routing commands to cause all outgoing IP traffic to be redirected over the VPN. This is a client-side option.
This option performs three steps:
(1) Create a static route for the --remote address which forwards to the pre-existing default gateway. This is done so that (3) will not create a routing loop.
(2) Delete the default gateway route.
(3) Set the new default gateway to be the VPN endpoint address (derived either from --route-gateway or the second parameter to --ifconfig when --dev tun is specified).
When the tunnel is torn down, all of the above steps are reversed so that the original default route is restored.
Option flags:
local -- Add the local flag if both OpenVPN servers are directly connected via a common subnet, such as with wireless. The local flag will cause step 1 above to be omit‐
ted.
autolocal -- Try to automatically determine whether to enable local flag above.
def1 -- Use this flag to override the default gateway by using 0.0.0.0/1 and 128.0.0.0/1 rather than 0.0.0.0/0. This has the benefit of overriding but not wiping out the
original default gateway.
bypass-dhcp -- Add a direct route to the DHCP server (if it is non-local) which bypasses the tunnel (Available on Windows clients, may not be available on non-Windows
clients).
bypass-dns -- Add a direct route to the DNS server(s) (if they are non-local) which bypasses the tunnel (Available on Windows clients, may not be available on non-Windows
clients).
block-local -- Block access to local LAN when the tunnel is active, except for the LAN gateway itself. This is accomplished by routing the local LAN (except for the LAN
gateway address) into the tunnel.
ipv6 -- Redirect IPv6 routing into the tunnel. This works similar to the def1 flag, that is, more specific IPv6 routes are added (2000::/4, 3000::/4), covering the whole
IPv6 unicast space.
!ipv4 -- Do not redirect IPv4 traffic - typically used in the flag pair ipv6 !ipv4 to redirect IPv6-only.
答案2
对于旧版本的 OpenVPN-GUI，这是 OpenVPN.exe 文件未以管理权限运行的症状，而管理权限是更改路由表所必需的。
连接并检查路由表netstat -rn。如果不存在到远程网络的路由，请找到 openvpn.exe 二进制文件并将其更改为以管理员身份运行。
答案3
这听起来可能很明显，但您是否尝试过在 Windows 10 中禁用防火墙？ 另一个选择是仔细检查您的寻址，因为根据您的日志，您的网关地址似乎是 10.8.0.5，而不是 10.8.0.1。
答案4
对于像我一样从第三方 VPN 提供商切换到自己的 OpenVPN 服务器的用户，您需要卸载系统上的所有 VPN 客户端，包括 OpenVPN。确保删除所有配置和注册表项。然后重新安装干净的 OpenVPN。其他 VPN 客户端可能基于 OpenVPN 客户端并共享 TAP 适配器和配置，并且可能不是正确的客户端。
此外，自动安装程序服务器端有助于处理服务器配置中可能出现的任何错误。